Camptothecin yield and distribution within Camptotheca acuminata trees cultivated in Louisiana

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Liu ◽  
John Adams
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Camptotheca Acuminata ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Raw Plant Materials ◽  
Component Field

Camptotheca acuminata plantations were established in southern Louisiana in an effort to provide raw plant materials for deriving camptothecins, compounds having antitumor activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and camptothecin distribution within the trees. It was found that all plant parts contained camptothecins following 1 year of growth in the field. Branches, roots, and stems accumulated significantly higher concentrations of camptothecins than leaves. Bark was significantly higher in camptothecin concentration than wood. Younger and older tissues within a growing season were not significantly different in camptothecin concentrations. High correlation in camptothecin concentration was found between branch and stem, root and stem, and root and branch, whereas little correlation was observed between bark and wood, and leaf and any other plant component. Field-grown C. acuminata has the observed characteristic of multiple current-year branching. The proportion of bark in term of dry weight and dimension decreased as trees increased in diameter. Dried shoots (bulk) contained 0.042% camptothecin, and dried roots (bulk) contained 0.051% camptothecin. Keywords: Camptotheca acuminata, medicinal plants cultivation, camptothecin content, camptothecin distribution, biomass.

Copper nutrition of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Seaton Park). I. Effects of copper supply on growth and development

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Reuter ◽  
AD Robson ◽  
JF Loneragan ◽  
DJ Tranthim-Fryer
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Lateral Branches

Effects of severe and moderate copper deficiency on the development of leaves and lateral branches, on the distribution of dry weight within the plant, and on seed yield of Seaton Park subterranean clover were assessed as part of three glasshouse experiments. Copper deficiency markedly depressed top and root growth without producing any distinctive symptoms. It retarded phasic development by delaying development of leaves and lateral branches, senescence of plant parts, and flowering: it also depressed the proportion of stem plus petiole in plant tops and decreased internode elongation, pollen fertility and the number of burrs and seeds formed. As a result of its effect in delaying flowering, copper deficiency would depress seed production particularly strongly when low soil water supply shortens the growing season. The need for suitable procedures for diagnosing copper deficiency is emphasized by the lack of specific plant symptoms in this species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potentially Toxic Metal Contamination of Local Medicinal Plants and Extracts Sold in Ibadan, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert U. Adie ◽  
Adedoyin Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Background. Extracts from medicinal plants have been widely used in the treatment of public health ailments, however, medicinal plants may be grown in polluted soil/water environments. Many of these plants are harvested and processed by local and illiterate natural healers and other vendors in an unhygienic manner. This results in the possibility of contamination with potentially toxic metals from the environment. Objectives. This study evaluated the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in 25 samples of different medicinal plants procured from stores in open markets in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods. After procurement, the samples were air dried, pulverized and dry ashed. All ashes were dissolved with dilute acid solutions, filtered and the filtrates were stored for metal analysis. Samples with elevated metal concentrations were extracted with water and alcohol solutions to mimic the medicinal extracts obtained from these plants. Metal concentrations were analysed in all extracts and filtrates using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. Metal concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) in all samples ranged as follows: Cu, 0.04 - 9.44; Zn, 0.36 – 35.4 and Pb, below detection limits (BDL) – 6.15. The concentrations of Cd, Cr and Ni in all samples were BDL. The concentrations of all metals in the samples were within accepted limits set for medicinal plants according to international regulatory bodies. All ethanol extracts and 1 out of 4 water extracts contained Pb. Conclusions. Medicinal plants could pose chronic metal toxicity effects from continual bioaccumulation along the food chain. Furthermore, extraction of active ingredients with water was deemed to be safer than the use of alcohol extracts. Continuous monitoring of these medicinal plant materials is needed. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Evaluation of decision support system for agrotechnology transfer SUBSTOR potato model (v4.5) under tropical conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moleen Monita Nand ◽  
Viliamu Iese ◽  
Upendra Singh ◽  
Morgan Wairiu ◽  
Anjeela Jokhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Tropical Conditions

Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) SUBSTOR Potato model (v4.5) was calibrated using Desiree variety. DSSAT SUBSTOR Potato model simulates on a daily basis the development and growth of potatoes using inputs such as climate, soil and crop management. The experiment was conducted in Banisogosogo, Fiji Islands, during the potato growing season of 2012. Fresh and dry weights of belowground plant component (tubers) were taken during progressive harvests. The DSSAT SUBSTOR Potato model was calibrated using experimental field data, soil and weather data of the growing season. The manual calibration steps involved recalculation of soil water content and the adjustments of genetic co-efficient to suit the temperature and daylength regime similar to the experimental conditions. Tuber dry weight was used as the main parameter to evaluate the model. The R2 values of the observed and simulated model outputs before calibration for replicate plot 1, replicate plot 2 and replicate plot 3 were 0.52, 0.49 and 0.61 respectively. After calibration, the R2 values for tuber dry yield for replicate plot 1, replicate plot 2 and replicate plot 3 were 0.88, 0.66 and 0.92 respectively indicating a strong positive relationship between the simulated and the observed yield.

Simultaneous Quantification of Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids in Glechoma hederacea and Glechoma hirsuta by UPLC/MS/MS

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Grabowska ◽  
Paweł Żmudzki ◽  
Dagmara Wróbel-Biedrawa ◽  
Irma Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Glechoma Hederacea

AbstractThe content of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid was determined in different plant parts of two Glechoma species, G. hederacea and G. hirsuta. To achieve optimal extraction conditions of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid from plant material, several methods including maceration, heat reflux, Soxhlet, and ultrasonic extraction, as well as various solvents (methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate), were investigated and compared.For the simultaneous quantification of pentacyclic triterpenes in extracts from Glechoma sp., an UPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated. The method exhibited good linearity, precision, and recovery, and it also was simple, specific, and fast. We developed the method for future application in the quality control of plant materials and botanical extracts containing ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. With regard to the triterpene constituents, both G. hederacea and G. hirsuta can be used equally, and the aboveground parts of both species, but the leaves especially, are abundant sources of ursolic acid (7.1 – 7.5 mg/g dry weight [DW]). Dichloromethane as an extractant provided the best extraction efficiency as well as selectivity to obtain Glechoma extracts rich in triterpenes as compared to methanol and ethyl acetate, regardless of the particular extraction technique. Dry dichloromethane extracts from aerial parts of Glechoma sp. obtained by the heat reflux method resulted in products with a high content of UA (17 – 25% w/w) are considered to be convenient and rich sources of this compound.

scholarly journals Variation of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra from Wild Populations of Turkey

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necdet Çamaş ◽  
Jolita Radušienė ◽  
Ali Kemal Ayan ◽  
Cüneyt Çırak ◽  
Valdimaras Janulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Contents

The present study was conducted to determine the variation in the content of hyperforin, hypericin and pseudohypericin in Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra growing wild in four locations of Turkey. The aerial parts, representing a total of 30 individuals, were collected at full flowering and dissected into floral, leaf and stem tissues. After drying at room temperature, the plant materials were assayed for their chemical contents by HPLC. The populations varied significantly in chemical contents. Hyperforin content ranged from 0.05 to 0.56 mg/g, hypericin from 0.74–1.98 mg/g, and pseudohypericin from 0.72–2.26 mg/g, dry weight. Among the different plant parts, the flowers were found to be the principle organ for hyperforin accumulation, while hypericin and pseudohypericin were accumulated mainly in leaves. Such kinds of data could be useful for optimizing the processing methodology of wild-harvested plant material and phytochemical evaluation of H. triquetrifolium.

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTITUMOR 20 TUMBUHAN OBAT ASAL KABUPATEN MANOKWARI

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimo Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

<strong><em>Flavanoid, steroid, and terpenoid contents of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were analyzed.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and antitumor activity of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were also evaluated. The result shows that 83% positif to flavanoid test, 59% positif to terpenoid test and only 25% positif steroid. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents evaluated using Ferric Thiocianate (FTC) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods respectively. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of medicinal plants were extracted by the traditional method, boiling in water and also in 80% methanol. Twenty plants evaluated in both exstracts have significantly varies of antioxidant activities and phenolic contents,  A significant and linier correlation coefficient between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was found in both aqueous (R<sup>2</sup>= 0,77) and methanol (R<sup>2</sup> = 0,85). Antitumor activity was tested using cell maurine P-388 and only 2 of medicinal plants are active to inhibit cell maurine P-388. Comparing extraction efficiency of the two methods, the methanol extracted phenolic compounds more efficiently, and antioxidant activity of the extract was higher.</em></strong>

Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara (The Usage of Traditional Medicinal Plants by Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Chrisye Yustitia Pelokang ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
Deidy Katili
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Families

Abstrak Tumbuhan obat merupakan tumbuhan yang menghasilkan satu atau lebih komponen aktif yang dipercaya oleh penduduk berkhasiat obat sehingga dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji spesies tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur  yang diajukan kepada pengobat tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 38 spesies dari 25 famili tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat oleh Etnis Sangihe bagian Selatan. Herba merupakan habitus tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pengobatan. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai obat yaitu daun. Cara pengolahan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah direbus. Jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat sebanyak 22 jenis penyakit. Kata kunci: tumbuhan obat, obat tradisional, habitus, Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan Abstract             Medicinal plants are plants that produce one or more active components that are believed by local people as medicinal plants for traditional medicine practices. This study aimed to identify and to assess the plant species that used as traditional medicine by the Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted by structured interviews to the indigenous medical practitioners. The results showed that 38 plant species from 25 plant families were used as medicinal plants by the Southern Sangihe Ethnic people. Herbs were plant habitus that were widely used for medicinal ingredients. The leaves were widely used as medicinal plant materials. Boiling was the most processing method for preparing medicinal herbs. There were 22 types of diseases that could be treated using medicinal plants. Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional medicine, habitus, Southern Sangihe Islands

Medicinal plants and sustainable livelihood in Pauri district of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (06) ◽  
pp. 4589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vardan Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Plant

The present study was conducted in the Thalisain block of Pauri Garhwal to document the medicinal plants used by the local communities. 53 plant species distributed in 38 families were documented. Of the total plant species 49% were herbs, 26% trees, 23% shrubs and 2% climbers. 16 different plant parts were used by local communities for different ailments. Medicinal plants were widely used by major sections of the community against common colds, cough, skin diseases, snake bite, fever, joint pains, bronchitis etc. Women and local healers called vaids have a vital role in environmental management due to traditional knowledge and use of plants as medicine with undocumented knowledge. It has been observed as one of the best option of sustainable livelihoods for the residents of the area.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

Application of the rutin standard sample in analysis of related raw plant materials, vitamin compositions, and phytopreparations

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Smirnova ◽  
S. S. Nikolaeva ◽  
V. A. Bykov ◽  
L. V. Yakovleva ◽  
L. B. Rebrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Sample ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Raw Plant Materials
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