Theory of vessel-length determination: the problem of nonrandom vessel ends

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin T. Tyree
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
Correct Result ◽  
Correction Algorithm ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Vessel Length ◽  
Length Determination

A theoretical analysis was undertaken to examine the accuracy of algorithms commonly used to compute vessel lengths from paint perfusion experiments. The double-difference (DD) algorithm assumes that all vessels have randomly distributed vessel ends along the axis of the paint-perfused stem and that vessels do not branch. When these conditions were met, the DD algorithm overestimated the frequency of short vessels and underestimated the frequency of long vessels. When these conditions were not met, negative numbers for frequencies were outputted by the DD algorithm. Two algorithms for correcting for negative numbers were examined, one used by Zimmermann and the other used by Ewers and Fisher. Neither algorithm produced the correct result, but the correction algorithm proposed by Ewers and Fisher produced more accurate results. Key words: vessel-length distribution.

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE PIGMENTED TUMORAL-LIKE LESIONS OF THE SKIN AT HUE HOSPITAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY UNIVERSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Mao Nguyen Van ◽  
Dong Tran Nam
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
Difficult Cases

Background: Pigmented tumour of the skin is one of the common tumour in human including the benign pigmented tumours (more common) called Nevi tumours and the malignant one called melanoma which was less frequent but the most poor in prognosis. In addition, the others not belonging to these group had the same clinical appearance, so the application of histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the definitive diagnosis was indespensible. Objectives: 1. To describe the macroscopic features of the pigmented tumoral-like lesions; 2. To classify the histopathologic types of the pigmented cell tumours and the other pigmented tumours of the skin. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional research on 55 patients diagnosed as pigmented tumoral lesions by clinician, then all definitively diagnosed by histopathology combining the immunohistochemistry in difficult cases. Results: There was no difference in gender, the disease was discovered most common in adult, especially with the age over 51 years old (58.1%). the most region located was in the face accounting for 60%, following the trunk and limbs (14.6%, 12.8% respectively). All 3 malignant melanomas happened in foot. The most common color of the lesions was black (65.4%), the other ones were rose, grey and blue. Histopathology and immunohisthochemistry showed that the true pigmented cell tumours were 52.6% encompassing benign ones (Nevi tumour) (41.8%), melanoma (5.4%) and lentigo (5.4%). 47.4% was not the true pigmented cell tumour including pigmented basocellular carcinoma (36.4%) and the others less common as histiofibromas, acanthoma and papilloma. Conclusion: the pigmented tumoral-like lesions of the skin could be the true pigmented cell tumours and the others, so the application of the histopathology and the immunohistochemistry after the clinical discovery helps to determine and classify the disease definitely and for the best orientation of treatment as well. Key words: skin tumour, benign pigmented tumour (Nevi), malignant pigmented tumour (melanoma), pigmented basocellular carcinoma

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The efficacy of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point incidence of wheat seeds was evaluated in the field. Two seed treating fungicides, namely Vitavax-200 and Homai-80WP were used @ 0.25% of dry seed weight and foliar spray with Tilt-250EC (0.05%) was applied in six different schedules. Untreated and unsprayed controls were also maintained. Seed treatment with either Vitavax-200 or Homai-80WP significantly increased plant population and grain yield, but none of them was found effective in reducing black point incidence. On the other hand, foliar sprays with Tilt-250EC under all the spray schedules except spraying at 70 and 90 DAS significantly minimized the disease severity over unsprayed control. Among the different spray schedules, spraying at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 DAS appeared to be most effective, which was similar to spraying at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS in reducing black point incidence and increasing grain yield. Economic analysis on yield advantage showed that the highest additional gross margin of Tk. 6120/ha with BCR 2.57 was obtained from five sprays applied at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS. Key Words: Seed treatment, foliar spray, black point, wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3968 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 425-434, September 2009

Structural effects on chemo- and enantioselectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B - Resolution of β-amino esters

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szilvia Gedey ◽  
Arto Liljeblad ◽  
László Lázár ◽  
Ferenc Fülöp ◽  
Liisa T Kanerva
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Candida Antarctica ◽  
Diisopropyl Ether ◽  
The Other ◽  
Candida Antarctica Lipase B ◽  
Candida Antarctica Lipase ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
Lipase B ◽  
Amino Esters ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions

The Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed reactions of five β-amino esters with neat butyl butanoate and with 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl butanoate in diisopropyl ether were studied, as were the reactions of the same β-amino esters and their N-butanamides with neat butanol. The possibility for sequential resolution, where the amino and ester functions of the substrate both react with an achiral butanoate, became less likely with increasing size of the substrate from ethyl 3-aminobutanoate (1a) to pentanoate (1b) or larger. On the other hand, the alcoholyses of N-acylated β-amino esters successfully proceeded in butanol with E > 100. Gram-scale resolution of the N-butanoylated 1a was performed to demonstrate the usefulness of the method. Key words: lipase, interesterification, acylation, alcoholysis, resolution, β-amino esters.

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENT OF A NOVEL DEP CHIP WITH 3-D SILICON ELECTRODES

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIMING YU ◽  
FRANCIS E. H. TAY ◽  
GUOLIN XU ◽  
CIPRIAN ILIESCU ◽  
MARIOARA AVRAM
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Applied Potential ◽  
Dielectrophoretic Force ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Doped Silicon ◽  
Planar Electrodes

This paper presents a novel dielectrophoresis (DEP) device where the DEP electrodes define the channel walls. This is achieved by fabricating microfluidic channel walls from highly doped silicon so that they can also function as DEP electrodes. Compared with planar electrodes, this device increases the exhibited dielectrophoretic force on the particle, therefore decreases the applied potential and reduces the heating of the solution. A DEP device with triangle electrodes has been designed and fabricated. Compared with the other two configurations, semi-circular and square, triangle electrode presents an increased force, which can decrease the applied voltage and reduce the Joule effect. Yeast cells have been used to for testing the performance of the device.

A field study of competition and interaction between Lemna minor and Lemna trisulca

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2904-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. McIlraith ◽  
Gordon G. C. Robinson ◽  
Jennifer M. Shay
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Vegetative Biomass

Field experiments and survey methods were used to assess competition and interaction between Lemna minor L. and Lemna trisulca L. at Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Sites were dominated by one or the other species or codominated by both. Replacement series experiments predicted codominance of L. minor and L. trisulca in an unshaded eutrophic site but predicted L. minor dominance when run for a longer time. Similar experiments conducted in a shaded eutrophic site predicted L. minor dominance. Addition series experiments showed that intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred in the unshaded site. In a eutrophic unshaded ditch, high densities of L. minor suppressed L. trisulca. In a eutrophic shaded site, high densities of L. minor and green algae inhibited L. trisulca, and in a sunny, less eutrophic site high density of each species inhibited the other. In a transplant experiment, L. minor biomass in shaded enclosures approached that found naturally in two shaded sites. Lemna trisulca persisted when shaded. Vegetative biomass trends in an unshaded eutrophic marsh ditch indicated spring and fall L. trisulca dominance and summer L. minor dominance. Shaded eutrophic sites were dominated by L. minor, whereas a less eutrophic site was dominated by L. trisulca. A model is developed to explain dominance patterns, and seasonal life-history responses are considered. Key words: Lemna, duckweed, competition, interaction, resources, light, nutrients.

Finally, Our Own Brown! (?)

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifat Bitton
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
The Other ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
High Court ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Us Supreme Court ◽  
Distinctive Group ◽  
Contextual Reality

The decision in Noar Kahalacha, an anti-segregation in education case that was recently delivered by the Israeli High Court of Justice, has been ‘naturally’ celebrated as the ‘Israeli Brown’. But is it? This article points to the differences between the monumental US Supreme Court decision of Brown and the Israeli Brown-equivalent – Noar Kahalacha. It contends that the two cases bear differences that stem from the divergent patterns of discrimination they represent, and that they reflect these differences squarely. The discrimination patterns reflected by the cases differ by virtue of traits that are traditionally overlooked in antidiscrimination theoretical analysis. Comparing the two cases, therefore, allows us an opportunity to revisit the notion of discrimination and its antidote, antidiscrimination. Drawing on the dichotomous concepts of de jure/de facto discrimination and difference/sameness discrimination, the article shows how these dual theoretical notions are determinative in shaping the distinctiveness of each of these cases. While the African American victims in Brown were easily recognised as a distinctive group suffering from de jure discrimination, the Mizrahi victims in Noar Kahalacha – who suffer from de facto discrimination within a Jewish hegemonic society – lacked such clear recognition. Accordingly, the discrimination narrative that Noar Kahalacha provides is very incomplete and carries only limited potential for effective application in future struggles to eliminate discriminatory practices against Mizrahis in Israel. Brown, on the other hand, carries a converse trait. Though criticised, Brown, nevertheless, strongly signifies the recognition by White America of its overarching discriminatory practices, and implies a genuine dedication to break from it. This understanding further illuminates the limitations embedded in the possibility of ‘importing’ highly contextual antidiscrimination jurisprudence from abroad into our system's highly contextual reality of discrimination.

Il filosofo e il cineasta. Una discussione sull'immagine cinematografica

PARADIGMI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Mauro Carbone
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Christian Metz ◽  
Negative Judgement

- Image The present article focuses on two topics underlying the lecture given by Maurice Merleau-Ponty in 1945 at the Institut des Hautes Études Cinématographiques, in Paris. One is the reflection on the peculiarities of filmic expression and cinematic image; the other, the convergence between the inspiration of cinema and that of philosophy, which Merleau-Ponty sees as a significant feature of his time: a convergence which the cinema of the nouvelle vague was also to acknowledge and which Christian Metz was to confirm retrospectively. Moreover, in developing both topics, the author finds a way to interpret Merleau-Ponty's lecture as an undeclared polemical response to Henri Bergson's famous negative judgement on cinema.Key words: Cinematic Image, Gestalt Psychology, Melody, Montage, Perception, Rhythm.Parole chiave: Dinamica di legittimazione, Immagine, Identitŕ, Narrazione, Soggetto, Tempo.

Benessere tra differenze e disuguaglianze di genere in salute

2012 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Rita Biancheri
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Life Context ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Sick Individual

Up to now, in the traditional biomedical paradigm the terms "sex" and "gender" have either been used synonymously and the insertion of gender among the determining elements of conditions of wellbeing/disease has been difficult, and obstructed by disciplinary rigidities that retarded the acceptance of an approach which had already been largely found to be valid in other areas of research. The effected simplification demonstrated its limitations in describing the theme of health; but if, on the one hand, there has been a growing awareness of a subject which can in no way be considered "neutral", on the other hand there continues to be insufficient attention, both in theoretical analysis and in empirical research, given to female differences. The article is intended to support that the sick individual is a person, with his/her genetic heritage, his/her own cultural acquisitions and personal history, and own surrounding life context; but these and similar factors have not traditionally been taken into consideration by official medicine and welfare systems, despite a hoped-for socio-health integration.

Analysing the Self-Efficacy Levels of Coaches of Different Branches

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2206-2209
Author(s):  
Nahit Özdayi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Other Hand

Aim: This paper aims to analyse the self-efficacies of coaches of different branches. Methods: This study, which was conducted by using coach self-efficacy scale, reached totally 192 volunteering coaches who lived in Çanakkale and Balıkesir. The data collected were then analysed on the SPSS programme. The kurtosis and skewness values were examined so as to check the distribution of the data, and consequently, the data were found to have normal distribution. Results: As a result, statistically significant differences were found between the coaches aged 28-32 and coaches aged 33-37 in their levels of self-efficacy in general and in the sub-factor of efficacy in impersonating. Accordingly, the coaches who were in 28-32 age group had higher self-efficacy and efficacy in impersonating than the ones who were in 33-37 age group. On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences between the participants’ levels of self-efficacy according to gender, branch and professional experience. Conclusion: The coaches in the 28-32 age group were found to have higher self-efficacy and efficacy in impersonating than the coaches in the 33-37 age group on examining the results obtained. No differences were found between the participants in the other factors. Key Words: Self-efficacy, coaches, sport

scholarly journals Corporate entrepreneurship - Distilling the concept

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colene Hind ◽  
Renier Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strategic Renewal ◽  
Corporate Venturing ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Conceptual Confusion ◽  
Level Of Agreement

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) is credited for many positive organisational outcomes, including systemic growth and increased revenue. Several terms associated with CE, including strategic renewal, corporate venturing and intrapreneurship are frequently used interchangeably and often confuse scholars, researchers and practitioners. The lack of clarity about the exact meaning of these terms is detrimental to the synergy in the current body of knowledge and the development of models involving these concepts. Objective: The aim of this paper was to describe CE as a unique concept, distinguishable from related concepts. Methodology: Several definitions of CE as well as the related terms were dissected, to identify core elements associated with each of them. The validity of these comprehensive definitions was tested by requesting 68 master’s degree students to classify the definitions. Inter-rater reliabilities were calculated in order to assess the level of agreement in the classification of the constructs. Results: The results indicate that CE is difficult to distinguish from strategic renewal and corporate venturing, but that intrapreneurship seems to be better defined and separate from the other constructs. Conclusion: These results emphasise the conceptual confusion that exists around CE and the need for further clarification of terminology.</p><p><strong>KEY WORDS</strong></p><p>Corporate entrepreneurship, strategic renewal, corporate venturing, intrapreneurship.</p>

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