Factors affecting red-osier dogwood seed germination

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Acharya ◽  
C. B. Chu ◽  
R. Hermesh ◽  
G. B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cornus Stolonifera ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Seeds from 55 populations of native Alberta red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera Michx.) were collected over 2 years (1984 and 1985) to determine the range of variability for seed germination and the effect of ecoregion and moisture conditions in the collection sites on this trait. Each year the unscarified seeds were stored at 3 °C for 30 days, stratified at 3 °C for an additional 30 days and then incubated on an 8 h light: 16 h dark cycle at a temperature of 25:10 °C (light:dark) for germination. A wide range of germination percentages was observed among populations collected in any 1 year. However, the variability was not due to the ecoregion or moisture condition of the collection site. Germination percentage of populations collected in 1984 and 1985 formed five and seven groups, respectively. A study involving eight sites that were common to 1984, 1985, and 1986 revealed a significant effect of population on seed germination. This population effect was not obscured by the combined effects of year, precipitation, temperature, and seed size. The year effect was significant only when population was used as a covariate. Precipitation during seed formation significantly influenced germination performance even after adjustments were made for population and year. Seed germination in red-osier dogwood appears to be influenced by the population from which the seeds are collected and by yearly environmental fluctuations. Therefore, germination studies in this species must include seeds from diverse populations collected over several years. Key words: red-osier dogwood, Cornus stolonifera Michx., germination, population, environment.

scholarly journals Effects of stimulant pH, light and soil moisture on Orobanche solmsii seed germination

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Anjana Bista
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Soil Moisture Condition ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Moisture Conditions

In order to investigate effect of soil moisture, Orobanche seeds were pre-conditioned in three different soil moisture conditions. The germination percentage was found to be highest (48.31%) in normal soil moisture condition and lowest (4.6%) in flooded soil moisture condition. This indicates that Orobanche seeds are unable to survive for a long period in water logged conditions. In response to stimulant pH, Orobanche solmsii seeds showed significantly a high germination percentage (65.27%) at pH value 6.5 and it declined progressively with the increase of acidic and alkaline conditions. However, seeds appeared to be more sensitive to alkaline rather than acidic condition. The study of effect of light showed that exposure of seeds to continuous light during pre and postconditioning period inhibited seed germination. The inhibition was more effective when seeds were exposed to light during post conditioning phase rather than during pre- conditioning phase.ECOPRINT 22: 57-62, 2015

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Seed Dormancy and Germination of Greater Bur-Parsley (Turgenia latifolia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. REZVANI ◽  
S.A. SADATIAN ◽  
H. NIKKHAHKOUCHAKSARAEI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Drought And Salt Stresses

ABSTRACT: Our knowledge about seed dormancy breaking and environmental factors affecting seed germination of greater bur-parsley (Turgenia latifolia) is restricted. This study has addressed some seed dormancy breaking techniques, including different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), leaching duration, physical scarification as well as some environmental factors effective on seed germination such as salt and drought stresses, pH and seed planting depth. Seed germination was promoted with lower concentrations of KNO3 (0.01 to 0.02 g L-1), while higher concentrations reduced germination percentage. Seed dormancy was declined by low concentrations of GA3 up to 100 ppm. Seeds of greater bur-parsley germinated in a range of pH from 3 to 7. With enhancement of drought and salt stresses, seed germination decreased. Also, there was no seed germination in a high level of stresses. Seedling emergence reduced as planting depth increased. Use of GA3, KNO3, leaching and physical scarification had a positive effect on seed dormancy breaking of greater bur-parsley. The information from the study increases our knowledge about seed dormancy breaking techniques, response of germination to drought and salt stresses and also determination of distribution regions of greater bur-parsley in the future.

scholarly journals Experimental seed germination for ex situ conservation of Mexican Podostemaceae

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Flores-Enríquez ◽  
Guillermo Castillo ◽  
Margarita Collazo-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Collection Site

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Podostemaceae are extremely susceptible to local extinction by habitat loss. Since ~70 % of the river systems in Mexico show some degree of water contamination, it is relevant to generate information about seed storage and germination behavior to design germplasm conservation strategies (<em>e.g</em>., <em>ex situ</em> seed banks) of Mexican podostemads.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses</strong>: Seed germination decreases as seed storage time increases. Further, light quality, temperature and collection site influence similarly the germination response of both species.</p><p><strong>Studied species</strong>: <em>Marathrum foeniculaceum</em> Humb. &amp; Bonpl., <em>Noveloa coulteriana</em> (Tul.)<em> </em>C. Philbrick</p><p><strong>Study site and years of study</strong>: 13 different seeds collections (1996-2013), at four locations in the rivers Horcones and Arroyo del Rincon Jalisco, México. </p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: A germination chamber experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of temperature, light quality and storage time on the germination of both species.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Seeds lose viability after nine years of storage. In both species, the time to reach the highest Accumulated Germination Percentage (AGP) was faster in seeds of one-two yr compared to seeds of six-seven yr. <em>N. coulteriana</em> have significant differences in Final Germination Percentage (FGP) between collection rivers. Storage time affects AGP of <em>N. </em>coulteriana more than in <em>M. foeniculaceum.</em></p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Both species can form <em>ex situ</em> seed banks up to 8 yr age in paper bags storage. <em>N. coulteriana</em> is more susceptible to variation in storage conditions compared to <em>M. </em><em>foeniculaceum</em>. Collection site affect seed germination after storing.  Long-term conventional <em>ex situ</em> seed germination storage is not a viable strategy to conserve germplasm of Podostemaceae.</p>

The influence of sowing method on perennial grass establishment. II. Seedbed microenvironment, germination and emergence

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
WD Bellotti ◽  
GJ Blair
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

'Demeter' tall fescue (Festuca amndinacea Schreb.) and 'Victorian' perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were sown separately into a white clover (Trifolium repens L.) dominant pasture. Eight sowing methods were compared to assess the ability of perennial grasses to germinate and emerge from direct drill sowing methods relative to conventional seedbed and aerial sowing methods. Within direct drill treatments, two drill implements were factorially combined with three herbicide treatments. Soil temperature and moisture conditions were cold and moist, but generally adequate for emergence of temperate pasture species. In-groove soil moisture content was always greatest in the disc plus herbicide treatment. Differences in seed level soil temperatures were minor, although diurnal fluctuations were greatest in the aerial plus herbicide treatment. Emergence of ryegrass at 50 days after sowing was similar in all sowing methods (67.9-93.9% viable seed sown) except for the aerial plus herbicide and disc plus band herbicide methods (23.4 and 44.0% of viable seed sown). There was a wide range of emergence percentages for fescue at 50 days after sowing (17.8-69.2% viable seed sown) and again the aerial plus herbicide treatment was lowest. One-pass, band spraying of a paraquat.diquat plus dicamba herbicide mixture at the time of sowing impaired the germination percentage of ryegrass seeds sown with the disc drill. Apart from the aerial plus herbicide treatment, sufficient seedlings passed through the germination/emergence filter in all direct drill and cultivated seedbed treatments to provide for a productive grass-based pasture.

scholarly journals Seed germination of invasive plant species of the genus Goldenrod (Solidago)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
S. K. Bakei
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Seasonal Climatic Changes

The germination of seeds of invasive compaction of plant species of the genus Solidago was studied in 38 samples selected within the Minsk (17 samples) and Novogrudok (21 samples) Upland in the autumn (14 samples), winter (11 samples) and spring (13 samples) periods 2017–2018 years. Germination of seeds varies in a wide range from 0 to 95%. Also, when registering the results, they revealed the presence of undeveloped seeds, the number of which in the samples ranges from 2 to 95 %. A pronounced feedback was established between the germination of seeds and the number of undeveloped seeds (correlation coefficient –0.97). Between autumn, winter and spring samples there were no statistically significant differences in seed germination and the number of undeveloped seeds. Between the samples selected within the Minsk and Novogrudok Upland, statistically significant differences were revealed both for seed germination (р = 0.00018) and for the number of undeveloped seeds (р = 0.00032). Thus, the dependence of germinating seed germination on seasonal climatic  changes is not revealed. For seed germination, stratification is not required and they are resistant to frost. It is also necessary to conduct additional studies to identify the factors affecting the formation of seeds.

scholarly journals Suitability of Different Gels as Seed Carriers and Germination and Emergence Promoters in Processing Carrots

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan D. Briscoe ◽  
Rajasekaran R. Lada ◽  
Claude D. Caldwell ◽  
Kevin Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Stand establishment is critical for optimizing yield and quality in carrots. Low soil temperatures and moisture conditions often challenge seed germination and emergence. Providing an artificial exosperm with appropriate germination promoters, stress conditioners and growth invigorators to the seed may facilitate uniform germination and emergence. Germination patterns and velocity of germination of `Oranza' carrot was studied. Seeds were mixed in different types of gels at various ratios and incubated at either 5 or 20 °C. Gels used were Laponite RD, Laponite RDS, guar gum, algenic acid, and agar. Data on germination percentage was collected and the velocity of germination was calculated. Germination was delayed at 5 °C. Both at 5 and 20 °C, Laponite RD promoted and enhanced germination and vigor, and resulted in the highest mean germination percentage (90% at 20 °C and 89% at 5 °C). Laponite RD at 2.5% has shown an overall advantage in germination percentage (94% at 20 °C and 87% at 5 °C) over other gel types and concentrations.

scholarly journals Influence of seed size and ecological factors on the germination and emergence of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tanveer ◽  
M Tasneem ◽  
A Khaliq ◽  
M.M Javaid ◽  
M.N Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Mean Germination Time

An understanding of seed germination ecology of weeds can assist in predicting their potential distribution and developing effective management strategies. Influence of environmental factors and seed size on germination and seedling emergence of Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed) was studied in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Germination occurred over a wide range of constant temperatures, between 15 and 40 ºC, with optimum germination between 20 and 25 ºC. Time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time increased while germination percentage and germination index decreased with an increase in temperature from 20 ºC, salinity and osmotic stress. However, germination was tolerant to low salt (25 mM) or osmotic stress (0.2 MPa), but as salinity and osmotic stress increased, germination percentage and germination index decreased. Seeds of C. arvensis placed at soil surface showed maximum emergence and decreased as seeding depth increased. Seeds of C. arvensis germinated over a wide range of pH (4 to 9) but optimum germination occurred at pH 6 to 8. Under highly alkaline and acidic pH, time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time increased while germination percentage and germination index decreased. Increase in field capacity caused decreased time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time but increased germination percentage and germination index. Bigger seeds had low time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time but high germination percentage and germination index. Smaller seeds were more sensitive to environmental factors as compared to larger or medium seeds. It can be concluded that except for pH, all environmental factors and seed sizes adversely affect C. arvensis as regards seed germination or emergence and germination or emergence traits, and larger seeds result in improved stand establishment and faster germination than small seeds, regardless of moisture stress or deeper seeding depth.

scholarly journals Calidad fisiológica de la semilla de sorgo sometido a defoliación y déficit hídrico.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Noé Montes ◽  
V. A. González ◽  
Leopoldo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Stress Treatment ◽  
Sorghum Line ◽  
Differentiation Stage ◽  
Moisture Conditions

The effects of defoliation were studied in sorghum plants subjected to drought stress in pre and post-blooming stages. The quality was appraised on the seed obtained from a sorghum line evaluated under greenhouse conditions in 1991, at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Mexico. The pre-blooming drought stress consisted of withholding the water to the plants at their primary branch differentiation stage, whereas during the post-blooming drought stress, the water was withheld at theearly blooming stage. The defoliation levels (0, 40 and 80% of the total leaf area) were conducted during each drought stress treatment. In general, the germination was reduced as the seed size decreased. The germination percentage was above 80% for the 3 and 3.5 mm seed sizes; while for the 2.5 mm seed size, the germination decreased rapidly in plants that were not defoliated in both moisture conditions. This indicates that adverse factors such as drought stress and defoliation can reduce seed size, but it the same time it can also stimulate the seed germination.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Seed Germination and Establishment of an Efficient Germination Method in Sugar Pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.)

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiuli Shen ◽  
Myeong-Je Cho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Pinus Lambertiana ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sugar Pine ◽  
Artificial Opening ◽  
Viable Seeds

Mature sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) trees produce large amounts of viable seeds but have seed dormancy. In this study, we used three sugar pine genotypes, 8877, 9306, and 9375, to test seed germination response. Seed germination from local sources varied greatly, and germination percentages were poor. There was a large variation in seed size and seed weight among the genotypes. Seeds of 9375 and 9306 were significantly larger and heavier (30.7 and 28.8 g/100 seeds, respectively) than 8877 (23.6 g/100 seeds). Three types of seeds—intact seeds, hulled seeds, and naked embryos—were examined for germination. Intact seeds failed to germinate due to the physical restraint and water impermeability of the seed. Chemical scarification with 5 m hydrochloric acid and 5 m sodium hydroxide did not soften the hard seedcoat and also failed to induce any germination of intact seeds. Hulled seeds resulted in an extremely low germination percentage (≤5%) with abnormal seedling development even though the endosperm was water permeable. Germination of the hulled seeds was not increased by adding 1 mg·L−1 gibberellic acid to the culture medium. Artificial opening of the hulled seeds created by longitudinal or horizontal cuts on the endosperm after removal of the seedcoat to avoid physical restraint and allow air exchange also failed to improve germination, indicating that inhibitors related to germination were present in the endosperm. However, naked embryos of all three genotypes germinated rapidly and uniformly with 70% to 95% germination percentage regardless of cold stratification treatment. Our data indicate that sugar pine seeds from the current source did not have physiological dormancy of embryos themselves, but dormancy was imposed by the seedcoat and endosperm. Using the naked embryos as donor explants, we have successfully established an efficient in vitro culture system. The protocol described here can be applied for the tissue culture and genetic transformation of sugar pine.

scholarly journals Solution pH and Papaya Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 486E-486
Author(s):  
Robin A. DeMeo ◽  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Papaya Seed

Two studies were conducted to determine the influence of pH on papaya seed germination and seedling emergence. The germination test was conducted with `Waimanalo' and `Tainung 1' seeds, using a double layer of filter paper disks in plastic petri dishes placed within a growth chamber. Each dish received 40 seeds, and germination was defined as when the radicle was visible. Disks were wetted daily with nutrient solution adjusted to pH of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. Germination began on day 5, and the study was terminated on day 23. Solution pH did not influence germination rate or ultimate germination percentage. `Waimanalo' exhibited 58% germination and `Tainung 1' exhibited 64% germination in this test. The seedling emergence study was conducted with `Waimanalo' seeds using sand culture within a growth chamber. Thirty seeds were planted in 10-cm containers, and the sand was irrigated daily with the solutions from the first study. Emergence was defined as when the hypocotyl hook was visible above the sand. Emergence began on day 10, and the study was terminated on day 30. Solution pH did not influence seedling emergence, and mean emergence was 69% in this study. The results indicate that the seed germination and seedling emergence stages of papaya seedling growth are adapted to a wide range of substrate pH.

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