Biological activities of seaweed extracts from British Columbia, Canada, and Korea. I. Antiviral activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1656-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Kim ◽  
A. M. Huang ◽  
K. Bannister ◽  
T. J. Choi ◽  
G. H. N. Towers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Sindbis Virus ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Analipus Japonicus

We report the results of the first screening of 89 seaweeds collected from British Columbia, Canada, and Korea for antiviral activity. Various concentrations of methanol extracts of dried algae were tested against 100 plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus type 1 and Sindbis virus in Vero cell monolayers. Eleven extracts inhibited both viruses, and 22 extracts were active against only one of the viruses. Thus, in total 37% of the species were active, and only two of these extracts also showed cytotoxicity at the concentrations tested. The antiviral activities were proportionately more frequent in the Korean extracts (56% compared with 27% of Canadian extracts), but in general the more potent extracts were of Canadian origin. Analipus japonicus was the most potent anti-herpes species, and the Korean species of Codium fragile was the most potent against both viruses. This high yield of antiviral extracts illustrates the potential of seaweeds as a resource for bioactive compounds. Key words: seaweeds, algal extracts, antiviral activities.

scholarly journals Relevance of Ayurveda Anti-viral herbal wisdom from the perspective of current researches

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Pramod Khobragade
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Sindbis Virus ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Herbal Medicinal ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Medicinal Drugs

Due to COVID-19 outbreaks, entire humanity across the globe is suffering from this deadly disease and searching for novel and more effective antiviral herbal drug for its complete cure. Ayurveda compendia have described herbal medicines which are said to be effective against all microorganisms. Hence in this paper attempt is made to review Krimighna drugs described in Ayurveda compendia and identify its efϑicacy on various viral diseases. Relevant references were searched concerning krimihar drugs described in Brihatrayee viz. Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya. Scientiϑic research papers related to pre-clinical and clinical studies showing the antiviral activity of individual krimighna drugs were also searched. In all Samhitas total, 56 drugs were found having Krimighna properties. Out of these only ten drugs are found to have antiviral activity against various type of viruses such as Herpes Simplex virus (HSV type 1 & 2), Dengue virus (DNGV), Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), Sindbis virus(SINV) Measles virus, Poliovirus. Herbal medicinal drugs have great potential to treat viral diseases. Considering the global disease burden caused by COVID-19, there is an urgent need to explore the Krimighna drugs with antiviral activity and to develop novel and useful antiviral agents to combat the COVID -19 menace effectively.

scholarly journals In vitro antiviral activity of BanLec against herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Arisha Taj Mahaboob Batcha ◽  
Ashish Wadhwani ◽  
Gowri Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Antiviral Compound ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

The present study evaluates the antiviral activity of banana lectin (BanLec) against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). Lectin was isolated from the ripen pulp of bananas (Musa paradisiaca). The study showed that lectin exhibited hemagglutination activity towards human erythrocytes A, B, AB and O group. The molecular weight of BanLec using SDS gel-electrophoresis was found to be 14,000-30,000 Da. Cytotoxicity of BanLec on the Vero cell lines showed an inhibitory concentration of 172.7 µg/mL. BanLec was virucidal and showed no cytotoxicity at the concentration tested. The lectin showed a dose-dependent antiviral activities, inhibiting HSV-1 by 16.0 µg/mL with selectivity index 10.8 and HSV-2 inhibition by 67.7 µg/mL with selectivity index 2.6. These results corroborate that BanLec could be a rich source of potential antiviral compound for HSV-1 when compared to HSV-2.

scholarly journals The Comparative Analysis of Antiviral Activity of Native and Modified Fucoidans from Brown Algae Fucus evanescens In Vitro and In Vivo

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Krylova ◽  
Svetlana P. Ermakova ◽  
Vyacheslav F. Lavrov ◽  
Irina A. Leneva ◽  
Galina G. Kompanets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Antiviral Activities

The enzymatic depolymerization of fucoidans from brown algae allowed the production of their standardized derivatives with different biological activities. This work aimed to compare the antiviral activities of native (FeF) and modified with enzyme (FeHMP) fucoidans from F. evanescens. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activities of the FeF and FeHMP against herpes viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2), enterovirus (ECHO-1), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in Vero and human MT-4 cell lines were examined by methylthiazolyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assays, respectively. The efficacy of fucoidans in vivo was evaluated in the outbred mice model of vaginitis caused by HSV-2. We have shown that both FeF and FeHMP significantly inhibited virus-induced CPE in vitro and were more effective against HSV. FeF exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-2 with a selective index (SI) > 40, and FeHMP with SI ˃ 20, when they were added before virus infection or at the early stages of the HSV-2 lifecycle. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that after intraperitoneal administration (10 mg/kg), both FeF and FeHMP protected mice from lethal intravaginal HSV-2 infection to approximately the same degree (44–56%). Thus, FeF and FeHMP have comparable potency against several DNA and RNA viruses, allowing us to consider the studied fucoidans as promising broad-spectrum antivirals.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Sindbis Virus Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine Potency by Linkage of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 VP22 Protein to Antigen

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2368-2376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Fang Cheng ◽  
Chien-Fu Hung ◽  
Chee-Yin Chai ◽  
Keng-Fu Hsu ◽  
Liangmai He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Sindbis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Potency ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Rna Replicon

ABSTRACT Recently, self-replicating and self-limiting RNA vaccines (RNA replicons) have emerged as an important form of nucleic acid vaccines. Self-replicating RNA eventually causes lysis of transfected cells and does not raise the concern associated with naked DNA vaccines of integration into the host genome. This is particularly important for development of vaccines targeting proteins that are potentially oncogenic. However, the potency of RNA replicons is significantly limited by their lack of intrinsic ability to spread in vivo. The herpes simplex virus type 1 protein VP22 has demonstrated the remarkable property of intercellular transport and provides the opportunity to enhance RNA replicon vaccine potency. We therefore created a novel fusion of VP22 with a model tumor antigen, human papillomavirus type 16 E7, in a Sindbis virus RNA replicon vector. The linkage of VP22 with E7 resulted in a significant enhancement of E7-specific CD8+ T-cell activities in vaccinated mice and converted a less effective RNA replicon vaccine into one with significant potency against E7-expressing tumors. These results indicate that fusion of VP22 to an antigen gene may greatly enhance the potency of RNA replicon vaccines.

scholarly journals Activity of Penciclovir in Combination with Azido-Thymidine, Ganciclovir, Acyclovir, Foscarnet and Human Interferons against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication in Cell Culture

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sutton ◽  
J. Taylor ◽  
T. H. Bacon ◽  
M. R. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Combinations of penciclovir (PCV) with other antiviral agents (acyclovir, ACV; ganciclovir, GCV; foscarnet, PFA; azido-thymidine, AZT) or with human interferons (HulFN-α,β,γ) were tested for inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2) in cell culture. The antiviral interactions observed between combinations of PCV with ACV or GCV were purely additive. Combinations of PCV with HulFNs demonstrated highly synergistic anti-herpesvirus activity; some synergy was also detected between PCV and PFA against HSV-1. High concentrations of AZT inhibited the antiviral activity of PCV; this antagonism was competitive. In more detailed studies it was demonstrated that high concentrations of AZT also inhibited the antiviral activity of ACV, and that ACV was more sensitive to this antagonism than PCV. It was concluded that the antagonism was unlikely to have clinical significance.

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