An assessment of spruce growth response specificity after inoculation with coexistent rhizosphere bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2347-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. O'Neill ◽  
C. P. Chanway ◽  
P. E. Axelrood ◽  
R. A. Radley ◽  
F. B. Holl
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Response Specificity

The influence of inoculation with rhizosphere bacteria on hybrid spruce (Picea glauca × engelmannii) seedling growth was investigated by isolating bacteria from the rhizosphere of naturally regenerating spruce seedlings collected from two ecologically distinct zones of British Columbia. Forty bacterial strains from spruce were screened in a seedling growth experiment, and several strains were shown to stimulate spruce seedling growth. The three most effective spruce growth promoting strains from each ecological zone were then tested in a seedling growth response specificity experiment in which seed, soil, and bacteria from both spruce ecosystems were examined in all possible treatment combinations, including pasteurized soil. Spruce seedling growth was primarily affected by seed and soil source (Salmon Arm > Mackenzie for both factors), and by soil pasteurization (pasteurized > unpasteurized). Significant growth effects due to bacterial treatment in the specificity experiment occurred only in pasteurized soil, but seedling biomass accumulation was stimulated by up to 59% in response to inoculation. There was no evidence of growth response specificity that was related to plant – bacteria adaptation within spruce ecotypes; two of the Mackenzie bacterial strains significantly inhibited growth of Mackenzie seedlings in Mackenzie soil, but two strains stimulated the growth of Salmon Arm seedlings, one in each soil type. Two Salmon Arm strains significantly stimulated growth of Mackenzie seedlings on Salmon Arm soil, and two strains stimulated the growth of Salmon Arm seedlings, one in each soil type. Seedling biomass was greater when treatments of spruce seed, soil, and rhizosphere bacteria that originated from the same geographic site were pooled and compared with treatments in which at least one factor originated from the other site. However, this effect was explained by the significant seed × soil interaction in the absence of bacteria; mean seedling biomass was greatest when spruce seed and soil treatments with the same geographic origin were pooled and compared with unrelated seed – soil combinations. Seedlings from pooled treatments were also significantly larger when bacteria and soil had a common geographic origin, but only when tested in pasteurized soil. Our results indicate that spruce growth promoting rhizosphere bacteria can be isolated from naturally regenerating spruce seedlings, but growth response variability was observed between trials. Seedling growth promotion by bacterial strains was not related to the use of spruce ecotypes, soil, and (or) rhizosphere bacteria with a common geographic origin. Key words: spruce seedlings, growth, inoculation, rhizosphere bacteria.

Influence of soil biota on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedling growth: the role of rhizosphere bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Chanway ◽  
F. B. Holl
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Sowing Seed

The influence of soil biota on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedling growth was investigated by sowing seed collected from two ecologically distinct zones in British Columbia, Chilliwack and Williams Lake, in soil collected from the same two areas. Seedling biomass of both Douglas-fir ecotypes was greatest in unpasteurized soil collected from the same area as was the seed, but pasteurization negated this effect. In addition, Chilliwack seedlings responded specifically to biota present only in Chilliwack soil. To determine if rhizosphere bacteria were involved in these growth responses, bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of wild Douglas-fir seedlings collected from both locations, and putative growth promoting bacteria were selected in a screening experiment. Selected bacteria were then tested for seedling growth response specificity using a factorial design in which seed, soil, and bacteria from both locations were evaluated in all combinations. Inoculation of Douglas-fir seed with some of the selected bacterial isolates increased seedling biomass in pasteurized soil to a level similar to that of seedlings grown in unpasteurized soil, but there was no evidence that adaptive relationships involving bacteria, Douglas-fir, and the soil in which they naturally grew were important in effecting seedling growth promotion. However, Douglas-fir shoot biomass increased 39% and root biomass 68% after bacterial inoculation in some treatment combinations involving pasteurized soil. Key words: Douglas-fir seedlings, growth, rhizosphere bacteria.

First year field performance of spruce seedlings inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Chanway ◽  
F. B. Holl
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The influence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on field performance of hybrid spruce (Picea glauca × engelmannii) was investigated by inoculating seedlings with rhizobacteria capable of stimulating seedling growth in a controlled environment. Two spruce ecotypes (from Mackenzie and Salmon Arm, British Columbia) and two bacterial strains previously isolated from naturally regenerating seedlings of each spruce ecotype were evaluated. Planting trials were conducted in the ecosystem from which each spruce ecotype and associated bacterial strain were originally collected, and at two alternative sites. Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava, which was isolated from Mackenzie spruce seedlings, caused increases in seedling biomass or branch number of up to 49%, but was most effective as a root growth promoter of the Salmon Arm spruce ecotype. Pseudomonas putida, which originated from Salmon Arm spruce seedlings, increased seedling biomass or branch number in two trials, but had inhibitory effects in three others. There was no indication that growth promotion was related to a common ecotypic origin of seedlings and rhizobacteria, or that bacteria were more effective in the ecosystem from which they were originally isolated. However, Salmon Arm spruce growth promotion by H. pseudoflava was greatest at the poorest quality planting site.Key words: field trials, inoculation, PGPR, spruce.

scholarly journals The Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria with Biostimulant Features on the Growth of a Local Onion Cultivar and a Commercial Zucchini Variety

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Giorgia Novello ◽  
Patrizia Cesaro ◽  
Elisa Bona ◽  
Nadia Massa ◽  
Fabio Gosetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Onion Cultivar ◽  
Growth Promoting

The reduction of chemical inputs due to fertilizer and pesticide applications is a target shared both by farmers and consumers in order to minimize the side effects for human and environmental health. Among the possible strategies, the use of biostimulants has become increasingly important as demonstrated by the fast growth of their global market and by the increased rate of registration of new products. In this work, we assessed the effects of five bacterial strains (Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf4, P. putida S1Pf1, P. protegens Pf7, P. migulae 8R6, and Pseudomonas sp. 5Vm1K), which were chosen according to their previously reported plant growth promotion traits and their positive effects on fruit/seed nutrient contents, on a local onion cultivar and on zucchini. The possible variations induced by the inoculation with the bacterial strains on the onion nutritional components were also evaluated. Inoculation resulted in significant growth stimulation and improvement of the mineral concentration of the onion bulb, induced particularly by 5Vm1K and S1Pf1, and in different effects on the flowering of the zucchini plants according to the bacterial strain. The present study provides new information regarding the activity of the five plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains on onion and zucchini, two plant species rarely considered by the scientific literature despite their economic relevance.

THE BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE IN SNELL'S DWARF MICE: EFFECTS OF THYROXINE AND PROLACTIN ON THE DOSE—RESPONSE CURVE

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. WALLIS ◽  
JENNIFER A. DEW
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARY Pituitary growth hormone has a dose-dependent growth promoting effect in pituitary dwarf mice (Snell's strain), and this effect can be used as the basis of a bioassay for the hormone. Prolactin and thyroxine also promote growth in these animals, and the effects of these hormones in combination with growth hormone were studied, in order to see whether their presence might enhance the precision or sensitivity of the growth hormone assay. When prolactin and/or thyroxine were administered with growth hormone, the growth response observed was no greater than the sum of the effects of the hormones given separately; in some cases it was less. Neither prolactin nor thyroxine increase the sensitivity or precision of the growth hormone bioassay. The implications of these results for theories about the mechanisms of growth promotion by these hormones are considered.

Colonization and growth promotion of outplanted spruce seedlings pre-inoculated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the greenhouse

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Shishido ◽  
Christopher P Chanway
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Seeds of two hybrid spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) ecotypes were inoculated with one of six plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains previously shown to be able to stimulate spruce growth in controlled environments. The resulting seedlings were grown in the greenhouse for 17 weeks before outplanting at four reforestation sites. Inoculation with five of the six strains caused significant seedling growth promotion in the greenhouse, which necessitated analysis of relative growth rates (RGR) to evaluate seedling performance in the field. Four months after outplanting, most strains enhanced spruce shoot or root RGRs in the field, but seedling growth responses were strain specific. For example, Pseudomonas strain Ss2-RN significantly increased both shoot and root RGRs by 10-234% at all sites, but increases of 28-70% were most common. In contrast, Bacillus strain S20-R was ineffective at all outplanting sites. In addition, seedlings inoculated with four of the six strains had significantly less shoot injury than control seedlings at all sites. Evaluation of root colonization by PGPR indicated that bacterial population declines were not related to spruce growth response variability in the field. Our results indicate that once plant growth promotion is induced in the greenhouse, seedling RGR can increase by more than 100% during the first growing season in the field. However RGR increases of 21-47% were more common and may be more representative of the magnitude of biomass increases that can result from PGPR inoculation.

scholarly journals Effects of rhizobacteria on the respiration and growth of Cerasus sachalinensis Kom. seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijun Qin ◽  
Wenjie Zhou ◽  
Zhixia Li ◽  
Deguo Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Pathway ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Microbial Group ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Soil Environmental Factors ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

In this study, we investigated the influence of rhizosphere microorganisms on seed germination and root metabolism in Cerasus sachalinensis Kom. We inoculated C. sachalinensis plants with suspensions of dominant bacterial strains isolated from their rhizosphere. Four bacterial strains each with significant growth-promoting or growth-inhibiting effects were screened from the efficient root-colonizing microorganisms. The number of actinomycetes increased and that of fungi decreased significantly in the seedling rhizospheres after rhizobacteria treatment. The growth-promoting bacteria slightly affected the respiration rates and respiratory pathway enzymes, but significantly improved root viability, root carbohydrate concentration and seedling growth. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens were identified as the growth-promoting rhizobacteria; one strain could not be identified. After inoculation with the growth-inhibiting bacteria, the number of fungal colonies in the seedling rhizospheres increased and root viability and respiration rate as well as starch and sucrose accumulation in the roots significantly decreased. The glycolysis, pentose phosphate and alternative oxidase pathways became the major pathways of respiratory metabolism after inoculation with the growth-inhibiting bacteria. The height, leaf number, growth and dry weight of the seedlings decreased significantly in plants inoculated with the growth-inhibiting bacteria. Inoculation of C. sachalinensis rhizosphere with growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting bacteria affected the soil environmental factors such as microbial group composition, nutrient concentration and seedling biomass.

scholarly journals Growth-Promoting Potential of Rhizobacteria Isolated From Sugarcane

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Mendes dos Santos ◽  
Everlon Cid Rigobelo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Growth Promoting

The search for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) addresses the ongoing need for new bioinoculants to be used on various agricultural crop species, including sugarcane. Bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane plants and identified by sequencing the 16S ribosomal gene. The main indole acetic acid producers were Enterobacter sp. IP11, Enterobacter sp. IP14, and E. asburiae IP24. Achromobacter spanius IP23 presented the highest levels of cellulolytic activity and potassium solubilization. Bacillus thuringiensis IP21 and Staphylococcus saprophyticus IJ8 showed the highest levels of fixed nitrogen. The levels of calcium phosphate and aluminum phosphate in B. thuringiensis IP21 were notable, as this strain solubilized 481.00 and 39.33 mg of phosphorus mL−1, respectively; however, for Araxá apatite, the results for B. anthracis IP17 were notable (622.99 mg phosphorus mL−1), while for iron phosphate solubilization, Enterobacter sp. IP14, which solubilized 105.66 mg phosphorus mL−1 was notable. The B. thuringiensis IP21 and Enterobacter sp. IP11 isolates promoted the growth of the tallest sugarcane plants, inducing increases of 14.1 and 10.4% relative to the control plants, respectively. For shoot dry matter, root dry matter, and total dry matter, plants inoculated with Enterobacter sp. IP14, B. anthracis IP17, and A. spanius IP23 presented higher values than the controls. Furthermore, plants inoculated with B. thuringiensis IP21 presented higher root dry matter and total dry matter values, and those inoculated with Enterobacter sp. IP14 also presented higher total dry matter values. These results indicate that bacteria with the potential for use as future inoculants should be investigated since bacteria with plant growth-related characteristics may not impact growth promotion.

scholarly journals Plant growth promotion of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by potassium solubilizing bacteria with multifarious plant growth promoting attributes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Tanvir Kaur ◽  
Rubee Devi ◽  
Divjot Kour ◽  
Ashok Yadav ◽  
Ajar Nath Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Potassium (K) is the foremost macronutrients for growth of plant, soil health and fertility. The huge application of NPK chemical fertilizers negatively impacts the economy and is a threat to environmental sustainability. The rapid depletion of K mineral in soil is due to the application of agrochemicals agricultural fields for the production of crops in India. In present investigation, K-solubilizing microbes (KSM) were isolated and enumerated from cereal crops growing in Sirmour Himachal Pradesh. A total 125 bacteria were isolated and screened for K- solubilization on Aleksandrov agar plates and found that 31 bacterial strains exhibited K-solubilization. These 31 K-solubilizing strains of bacteria were additionally screened for other plant growth promoting (PGP) potential including solubilization of minerals, production of siderophores, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and indole acetic acids. The performance of an efficient K-solubilizer was evaluated for plant growth promoting ability in pot assay under in vitro conditions. The strain EU-LWNA-25 positively influenced shoot length, fresh weight, carotenoids and total sugar content than the full dose, half dose and control. The strain enhancing physiological and growth parameters was identified by BLASTn analysis as Pseudomonas gessardii EU-LWNA-25. K-solubilizing plant growth promoting bacteria could be suitable bioinoculants for Rabi seasonal crops and overcomes the challenges of sustainable agriculture in K-deficient soil.

scholarly journals Root-specific camalexin biosynthesis controls the plant growth-promoting effects of multiple bacterial strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (31) ◽  
pp. 15735-15744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Koprivova ◽  
Stefan Schuck ◽  
Richard P. Jacoby ◽  
Irene Klinkhammer ◽  
Bastian Welter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Sulfatase Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plants in their natural ecosystems interact with numerous microorganisms, but how they influence their microbiota is still elusive. We observed that sulfatase activity in soil, which can be used as a measure of rhizosphere microbial activity, is differently affected by Arabidopsis accessions. Following a genome-wide association analysis of the variation in sulfatase activity we identified a candidate gene encoding an uncharacterized cytochrome P450, CYP71A27. Loss of this gene resulted in 2 different and independent microbiota-specific phenotypes: A lower sulfatase activity in the rhizosphere and a loss of plant growth-promoting effect by Pseudomonas sp. CH267. On the other hand, tolerance to leaf pathogens was not affected, which agreed with prevalent expression of CYP71A27 in the root vasculature. The phenotypes of cyp71A27 mutant were similar to those of cyp71A12 and cyp71A13, known mutants in synthesis of camalexin, a sulfur-containing indolic defense compound. Indeed, the cyp71A27 mutant accumulated less camalexin in the roots upon elicitation with silver nitrate or flagellin. Importantly, addition of camalexin complemented both the sulfatase activity and the loss of plant growth promotion by Pseudomonas sp. CH267. Two alleles of CYP71A27 were identified among Arabidopsis accessions, differing by a substitution of Glu373 by Gln, which correlated with the ability to induce camalexin synthesis and to gain fresh weight in response to Pseudomonas sp. CH267. Thus, CYP71A27 is an additional component in the camalexin synthesis pathway, contributing specifically to the control of plant microbe interactions in the root.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid causing charcoal rot disease in Lycopersicon esculentum L. by using multi species bacterial consortia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
R.C. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (LEP1-LEP31) were isolated from rhizosphere of Lycopersicon esculentum L. (Tomato) and screened for their plant growth promoting (PGP) activities. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical, carbon source utilization and molecular characterization, these strains were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Azotobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. For antagonistic activities all the strains were subject to the chitinase activities by the development of clear halo around the inoculated bacterial spots when loaded on chitin (0.2%) supplemented mediumBased on pot and field trial results of individual strains and consortium application, it may be concluded that all the three strains i.e. Pseudomonas sp. LEP17, Azotobacter sp. strain LEP21 and Bacillus sp. strain LEP25 showed plant growth promoting effects. The growth promotion provided by these strains was apparently related to improve shoot and root development, which resulted in better nutrient uptake capability and suppression of plant pathogen. All these three strains were superior in this regard because they provided the best and most consistent effects on growth and yield of L. esculentum. All these strains Pseudomonas sp. LEP17, Azotobacter sp. strain LEP21, Bacillus sp. strain LEP25 and their consortium seems to be suitable for use as a plant growth promoting and improvement of growth and yield

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