Utilization of induction and quenching kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence for in vivo salinity screening studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum vars. Kharchia-65 and Fielder)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankaran KrishnaRaj ◽  
Bruce T. Mawson ◽  
Edward C. Yeung ◽  
Trevor A. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
In Vivo Screening ◽  
Kinetics Of

The potential of utilizing induction and quenching kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence as consistent and reliable markers for in vivo salt (sodium sulphate) tolerance screening studies was investigated by comparing two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties with varying responses to salinity, viz. Kharchia-65 (salt-tolerant) and Fielder (salt-susceptible). Three-week-old seedlings were treated with a range of salt concentrations (0 to 2%) over a 1- to 2-week period. Both the maximum rates of fluorescence induction and quenching measured from leaf sections decreased significantly in Fielder compared with Kharchia-65 as the salt concentration increased. Alterations in other fluorescence parameters, such as the maximum yield of fluorescence signal in the absence and presence of 3(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea by the variety Fielder indicated a minimal reduction in the size of the primary electron acceptor pool associated with photosystem II following salt stress. In contrast, these parameters were altered to a lesser extent by salt treatments in Kharchia-65. The effect of salinity stress on leaf morphology of both varieties indicated no major anatomical alterations apart from a negligible increase in leaf thickness. Total chlorophyll content of Kharchia-65 increased significantly as a result of salt stress, owing to an increase in both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, whereas Fielder showed no significant variations. The results indicate that total fluorescence quenching and maximum rates of both induction and quenching appear to be reliable indicators for in vivo screening of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., wheat, chlorophyll a fluorescence, salt stress, in vivo screening.

scholarly journals Assessing the Adaptive Mechanisms of Two Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes to Salinity Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Ulkar Ibrahimova ◽  
Zarifa Suleymanova ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Alamdar Mammadov ◽  
Omar M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

This work deals with the assessment of physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress, as well as the regulation of the expression of the K+/Na+ transporter gene-TaHKT1;5 of two Triticum aestivum L. genotypes with contrasting tolerance. According to the observations, salinity stress caused lipid peroxidation; accumulation of soluble sugars and proline; decreased osmotic potential, Fv/Fm value, and K+/Na+ ratio; and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in both genotypes. In the salt-tolerant genotype, the activity of enzymes, the amounts of soluble sugars and proline were higher, the osmotic potential and the lipid peroxidation were lower than in the sensitive one, and the Fv/Fm value remained unchanged. A comparison of the accumulation of Na+ and K+ ions in the roots and leaves showed that the Na+ content in the leaves is lower. The selective transport of K+ ions from roots to leaves was more efficient in the salt-tolerant genotype Mirbashir-128; consequently, the K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves and roots of this genotype was higher compared with the sensitive Fatima genotype. The semi-quantitative RT-PCR expression experiments on TaHKT1;5 indicated that this gene was not expressed in the leaf of the wheat genotypes. Under salt stress, the expression level of the TaHKT1;5 gene increased in the root tissues of the salt-sensitive genotype, while it decreased in the salt-tolerant wheat genotype. The results obtained suggest that the ion status and salt tolerance of the wheat genotypes are related to the TaHKT1;5 gene activity.

scholarly journals Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zebus Sehar ◽  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
Md. Tabish Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Buthionine Sulfoximine ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Glucose Sensitivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Stressful Environments

AbstractEthylene plays a crucial role throughout the life cycle of plants under optimal and stressful environments. The present study reports the involvement of exogenously sourced ethylene (as ethephon; 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) in the protection of the photosynthetic activity from glucose (Glu) sensitivity through its influence on the antioxidant system for adaptation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under salt stress. Ten-day-old plants were subjected to control and 100 mM NaCl and treated with 200 µl L−1 ethephon on foliage at 20 days after seed sowing individually or in combination with 6% Glu. Plants receiving ethylene exhibited higher growth and photosynthesis through reduced Glu sensitivity in the presence of salt stress. Moreover, ethylene-induced reduced glutathione (GSH) production resulted in increased psbA and psbB expression to protect PSII activity and photosynthesis under salt stress. The use of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), GSH biosynthesis inhibitor, substantiated the involvement of ethylene-induced GSH in the reversal of Glu-mediated photosynthetic repression in salt-stressed plants. It was suggested that ethylene increased the utilization of Glu under salt stress through its influence on photosynthetic potential and sink strength and reduced the Glu-mediated repression of photosynthesis.

scholarly journals SENSITIVITY TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS OF PRATA,JAPIRA AND VITÓRIA BANANA CULTIVARS PROVEN BY CHLOROPHYLL a FLUORESCENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRISCILA NOBRES DOS SANTOS ◽  
DIOLINA MOURA SILVA ◽  
CAMILLA ZANOTTI GALLON ◽  
JOSÉ AIRES VENTURA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Two Stages

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses to environmental stress during pre- and post-harvest of the following banana cultivars: Prata (AAB), Japira (AAAB) and Vitoria (AAAB). Analyses were carried out on young plants at vegetative stage (daughter-plant) and adult plants at reproductive stage (motherplant). The experimental design was completely randomized. In the in vivo pre-harvest analysis were used seven replications, in a factorial scheme (3x2x2), three cultivars and two stages (vegetative and reproductive) and two collection periods (March and June). For the analysis of post-harvest quality were used five replications in a factorial design (3x2x5), corresponding to three cultivars, two development stages and five periods of post-harvest analysis, carried out every two days from stage 4 of fruit ripening. The chlorophyll a fluorescence emission kinetics showed low photochemical performance of the three cultivars in June, a period characterized by lower temperatures and water deficit. Prata was the cultivar with the lowest tolerance to abiotic physiological behavior changes, which also reflected in fruit quality, because there was a change in physical and physicochemical parameters. Japira and Vitoria cultivars showed similar physiological responses in the pre- and post-harvest periods, according to their phylogenetic proximity. The total performance index, i.e., the conservation of energy absorbed by PSII up to the reduction of the final PSI acceptors (PItotal) and the di-malonic aldehyde (MDA) content were significantly higher in Japira and Vitoria cultivars compared to Prata cultivar in the reproductive phase. There was no significant change in the potential quantum efficiency of PSII (FV / FM = jP0) among the three cultivars. It was concluded that Japira and Vitoria cultivars showed greater plasticity to tolerate or even adapt to abiotic variations keeping higher fruit yield. PItotal is the most sensitive parameter during the banana life cycle and important tool for distinguishing different cultivars yields.

scholarly journals Morpho- biochemical evaluation of Brassica rapa sub-species for salt tolerance

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Jan ◽  
Zabta Shinwari ◽  
Malik Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Maximum Tolerance ◽  
Yellow Type

Salt stress is one of the key abiotic stresses that affect both the qualitative and quantitative characters of many Brassica rapa sub-species by disturbing its normal morphobiochemical processes. Therefore, the present research work was designed to study the effect of different NaCl events (0, 50,100 and 150 mmol) on morphological and biochemical characters and to screen salt tolerant genotypes among brown, yellow and toria types of B. rapa sub-species. The plants were grown in test tubes with addition of four level of NaCl (0, 50,100 and 150 mmol). The effect of salinity on shoot and root length, shoot/ root fresh and dry weight, relative water content (RWC), proline and chlorophyll a, b, a+b contents was recorded after 4 weeks of sowing. The genotype 22861 (brown type) showed excellent morphological and biochemical performance at all stress levels followed by Toria-Sathi and Toria-A respectively as compared to Check variety TS-1. The genotype 26158 (yellow type) gave very poor performance and retard growth. The %RWC values and chlorophyll a, b and a+b contents were decreased several folds with the increase of salt concentration. While, the proline contents was increased with raising of salt stress. The brown and toria types showed maximum tolerance to salt stress at early germination stages as compare to yellows one. The present study will serve as model to develop quick salt tolerant genotypes among different plant sub-species against salt stress.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll a fluorescence as indicative of the salt stress on Brassica napus L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Antonio Bacarin ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Fabio Sergio Paulino da Silva ◽  
Daniela Cassol ◽  
Diolina Moura Silva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Brassica Napus L
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