In vitro plantlet regeneration from hypocotyl explants of Stellaria longipes (Caryophyllaceae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Jacintha Miranda ◽  
Michele N Konschuh ◽  
E C Yeung ◽  
C C Chinnappa
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Stellaria Longipes ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Regeneration Capability ◽  
Direct Shoot Formation

An in vitro regeneration protocol for Stellaria longipes Goldie was developed using young hypocotyl explants. Optimal regeneration was obtained using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5 µM N6-benzyladenine and 1 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Three different patterns of shoot regeneration were observed: (i) "direct shoot" formation within 3-5 days of inoculation, (ii) nodular structures appeared followed by shoot formation, and (iii) callus formation followed by the appearance of shoots. Histological observation revealed that cells within the central vascular cylinder of the hypocotyl were responsible for shoot organogenesis. Shoot production was not synchronous or uniform among explants. A more synchronous shoot production was obtained by excising the direct shoots or by wounding the nodular structures. Excision and wounding increased the regeneration capability of the explants. Regenerated shoots were readily rooted in MS medium lacking growth regulators and were successfully transferred to greenhouse conditions. These showed morphology consistence with greenhouse-grown plants.Key words: hypocotyl, organogenesis, regeneration, Stellaria longipes.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. with Reference to a Unique Population in Maruthamalai, the Western Ghats, India

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mallikadevi ◽  
P. Senthilkumar ◽  
S. Paulsamy
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
The Western Ghats

The in vitro regeneration of Plubago zeylanica exhibited that the callus was initiated in the basal medium containing BAP, NAA, 2, 4-D, and IBA.  The high amount (90%) of organic calli was induced in the basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-D, alone at 2.0 mg/l. In the subculture the adventitious shoot formation was prominently higher (83%) in the basal medium containing BAP, and NAA at 3.5 and 0.3 mg/l, respectively. IAA (1.0 mg/l)effectively produced higher percen-tage (90) of roots and root growth. After sequential hardening, survivability rate was observed to be significantly higher (80%) in the hardening medium containing garden soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 by volume under greenhouse condition.  Key words: Plumbago zeylanica, In vitro regeneration, Medicinal plant D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3648 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 173-179, 2008 (December)

scholarly journals Regeneration of Chlorophytum amaniense ‘Fire Flash’ Through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Jin Cui ◽  
Juanxu Liu ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Richard J. Henny
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Foliage Plant

Chlorophytum amaniense Engl. ‘Fire Flash’ is a popular exotic ornamental foliage plant as a result of its unique coral-colored midribs and petioles and tolerance to interior low light levels. Currently, demand for propagative materials exceeds the availability of seeds. This study was intended to develop an in vitro culture method for rapid propagation of this cultivar. Leaf and sprouted seed explants were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with different cytokinins with 1.1 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or 2.3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Leaf explants showed poor responses in callus production and no adventitious shoots were obtained. Callus formation frequencies from sprouted seeds were 71% and 85% when induced by 9.8 μM N6-(2-isopentyl) adenine (2iP) with 1.1 μM NAA and 9.1 μM N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ) with 1.1 μM NAA, respectively. Adventitious shoots occurred after the induced calluses were subcultured on the same concentrations of TDZ or 2iP with NAA. Shoot formation frequencies from calluses cultured on TDZ with NAA and 2iP with NAA were 92% and 85%, and the corresponding mean shoot numbers were 37 and 31 per piece of callus (1 cm3), respectively. Adventitious shoots rooted at 100% after transferring to the basal medium containing 4.4 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) with 2.7 μM NAA. Plantlets, after transplanting to a soilless substrate were easily acclimatized in a shaded greenhouse under a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) density of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1. Regenerated plants grew vigorously without undesirable basal branching or distorted leaves. This newly established regeneration method can provide the foliage plant industry with a means for rapidly propagating ‘Fire Flash’ liners in a year-round fashion.

scholarly journals AgNO3 Promotes Callus Production and Regeneration of Immature Buffalograss Inflorescence Culture

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 631c-631
Author(s):  
Shuizhang Fei ◽  
Paul E. Read ◽  
Terrance P. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Friable Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
Promotive Effect ◽  
Callus Production ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency

The use of buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm] in home lawns and golf courses has been increasing because of its drought resistance and low growth habit. In vitro regeneration of buffalograss at a high frequency may provide an effective tool to introduce new variation for breeding use. The positive effects of AgNO3 on friable embryogenic callus production and regeneration efficiency is well documented in maize. In order to determine if AgNO3 has the same effect on buffalograss, two vegetatively propagated cultivars, a female `609' and a male `45-3' were tested at three different concentrations of AgNO3 at 5, 10, and 15 mg·L–1 using immature inflorescences as explants. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2 mg 2,4-D/L was employed as the control medium. Medium containing AgNO3 significantly promoted the production of friable callus for `45-3' with the highest percentage achieved at 10 mg AgNO3/L. AgNO3 medium led to production of significantly larger calli than found for the control. However, no difference was detected among 5, 10, and 15 mg AgNO3/L with regard to the callus formation ability and the size of callus initiated on these three treatments. Calli were then transferred to MS medium supplemented with BA at 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg·L–1 to induce shoot formation. BA at 0.5 mg·L–1 gave the best differentiation response. Calli formed in the absence of AgNO3 produced more shoots per callus, but more calli were produced in the presence of AgNO3, and the overall regeneration efficiency was much higher with AgNO3 at 10 mg·L–1. In contrast, AgNO3 showed no promotive effect on callus production and regeneration for `609'.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration and Flower Induction on Solanum nigrum L. from Pachamalai hills of Eastern Ghats

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amzad Basha Kolar ◽  
L . Vivekanandan ◽  
Ghouse Basha M
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L

 Explants of Solanum nigrum L., collected from Pachamalai hills callused successfully on MS basal medium supplemented with IAA and BAP. The highest frequency of green compact callus and multiple shoots were obtained on MS containing 2.0 mg/l IAA and 0.5 mg/l BAP. The callus when cultured on MS basal medium fortified with different concentrations of BAP (3.0 - 8.0 mg/l) and IAA (0.5 mg/l) showed multiple shoot formation. The highest frequency of multiple shoots was obtained on MS containing 6.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l IAA. For in vitro flowering, the node explants were cultured on MS fortified with different concentrations of BAP (2.0 - 7.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l). The highest number of multiple shoots were obtained in MS supplemented with 6.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. The in vitro flowering was observed on MS containing 2,4-D and BAP 1.5 mg/l, respectively. The best rooting was obtained on MS containing 0.5 mg/l IBA. The well-rooted plants were hardened and finally planted in the garden.  Key words: In vitro studies, Medicinal plant, Solanum nigrum, Node, Callus D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i1.3264 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(1): 43-48, 2008 (June)

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Response of Lilium michiganense to Four Auxin-type Plant Growth Regulators In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1922-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Robert Ault ◽  
Sandy S. Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
The North ◽  
Cut Surface

Shoot, root, and callus induction were examined in the North American lily Lilium michiganense in response to treatment with four auxin-type plant growth regulators (PGR). Seed from controlled crosses were aseptically excised from slightly immature capsules and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium and vitamins with 30 g·L−1 sucrose, 7.0 g·L−1 agar, and a pH = 5.7. Seed were maintained at 20 °C with a 14-h photoperiod. After 5.0 to 5.5 months, leaves and roots were removed from seedlings, the bulbs transversely sectioned, then the bulb sections cultured cut-surface down on the identical medium supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 μm dicamba, picloram, K-NAA, or 2,4-D. Morphogenetic response was tabulated 4 months after treatment. Shoot formation was promoted by treatment with dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA in comparison with the control (2.5 shoots/explant). Shoot formation varied significantly in response to individual dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D concentrations. A maximum of 7.9 shoots per explant was promoted by 4.0 μm K-NAA and 1.0 μm dicamba, respectively. Root and callus formation also varied significantly between PGR treatments. Root formation was inhibited by dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D treatments in comparison with the control (100% rooting); callus formation was promoted by dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA treatments in comparison with the control (15% callusing).

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Response of Lilium michiganense to Four Auxins In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 813B-813
Author(s):  
Jim Ault* ◽  
Sandy Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
The North ◽  
Cut Surface

Shoot, root, and callus induction were examined in the North American lily, Lilium michiganense, in response to treatment with four auxins. Seed from controlled crosses were aseptically excised from slightly immature capsules and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium and vitamins with 30 g/l sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar, and a pH = 5.7. Seed were maintained at 20 °C with a 14-h photoperiod. After 5.0-5.5 months, leaves and roots were removed from seedlings, the bulbs transversely sectioned, then the bulb sections cultured cut-surface down on the identical medium supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 μm dicamba, picloram, K-NAA, or 2,4-D. PGRs were added to medium prior to autoclaving except dicamba which was dissolved in 50% ethanol and added after medium autoclaving. 16 explants were utilized for each treatment. The experiment was conducted three times. Morphogenetic response (# of shoots produced, % of explants forming roots, and % of explants forming callus) was tabulated 4 months after treatment. Shoot formation was promoted by treatment with dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA in comparison to the control (2.5 shoots/explant). Shoot formation varied significantly in response to individual dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D concentrations. A maximum of 7.9 shoots per explant was promoted by 4.0 μm K-NAA and 1.0 μm dicamba, respectively. Root and callus formation also varied significantly between auxin treatments. Root formation was inhibited by dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D treatments in comparison with the control (100% rooting); callus formation was promoted by dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA treatments in comparison with the control (15% callusing).

scholarly journals Optimization of Callogenesis/Caulogenesis Induction Protocol in Saffron Plant (Crocus sativus L.) Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4731-4746
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The Crocus sativus, an endangered medicinal and aromatic plant in Morocco, has a low propagation rate in natural conditions and, therefore, an efficient method for in vitro propagation is required. This study investigated the effects of various hormones on the induction of callogenesis and callogenesis in C. sativus corms using the Box-Behnken experimental design. The best shoot formation was obtained with Murashige and Skoog fortified with 3 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine. On the other hand, callus formation was obtained with 3 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid or 3 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid. However, a combination of 3 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine, 1.056 mg/L Indole Butyric Acid, and 3 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid allows 50% caulogenesis and 60% callogenesis. The in vitro regeneration system could be utilized for both conservation and largescale multiplication of Crocus sativus corms.

scholarly journals The effect of different biostimulators on morphological and biochemical parameters of micropropagated Hosta ’Gold Drop’

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2.) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ördögh ◽  
Zs. Beregi ◽  
A. Tillyné Mándy
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Carotenoid Level ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Length Width ◽  
After Effect

During in vitro multiplication of Hosta ‘Gold Drop’, 20 g l-1 sucrose, 5.5 g l-1 agar and 4 concentrations (0.1-0.8 ml l-1) of Ferbanat L, Kelpak, Pentakeep-V were added to half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. As compared to the control and other biostimulators, plants with lower peroxidase activity, larger fresh weight, more, longer shoots and roots, larger leaves were developed on medium containing Kelpak. The best concentration was 0.4 ml l-1 for in vitro rooting, shoot formation, plant weight and ex vitro chlorophyll, carotenoid level, peroxidase activity. Pentakeep was the less efficient biostimulator, increasing of its concentration mostly decreased root and shoot values (furthermore, abnormal callus formation was observed, as non-wanted effect), chlorophyll content and sizes (length, width) of leaves, not only during in vitro propagation but also (as after-effect) acclimatization because of the high mortality and weakly developed survivor plants.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm] through Immature Inflorescence Culture

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 521C-521
Author(s):  
Shuizhang Fei ◽  
Paul E. Read ◽  
Terrance P. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Immature Inflorescence ◽  
Callus Production

Buffalograss is native to the Great Plains of North America. Its excellent drought resistance and low growth habit make it a good choice for a low-maintenance turf. A reproducible and efficient regeneration protocol of buffalograss is critical for further genetic transformation. By using immature inflorescences as explants, we have achieved the regeneration of buffalograss of two female clones, `315' and `609', a male clone, NE 84-45-3, and a synthetic cultivar, `Texoka'. Somatic embryogenesis was observed. The medium used for callus initiation was MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D and BA. After 4 weeks of dark culture, calli with nodular structures were transferred to the same basal medium supplemented with BA and either a reduced rate of 2,4-D or no 2,4-D. It was demonstrated that 2,4-D at 2 or 3 mg/L is optimal for embryogenic callus production. The presence of BA from 0.1 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L was required for the regeneration of `315', `609', and NE 84-45-3. For `Texoka', 2,4-D at 0.5 mg/L with BA at 0.3 mg/L in the regeneration medium favored normal development of somatic embryos that were capable of germination. A genotypic effect was observed with regard to embryogenic callus production; explants of the male genotype NE 84-45-3 exhibited a higher percentage of embryogenic callus formation than was found for the two female genotypes. A significant seasonal effect was also observed with inflorescences collected in early May exhibiting a higher percentage of callus formation than those collected in the summer and fall.

scholarly journals Propagation and Establishment of Three Endangered Mexican Orchids from Protocorms

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1395-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Mata-Rosas ◽  
Víctor M. Salazar-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Further Development

Protocols for in vitro propagation from protocorms of Mormodes tuxtlensis Salazar, Cuitlauzina pendula La Llave & Lex., and Lycaste skinneri (Batem. Ex. Lind.) Lind., three endangered species distributed in Mexico and highly appreciated as ornamentals, were developed. The effect of two different culture media, Murashige and Skoog (MS) and modified Knudson (KCm), combined with varying concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (0, 2.2, 4.4, 8.9, and 13.3 μM) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0, 0.5 and 2.7 μM), were investigated. Shoot formation and development of protocorm-like bodies were observed. For all three species, cultures in MS produced more shoots per explant than those in KCm, and those shoots were longer and more robust in appearance. Maximum number of shoots for M. tuxtlensis (1.5) and C. pendula (24.3) were obtained in media supplemented with 13.3 μM and 2.2 μM N6-benzyladenine, respectively. Conversely, for L. skinneri the greatest shoot production (16.4) was achieved in medium supplemented with 2.7 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Subculturing explants in MS basal medium allowed further development and rooting of the shoots as well as growth of protocorm-like bodies. The effect of different potting mixes on ex vitro survival plantlets was also investigated; pine bark:oak charcoal:pumice (3:1:1) allowed the highest survival rates in all three species.

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