The effect of abscisic acid and abscisic acid metabolites on the germination of cress seed

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1550-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Gusta ◽  
B. Ewan ◽  
M. J. T. Reaney ◽  
S. R. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Phaseic Acid ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Cress Seed ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
Aba Analogs ◽  
Optically Pure

Optical isomers of abscisic acid (ABA) and racemic mixtures of both abscisic acid and abscisic acid metabolites were studied to determine their effects on the emergence of root primordia and cotyledons from cress seed. The relative emergence sensitivity of cress seed to the racemic compounds was (±)-ABA aldehyde ≥ (±)-ABA alcohol > (±)-ABA > (±)7′-hydroxy ABA > (±)-phaseic acid. Thus ABA and ABA precursors were effective inhibitors whereas the ABA catabolites, phaseic acid, and 7′-hydroxy ABA had little or no effect on germination. The naturally occurring optically pure enantiomer (+)ABA was a more potent germination inhibitor than synthetic (−)-ABA. An ABA analog, 2′,3′-cis dihydro ABA (DHABA), that is not metabolized to phaseic acid was also studied for inhibitory activity. Although optically pure DHABA has the same configuration at C-1 as (+)-ABA, it was less inhibitory than (+)-ABA and its (−) enantiomer was inactive. The pattern of activity observed in treatments with the enantiomers of DHABA indicates that the configuration at C-1′ is important for maximum inhibition of cress seed germination. It also suggests that in contrast to monocot seeds, the formation of phaseic acid is not required for the inhibition of cress seed germination. Key words: abscisic acid, phaseic acid, ABA alcohol, ABA aldehyde, 7′OHABA, germination, ABA analogs.

Interaction of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid on the inhibition of seed germination and the induction of freezing tolerance

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Wilen ◽  
Bruce E. Ewan ◽  
Lawrence V. Gusta
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Suspension Cell Culture ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Cress Seed ◽  
Key Words Abscisic Acid

The possible interaction of the two growth regulators, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid, on the inhibition of seed germination and the induction of freezing tolerance in bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) cell cultures was investigated. Both of these processes are known to be affected by exogenous abscisic acid. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), cornflower (Centurae gynura), cress seed (Lepidium sativum), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds were treated with varying concentrations of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid, either alone or in combination. In all species, seed germination was inhibited by 10 μM abscisic acid at 23 °C. In contrast, at 23 °C, jasmonic acid was partially inhibitory only at 100 μM; however, 10 μM jasmonic acid inhibited germination in all species at 10 °C. Jasmonic acid in combination with abscisic acid resulted in a higher degree of germination inhibition at 23 °C in all species than either growth regulator applied separately. Treatment of a bromegrass suspension cell culture with 75 μM abscisic acid at 25 °C for 7 days increased the freezing tolerance from −10 °C to lower than −35 °C. In contrast, jasmonic acid (0.25–75 μM) had no detectable effect on freezing tolerance. Jasmonic acid in combination with suboptimal concentrations of abscisic acid, however, enhanced the abscisic acid-induced freezing tolerance in these cells. In contrast, a combination of 75 μM abscisic acid and 25 or 75 μM jasmonic acid reduced the freezing tolerance of these cells compared with treatment with abscisic acid alone. Key words: abscisic acid, freezing tolerance, germination, jasmonic acid.

Involvement of abscisic acid metabolites and the oxidative status of barley genotypes in response to drought

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1481-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thameur ◽  
A. Ferchichi ◽  
M. López-Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phaseic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
Glucosyl Ester ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Thameur, A., Ferchichi, A. and López-Carbonell, M. 2014. Involvement of abscisic acid metabolites and the oxidative status of barley genotypes in response to drought. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1481–1490. Endogenous concentrations of free abscisic acid (ABA), abscisic acid glucosyl ester (ABAGE), phaseic acid (PA), dihydrophaseic acid (DPA) and 7′-hydroxy ABA (7′-OH ABA) were analysed by means of a LC–MS/MS system in five genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown under well-watered and drought stress conditions. For this purpose a drought treatment was conducted using genotypes: ‘Ardahoui’, ‘Manel’, ‘Pakistan’, ‘Rihane’ and ‘Roho’. Our results show that free and conjugated ABA levels increased in all genotypes grown under water stress, except in Manel genotype, in which ABAGE levels were the lowest. In contrast, genotypes Ardhaoui and Roho showed the highest ABA and ABAGE levels. Nevertheless, drought Rihane plants showed the maximum ability to increase the endogenous ABA concentrations. PA, DPA and 7′-OH ABA increased also in all drought genotypes, especially in the leaves of Manel and Roho genotypes, while the highest ability to increase the endogenous PA content corresponded to genotypes Ardahoui and Pakistan. To evaluate the plant oxidative status, some antioxidant compounds were analysed. Under drought conditions, small changes in some of them were seen. Among the genotypes studied, Manel was the only one which did not show increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and, in parallel, showed a decrease in ABAGE content. These results provide us valuable information and contribute to the knowledge of the different responses of these genotypes to drought stress.

scholarly journals Enantioenriched Positive Allosteric Modulators Display Distinct Pharmacology at the Dopamine D1 Receptor

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3799
Author(s):  
Tim J. Fyfe ◽  
Peter J. Scammells ◽  
J. Robert Lane ◽  
Ben Capuano
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine D1 Receptor ◽  
D1 Receptor ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Allosteric Modulators ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Allosteric Properties

(1) Background: Two first-in-class racemic dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) chemotypes (1 and 2) were identified from a high-throughput screen. In particular, due to its selectivity for the D1R and reported lack of intrinsic activity, compound 2 shows promise as a starting point toward the development of small molecule allosteric modulators to ameliorate the cognitive deficits associated with some neuropsychiatric disease states; (2) Methods: Herein, we describe the enantioenrichment of optical isomers of 2 using chiral auxiliaries derived from (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (d- and l-pantolactone, respectively); (3) Results: We confirm both the racemate and enantiomers of 2 are active and selective for the D1R, but that the respective stereoisomers show a significant difference in their affinity and magnitude of positive allosteric cooperativity with dopamine; (4) Conclusions: These data warrant further investigation of asymmetric syntheses of optically pure analogues of 2 for the development of D1R PAMs with superior allosteric properties.

GC-MS identification of abscisic acid and abscisic acid metabolites in seed of Vigna unguiculata

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinbo A. Adesomoju ◽  
Joseph I. Okogun ◽  
Donald E.U. Ekong ◽  
Paul Gaskin
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Acid Metabolites

Abscisic acid controls embryo growth potential and endosperm cap weakening during coffee (Coffea arabica cv. Rubi) seed germination

Planta ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Amaral da Silva ◽  
Peter E. Toorop ◽  
Adriaan C. van Aelst ◽  
Henk W. M. Hilhorst
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Growth Potential

scholarly journals Effects of hormonal priming on seed germination of pigeon pea under cadmium stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1847-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARISSA C. SNEIDERIS ◽  
MARINA A. GAVASSI ◽  
MARCELO L. CAMPOS ◽  
VICTOR D'AMICO-DAMIÃO ◽  
ROGÉRIO F. CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Hormonal Priming

In this work we investigated whether priming with auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene, alters the physiological responses of seeds of pigeon pea germinated under water and cadmium stress. Seeds treated with water or non-treated seeds were used as control. Although compared to non-treated seeds we found that the hormone treatments improve the germination of pigeon pea under cadmium stress, however, these treatments did not differ from water. However, we also observed a trend of tolerance to the effects of cadmium in the presence of ethylene, suggesting that the use of this hormone may be an efficient method to overcome seed germination under metal stress.

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