Multiplex conidium morphology in species of the Ulocladium atrum group

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1533-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emory G Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Late Growth

Cultures of many isolates of Ulocladium Preuss mature with conidium populations dominated by dark, obovoid to spherical, densely ornamented spores similar to those of typical Ulocladium atrum Preuss. Early-growth conidia of such isolates frequently are quite different morphologically from those of U. atrum and are considered to be useful in defining species within a U. atrum species group. Four species are compared from this viewpoint in both early-growth and late-growth stages: U. atrum, Ulocladium cucurbitae (Letendre & Roumeguère) Simmons, Ulocladium multiforme Simmons sp.nov. (from soil), and Ulocladium dauci Simmons sp.nov. (from seed of Daucus carota L.).Key words: Ulocladium, classification, conidium variability.

Control of Early Watergrass (Echinochloa Oryzoides) and Late Watergrass (Echinochloa Phyllopogon) with Cyhalofop, Clefoxydim, and Penoxsulam Applied Alone and in Mixture with Broadleaf Herbicides

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos A. Damalas ◽  
Kico V. Dhima ◽  
Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Early Growth Stage ◽  
Late Growth ◽  
Echinochloa Phyllopogon

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of application rate, growth stage, and tank-mixing azimsulfuron or bentazon on the activity of cyhalofop, clefoxydim, and penoxsulam against two morphologically distinctEchinochloaspecies from rice fields in Greece. Mixtures of penoxsulam with MCPA were also evaluated. Cyhalofop (300 to 600 g ai/ha) applied at the three- to four-leaf growth stage provided 62 to 85% control of early watergrass but 41 to 83% control of late watergrass averaged over mixture treatments. Control ranged from 37 to 80% for early watergrass and from 35 to 78% for late watergrass when cyhalofop was applied at the five- to six-leaf growth stage averaged over mixture treatments. Mixtures of cyhalofop with azimsulfuron or bentazon reduced efficacy on both species irrespective of growth stage or cyhalofop application rate compared with cyhalofop alone. Clefoxydim (100 to 250 g ai/ha) applied alone at the three- to four-leaf growth stage provided 98 to 100% control of early watergrass and 91 to 100% control of late watergrass; when clefoxydim was applied alone at the five- to six-leaf growth stage the control obtained was 91 to 100% for early watergrass and 79 to 100% for late watergrass. Mixtures of clefoxydim with azimsulfuron or bentazon reduced efficacy on late watergrass at the early growth stage and on both species at the late growth stage. Penoxsulam (20 to 40 g ai/ha) applied alone provided 94 to 100% control of both species at both growth stages. Mixtures of MCPA with penoxsulam reduced efficacy on late watergrass at the early growth stage and on both species at the late growth stage. Mixtures of penoxsulam with azimsulfuron or bentazon reduced efficacy only on late watergrass at the late growth stage.

Zone tillage systems for onion and carrot production on muck soils

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Swanton ◽  
S. Janse ◽  
K. Chandler ◽  
B. D. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Allium Cepa L

This study examined whether zone tillage was a viable alternative to conventional tillage for carrot [Daucus carota L. var. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.] and onion (Allium cepa L.) production on muck soils. Total and marketable yields under zone tillage were e qual to (carrot) or greater than (onion) yields under conventional tillage. Carrot yields did not differ between raised and flat bed treatments. Key words: Reduced tillage, conventional tillage, Daucus carota L. var. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.); Allium cepa L.

Effect of Application Timing on Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control with DPX-V9360

Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy T. Obrigawitch ◽  
William H. Kenyon ◽  
Henry Kuratle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Late Growth

Field, greenhouse, and laboratory studies were conducted to examine the effect of application timing on the activity of DPX-V9360 on rhizome johnsongrass. Field and greenhouse studies indicated that johnsongrass treated with postemergence applications of DPX-V9360 at late growth stages (>5 leaves) was controlled more effectively than when treated in early growth stages (<5 leaves). Johnsongrass control was optimized with split-postemergence applications (treatments applied at early and late growth stages) in field studies compared to a single postemergence application at either early or late growth stages. The pattern of translocation of 2-14C (pyrimidine)-labeled DPX-V9360 applied to a fully expanded johnsongrass leaf did not differ significantly between three different growth stages of 10-, 30-, and 60-cm height. Over 60% of the absorbed14C remained in the treated leaf. Most of the translocated14C moved out of the treated leaf within 3 days after application and distributed to the shoot in greater quantities than to the rhizomes. About 40% of14C-DPX-V9360 applied to the leaf surfaces of a tolerant species (corn) or susceptible species (johnsongrass) was absorbed into the leaf. Corn metabolized over 90% of absorbed DPX-V9360 within 20 h, while there was no perceptible metabolism of DPX-V9360 in johnsongrass leaves after 24 h. Late growth stage and split-postemergence applications appear to provide more effective control than early growth stage applications because of better control of regrowth (new shoot emergence from rhizomes after application) and because tillering and plant emergence are more nearly complete at application time.

scholarly journals Effects of simulated hail damage, and foliar-applied recovery treatments, on growth and grain yield of wheat, field pea and dry bean crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh Dhillon ◽  
Mike Gretzinger ◽  
Lewis Baarda ◽  
Ralph Lange ◽  
Kabal Singh Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Hail Damage ◽  
Late Growth

Hailstorms can be responsible for significant economic loss to the agricultural sector in Alberta, Canada. Foliar applications of certain fungicides and nutrient blends have been advocated to promote recovery and yield of hail-damaged crops. Proper understanding of different crop and hail-related factors is required for an accurate assessment of hail damage to crops, and for evaluations of hail-recovery product claims. This study was undertaken at three locations in Alberta during three growing seasons (2016-18) to determine the effects of two levels of simulated hail severity at three different crop developmental stages including early growth (BBCH 30 for wheat; BBCH 14-16 for pulses), mid-growth (BBCH 39 for wheat; BBCH 60 for pulses) and late growth (BBCH 60 for wheat; BBCH 71 for pulses) stages. Plant growth, and yield parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops were measured. Simulated hail damage led to reductions in height, biomass, NDVI, grain yield and kernel weight of all three crops. Average yield decreased by 24 and 35% for wheat, 17 and 35% for dry beans, and 37 and 45% for field peas for light and heavy hail severity, respectively. Hail timing was a critical factor influencing the extent of crop damage, with hail damage during early growth stage leading to lesser yield reduction compared to hail damage at mid-growth and late growth stages. Fungicides and nutrient blends applications did not significantly improve crop recovery, grain yield or kernel weight for any of the crops in this study.

DAYA TERIMA JAJANAN LOKAL BARONCONG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN WORTEL (DAUCUS CAROTA L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suriani Rauf ◽  
Manjilala Manjilala ◽  
Elvi Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Daucus Carota L

The behavior of people who less consume vegetables and fruit can have a negative impact on health. The lack of appetite for vegetable consumption by the society made the researchers interested in making a combination of vegetables, namely carrots with local foods, namely Baroncong.This research aims to determine the acceptability of local baroncong snacks with the addition of carrots.This research is a pre-experimental study. The panelists from this study consisted of 30 Nutrition Department Students from Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Makassar. Assessment based on taste aspects, color of aroma and texture of baroncong products with the addition of carrots 50%, 75%, 100% with the criteria of very like, like, dislike and very dislike.The results showed that the acceptability of baroncong with the addition of carrots in terms of taste was a concentration of 75%, which was very much as much as 46.7% and liked as much as 50%, the color aspect was 50% concentration consisting of 36.7% likes and likes as much as 53.3%, the aroma aspectis a concentration of 50% which consists of very much as much as 33.3% and likes as much as 63.3%, in terms of aspects of texture are concentrations of 50% and 75%, each of which consists of as much as 23.3% and likes as much as 63, 3%. Based on these data, Baroncong with the addition of carrots received is a concentration of 75%.

ESTUDO DA CINÉTICA DE SECAGEM EM CENOURAS (DAUCUS CAROTA L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Araújo Thaís Jaciane ◽  
Santos Newton Carlos ◽  
Barros Sâmela Leal ◽  
Melo Mylena Olga Pessoa ◽  
Nascimento Amanda Priscila Silva
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Daucus Carota L

Anthocyanin accumulation and PAL activity in a suspension culture of Daucus carota L.

Planta ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang No� ◽  
Christian Langebartels ◽  
Hanns Ulrich Seitz
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Pal Activity

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on the Management of the Invasive Weed Solanum rostratum Dunal (Solanaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Jackline Abu-Nassar ◽  
Maor Matzrafi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Solanum Rostratum ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Late Growth

Solanum rostratum Dunal is an invasive weed species that invaded Israel in the 1950s. The weed appears in several germination flashes, from early spring until late summer. Recently, an increase in its distribution range was observed, alongside the identification of new populations in the northern part of Israel. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbicide application for the control of S. rostratum using two field populations originated from the Golan Heights and the Jezreel Valley. While minor differences in herbicide efficacy were recorded between populations, plant growth stage had a significant effect on herbicide response. Carfentrazone-ethyl was found to be highly effective in controlling plants at both early and late growth stages. Metribuzin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen and tembutrione showed reduced efficacy when applied at later growth stage (8–9 cm height), as compared to the application at an early growth stage (4–5 cm height). Tank mixes of oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen with different concentrations of surfactant improved later growth stage plant control. Taken together, our study highlights several herbicides that can improve weed control and may be used as chemical solutions alongside diversified crop rotation options. Thus, they may aid in preventing the spread and further buildup of S. rostratum field populations.

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