Ultrastructure of the spermatozoid of Lycopodiella lateralis (Lycopodiaceae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1728-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel R. Maden ◽  
Karen Sue Renzaglia ◽  
Dean P. Whittier ◽  
David J. Garbary
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Multilayered Structure ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Basal Bodies ◽  
Male Gametogenesis ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

The spermatozoid of Lycopodiella lateralis (R. Br.) B. Øllgaard is ovoid and biflagellated and contains little cytoplasm. A large, rounded, condensed nucleus occupies the central region of the cell. At the rear of the cell is a cluster of starch-containing plastids associated with numerous elongated mitochondria and small pockets of remnant cytoplasm. The multilayered structure coils laterally around the cell anterior for just over one revolution. An anterior mitochondrion underlies the multilayered structure over its entire length and several smaller mitochondria line the inner anterior coil. Some 150 spline microtubules extend from the multilayered structure and coil posteriorly at approximately a 45° angle to the longitudinal axis of the cell. Microtubules progressively increase in length from the margins of the multilayered structure to the center and thus only a central core of approximately 30 microtubules encircles the organelles at the base of the cell. The two basal bodies are parallel and staggered in their position over the multilayered structure and are separated by about 80° around the circumference of the cell anterior. The flagella emerge in parallel and coil for nearly two revolutions. Comparisons among Lycopodiella, Palhinhaea, and Lycopodium provide the basis for evolutionary inferences associated with modifications in spermatozoid structure such as changes in cell size, whole cell coiling, and distance between basal bodies. Phylogenetic analysis of male gametogenesis suggests that Lycopodiella is part of a monophyletic lycopsid assemblage near the base of the vascular plants. Within this clade, Lycopodiella is most closely related to Palhinhaea, with Lycopodium, Phylloglossum, and Selaginella forming a sister clade. Key words: Lycopodiella, Lycopodium, spermatozoid, land plant phylogeny, locomotory apparatus, ultrastructure.

A Nonflowering Land Plant Phylogeny Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Seven Chloroplast, Mitochondrial, and Nuclear Genes

2007 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin‐Long Qiu ◽  
Libo Li ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Zhiduan Chen ◽  
Olena Dombrovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Plant ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

scholarly journals Functional Constraints and rbcL Evidence for Land Plant Phylogeny

1994 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Albert ◽  
Anders Backlund ◽  
Kare Bremer ◽  
Mark W. Chase ◽  
James R. Manhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Plant ◽  
Functional Constraints ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

Photosynthesis Optimized across Land Plant Phylogeny

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gago ◽  
Marc Carriquí ◽  
Miquel Nadal ◽  
María José Clemente-Moreno ◽  
Rafael Eduardo Coopman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

scholarly journals Step by step evolution of Indeterminate Domain (IDD) transcriptional regulators: from algae to angiosperms

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Santiago Prochetto ◽  
Renata Reinheimer
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Novel Traits ◽  
Complete Set

Abstract Introduction The Indeterminate Domain (IDD) proteins are a plant-specific subclass of C2H2 Zinc Finger transcription factors. Some of these transcription factors play roles in diverse aspects of plant metabolism and development, but the function of most of IDD genes is unknown and the molecular evolution of the subfamily has not been explored in detail. Methods In this study, we mined available genome sequences of green plants (Viridiplantae) to reconstruct the phylogeny and then described the motifs/expression patterns of IDD genes. Key Results We identified the complete set of IDD genes of 16 Streptophyta genomes. We found that IDD and its sister clade STOP arose by a duplication at the base of Streptophyta. Once on land, the IDD genes duplicated extensively, giving rise to at least ten lineages. Some of these lineages were lost in extant non-vascular plants and gymnosperms, but all of them were retained in angiosperms, duplicating profoundly in dicots and monocots and acquiring, at the same time, surprising heterogeneity in their C-terminal regions and expression patterns. Conclusions IDDs were present in the last common ancestor of Streptophyta. On land, IDDs duplicated extensively, leading to ten lineages. Later, IDDs were recruited by angiosperms where they diversified greatly in number, C-terminal and expression patterns. Interestingly, such diversification occurred during the evolution of novel traits of the plant body. This study provides a solid framework of the orthology relationships of green land plant IDD transcription factors, thus increasing the accuracy of orthologue identification in model and non-model species and facilitating the identification of agronomically important genes related to plant metabolism and development.

scholarly journals Response to Comment on “A promiscuous intermediate underlies the evolution of LEAFY DNA binding specificity”

Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 347 (6222) ◽  
pp. 621.3-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel F. Brockington ◽  
Edwige Moyroud ◽  
Camille Sayou ◽  
Marie Monniaux ◽  
Max H. Nanao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Binding Specificity ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Binding Specificity ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

Brunkard et al. propose that the identification of novel LEAFY sequences contradicts our model of evolution through promiscuous intermediates. Based on the debate surrounding land plant phylogeny and on our analysis of these interesting novel sequences, we explain why there is no solid evidence to disprove our model.

Occurrence and phylogenetic significance of monoplastidic meiosis in liverworts

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Sue Renzaglia ◽  
Roy C. Brown ◽  
Betty E. Lemmon ◽  
Jeffrey G. Duckett ◽  
Roberto Ligrone
Keyword(s):  
Daughter Cell ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Plastid Ultrastructure ◽  
Spore Mother Cell ◽  
Key Words Chloroplast ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny ◽  
First Time ◽  
Basal Position

Monoplastidic meiosis is reported for the first time in three seemingly unrelated liverworts, namely Blasia pusilla (Metzgeriales), Monoclea gottschei (Monocleales), and Haplomitrium blumei (Haplomitriales). A second species of Haplomitrium, H. hookeri, is polyplastidic as previously reported. All three taxa represent isolated relicts of ancient liverwort lineages. Monoplastidy in these hepatics is evident in archesporial tissue and is maintained through successive sporogenous cell generations. In archesporial mitosis, the single plastid divides and the two resultant plastids are precisely positioned so that one is inherited by each daughter cell. In the nascent spore mother cell, the solitary plastid undergoes two successive divisions and the resulting four plastids become positioned in a tetrahedral arrangement. Concomitantly, the sporocyte assumes a quadrilobed shape, which is less exaggerated in Monoclea, and a single large plastid is situated in each lobe. Details of plastid ultrastructure and morphology vary slightly among the three taxa. Evidence is presented that Blasia and Monoclea share a common ancestry and represent pivotal taxa in the evolution of the two main lines of liverworts. Haplomitrium is suggested to occupy a more basal position in bryophyte phylogeny. Monoplastidy in meiosis of liverworts links the charophytes, the three bryophyte clades, and the lycopsid pteridophytes and supports a monophyletic interpretation of land plant phylogeny. Key words: chloroplast, liverwort, meiosis, monoplastidy, phylogeny, sporogenesis.

scholarly journals The mitochondrial phylogeny of land plants shows support for Setaphyta under composition-heterogeneous substitution models

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Sousa ◽  
Peter Civáň ◽  
João Brazão ◽  
Peter G. Foster ◽  
Cymon J. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Plant Group ◽  
Strong Indicator ◽  
Land Plant Phylogeny

Congruence among analyses of plant genomic data partitions (nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial) is a strong indicator of accuracy in plant molecular phylogenetics. Recent analyses of both nuclear and chloroplast genome data of land plants (embryophytes) have, controversially, been shown to support monophyly of both bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) and tracheophytes (lycopods, ferns, and seed plants), with mosses and liverworts forming the clade Setaphyta. However, relationships inferred from mitochondria are incongruent with these results, and typically indicate paraphyly of bryophytes with liverworts alone resolved as the earliest-branching land plant group. Here, we reconstruct the mitochondrial land plant phylogeny from a newly compiled data set. When among-lineage composition heterogeneity is accounted for in analyses of codon-degenerate nucleotide and amino acid data, the clade Setaphyta is recovered with high support, and hornworts are supported as the earliest-branching lineage of land plants. These new mitochondrial analyses demonstrate partial congruence with current hypotheses based on nuclear and chloroplast genome data, and provide further incentive for revision of how plants arose on land.

Morphological, histological and molecular characterization of Myxidium cf. rhodei infecting the kidney of Rutilus rutilus

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
MD Dorjievna Batueva ◽  
X Pan ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
X Liu ◽  
W Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Suture Line ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Supplementary Data

In the present study, we provide supplementary data for Myxidium cf. rhodei Léger, 1905 based on morphological, histological and molecular characterization. M. cf. rhodei was observed in the kidneys of 918 out of 942 (97%) roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758). Myxospores of M. cf. rhodei were fusiform with pointed ends, measuring 12.7 ± 0.1 SD (11.8-13.4) µm in length and 4.6 ± 0.1 (3.8-5.4) µm in width. Two similar pear-shaped polar capsules were positioned at either ends of the longitudinal axis of the myxospore: each of these capsules measured 4.0 ± 0.1 (3.1-4.7) µm in length and 2.8 ± 0.1 (2.0-4.0) µm in width. Polar filaments were coiled into 4 to 5 turns. Approximately 18-20 longitudinal straight ridges were observed on the myxospore surface. The suture line was straight and distinctive, running near the middle of the valves. Histologically, the plasmodia of the present species were found in the Bowman’s capsules, and rarely in the interstitium of the host. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. cf. rhodei was sister to M. anatidum in the Myxidium clade including most Myxidium species from freshwater hosts.

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