Threatened dry grasslands in the continental boreal forests of Wood Buffalo National Park: commentary

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 913-917
Author(s):  
Kevin P Timoney
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Calamagrostis Canadensis ◽  
Koeleria Macrantha ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park ◽  
Agropyron Trachycaulum

There are three primary types of graminoid-dominated communities in or near Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada: freshwater meadows and marshes composed of Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv., Carex atherodes Spreng., Carex aquatilis Wahlenb., Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Link, and Poa L.; saline meadows composed of Hordeum jubatum L., Puccinellia nuttalliana (Schult.) A.S. Hitchc.,Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte, Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler, and Calamagrostis inexpansa A. Gray; and dry grasslands composed of Agropyron trachycaulum, Stipa L., Carex siccata Dewey, Carex obtusata Lilj., and Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Schultes f. Except for the Peace Point area, it is not known whether dry grasslands have declined in areal extent. Including various wetlands under "dry grasslands", and concluding that these areas no longer support dry grassland is misleading. Dry grasslands exist in Wood Buffalo National Park, but most graminoid-dominated communities in the park are, and have been, freshwater and saline meadows and marshes. A clear understanding of the ecological factors operating in these different ecosystems is critical to informed management.Key words: fire, grassland, prairie, vegetation, wetland, Wood Buffalo National Park.

Dry grasslands in Wood Buffalo National Park: reply

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 918-921
Author(s):  
A G Schwarz ◽  
Ross W Wein
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Stipa Comata ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Special Protection

In examining dry grassland areas of Wood Buffalo National Park (WBNP), we used vascular plant indicators commonly found in the grassland landscapes in the southern and central parts of the Prairie Provinces. With distance northward the landscapes become increasingly tree-dominated and the dry grasslands have fewer dry grassland indicator species (about 40 in the area of WBNP) and become smaller in size (about 1 ha in WBNP). Key species are Stipa comata Trin & Rupr., Stipa curtiseta (A.S. Hitchc.) Barkworth, and Stipa columbiana Macoun on the drier sites. Paleontological records and historical documents suggest that these remnant dry grasslands must expand during decades of drought and must contract during decades of higher summer rainfall. We hypothesize that fires might enhance dry grassland expansion by stressing and killing trees and shrubs. Southern dry grassland vascular plant species represent over 7% of the total in WBNP. It is reasonable to hypothesize that these represent special ecotypes that deserve special protection through prescribed burning.Key words: remnant grasslands, Stipa spp., climate change.

Dry grasslands in Wood Buffalo National Park: reply

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 918-921
Author(s):  
A.G. Schwarz ◽  
Ross W. Wein
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park

Threatened dry grasslands in the continental boreal forests of Wood Buffalo National Park

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Schwarz ◽  
Ross W. Wein
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park

Dry grasslands in Wood Buffalo National Park are unique biological features at 60°N latitude, since they contain plant species normally found in more southern grasslands at 50–55°N latitude. The objectives of this study were to inventory dry grasslands, classify them according to similarity of species cover, and establish relationships with understory species in Populus tremuloides and shrub communities. Dry grasslands were studied at nine sites; most were clustered in the Salt River and Peace Point areas. The largest unit of grassland was about 3.0 ha, and most units were less than 0.5 ha. This contrasts with the hundreds of hectares recorded earlier in the century. Of the 128 vascular plant species identified, 29 are considered as southern, and of these, 15 are regionally rare. Sixty-four plots were classified into nine community types, using two-way indicator species analysis. A group of six communities were dominated by grass and shrub species with a component of southern grassland species. Three communities, strongly dominated by Populus and shrubs, represent community types that invade dry grasslands. Ordination of plots using detrended correspondence analysis showed relationships among the community types and a clear separation of southern grassland species from those found in forest communities. Vascular plant diversity, as represented by mean species richness, ranged from about 15 to 28, and Shannon diversity indices ranged from 1.883 to 2.615. The cover of southern grassland species was negatively correlated (correlation coefficient of −0.524) with cover of tall shrubs and trees, suggesting that the dry grasslands of Wood Buffalo National Park are threatened by tree and shrub invasion, which is due, in part, to a lack of recent fires at these sites. Key words: northern grasslands, biodiversity, endangered species, endangered spaces.

Moose Browsing and Soil Fertility in the Boreal Forests of Isle Royale National Park

Ecology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pastor ◽  
B. Dewey ◽  
R. J. Naiman ◽  
P. F. McInnes ◽  
Y. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
National Park ◽  
Isle Royale ◽  
Isle Royale National Park ◽  
Moose Browsing

scholarly journals Etude Eco-Dendrométrique Du Dépérissement Du Cèdre De l’Atlas Dans Le Parc National De Theniet El Had “Algérie”

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Taleb Mohamed Lamine ◽  
Maatoug M’hamed ◽  
Azouzi Blel ◽  
Zedek Mohamed ◽  
Hellal Benchabane
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to search the relationship between the decline of the Atlas cedar and the eco-dendrometrique factors in the National Park of Theniet El Had located in the north-west of Algeria. This study takes place throughout 30 circular plots of 1.000m2 area in which, a dendrometric measures and ecological data are taken in addition to descriptive data for Atlas cedar trees. The descriptive data shows that 34% of inventoried Atlas cedar have damaged leaves and 30% have more then 25% of their crowns damaged. The analysis of variance shows that there is no relationship between the rate of the Atlas cedar decline ant the ecological factors, components of the soil and dendrometric parameters except for the average circumference witch is influenced by the competition between trees. Therefor, a particular management plan for the regulation of competition is a necessity for this park.

CHARACTERISTICS AND GENESIS OF BRUNISOLIC SOILS OF NORTHERN ALBERTA

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pawluk ◽  
J. D. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
National Park ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park ◽  
Pellet Form ◽  
Northern Alberta ◽  
Soil Groups

Exploratory surveys of the Wood Buffalo National Park in Northern Alberta revealed the presence of vast tracts of brunisolic soils. These soils are of common occurrence in the low plains area adjacent to Lake Clare.The brunisolic soils included in this study belong to the Brown Forest, Brown Wooded, and Acid Brown Wooded Great Soil Groups. All profiles were characterized with respect to their physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. Special attention was directed to the Bf horizons where magnetic, amorphous (to X-ray) humus–iron micropellets were identified with the use of an electron microscope. The release of iron oxide from the weathering of iron-rich chlorites was also evident and is suggested as a mechanism by which the accretion of iron oxide to a pellet form could be explained. The possible genesis of these micropellets is fully discussed.

scholarly journals A profile of tourists visiting the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saayman ◽  
E. Slabbert
Keyword(s):  
Market Segmentation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Privately Owned

Due to shrinking budgets for conservation and an increase in the number of government and privately owned parks, it has become very important for parks to determine who the tourists are who visit one of South Africa’s top tourist attractions. The reason for this is that park management and marketers need to focus their efforts to optimise their limited resources. This can only be done once there is a clear understanding of who the market is, where they come from and what they expect. The literature study clearly showed that market segmentation is essential for the effective marketing of a tourism product or destination. Two surveys were conducted, one in 2001 and a follow-up study in 2002, profiling tourists to the Kruger National Park. Different months were chosen to conduct the two surveys in order to get a more comprehensive profile of tourists visiting the park in different seasons.

Wolves, Bison and the Dynamics Related to the Peace-Athabasca Delta in Canada's Wood Buffalo National Park

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
L. David Mech ◽  
L. N. Carbyn ◽  
S. M. Oosenbrug ◽  
D. W. Anions
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wood Buffalo National Park

DISTRIBUTION AND CYTOLOGY OF ELYMUS MACOUNII VASEY

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. H. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
Agropyron Trachycaulum ◽  
Cross Fertilization ◽  
Prairie Provinces

The distribution of Elymus macounii Vasey in the Prairie Provinces of Canada is extensive and apparently governed by the occurrence of its putative parents, Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte and Hordeum jubatum L. The hybrid E. macounii was produced by controlled cross-fertilization of A. trachycaulum and H. jubatum. Subsequently, octoploid E. macounii was obtained by colchicine treatment. Cytological studies indicated 2n = 28 for A. trachycaulum, H. jubatum, and E. macounii (both artificially produced and naturally occurring hybrids). Irregular meiosis of E. macounii and some irregularity in meiosis of octoploid E. macounii were observed.

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