Fates of ethanol produced during flooding of sunflower roots

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2408-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. U. Jayasekera ◽  
D. M. Reid ◽  
E. C. Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Adh Activity ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Synthesis

Hypoxic flooding of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Delgren 131) roots caused rapid promotion of ethanol synthesis. Some of the root-synthesized ethanol was retained while a major portion was leaked into the flooding medium. A portion of the root ethanol was transported to shoots via transpirational stream, where some of it was vented out to the air around the leaves. Sunflower roots and shoots have the capacity to utilize ethanol retained by incorporating the carbon from ethanol into lipids, amino and organic acids, and sugars. Removal of ethanol from tissues by leaking, by venting, and by metabolic reutilization may be useful mechanisms that sunflowers use to avoid ethanol accumulation. Shoots of flooded sunflower plants, which are of course important as sources of oxygen and carbohydrates for roots, also act as a sink for root ethanol. More ethanol metabolism may be taking place in shoots than in roots. Prolonged flooding stress caused a rapid and steady increase in ADH activity in roots, but ethanol levels showed a decline after an initial rise. ADH in flooded roots may be useful in the regeneration of NAD, thus ensuring continuation of glycolysis.

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
А. Туреханова ◽  
Қ. Тоштай ◽  
М. Дуйсебаева ◽  
Т. Тұрсонжан ◽  
Ж. Жеңіс
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Soap Production ◽  
Active Substances

Согласно литературным данным, подсолнечное масло богато полезными веществами, однако, в зависимости от степени очистки масла, количество этих компонентов варьируется. В данном исследовании был изучен дистиллят жирных кислот подсолнечного масла. Согласно полученным данным, более 40% состава кислот приходится на линолевую кислоту с F-витаминной активностью. В большом количестве содержатся стерины, составляющие 44% неомыляемого остатка. Токоферолы составляют 9% неомыляемого остатка, 93% из них приходится на a-токоферол. Helianthus annuus L необходим для приготовления натурального мыла, сочетает в себе способ приготовления медицинского мыла с технологией производства. Экстракт из стебля растения. Это свежее натуральное мыло содержит много полезных микро-и макроэлементов, биологически активные соединения и макро - и микроэлементы растения Helianthus annuus L были определены атомно-эмиссионным методом. Основными из них были K (44,9 мг/г), (377,745 мг/г), Na (3,91 мг/г), (7,56 мг/г) и Mg (3,06 мг/г), (1,495 мг/г). Эти элементы полезны для нашего организма и обладают целебными свойствами. Кроме того, в составе растения H. Annuus L. были определены биологически активные вещества, такие как флавоноиды, алкалоиды, органические кислоты, кумарины и витамины. Эти выявленные данные позволяют получать мыло с высоким качеством, а также целебными свойствами. Helianthus annuus L salt, which is necessary for the preparation of natural soap, combines the method of preparation of medical soap production technology. The extract from the stem of the plant. This fresh natural soap contains many useful micro and macronutrients, biologically active compounds and macro - and microelements of the plant Helianthus annuus L were determined by atomicemission method. Main of them were K (44.9 mg/g), (377.745 mg/g), Na (3.91 mg/g), (7.56 mg/g) and Mg (3.06 mg/g), (1.495 mg/g). These elements are useful for our body and have healing properties. In addition, biologically active substances such as fiavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, coumarins, and vitamins were found in the composition of the plant H. annuus L. These identied data allow us to obtain soap with a high composition and quality and healing properties

Changes in the ability of plants to alter the pH of the flooding medium as an early symptom of flooding stress in Helianthus annuus

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2417-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Drakeford ◽  
David M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Biophysical Changes ◽  
Passive Drift

Roots of sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L.) were flooded in nutrient medium and nonflooded controls were continuously bathed with nutrient medium in a hydroponic system. The pH of the nutrient medium was measured over a period of days. Within 24 h the pH of the nutrient medium in the flooded treatments was 1 pH unit higher than that of the nonflooded treatments and remained higher over several days. Nonflooded plants were able to acidify the medium to a pH value of 4 but when flooded at this pH plants underwent a rapid "catastrophic death," different from normal senescence, in which the shoot dehydrated before chlorosis set in. This pH phenomenon is consistent with both an active acidification of the nutrient medium under nonstressed conditions and a passive drift to a pH dictated by the materials of the hydroponic system, under flooded conditions. It is postulated that flooding rapidly shuts down an acidification mechanism and that this may be symptomatic of early biophysical changes brought about by flooding.

scholarly journals   Changes of three organic acids in the process of Cd and Pb phytoextraction by Helianthus annuus L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.X. Niu ◽  
X.D. Li ◽  
L.N. Sun ◽  
T.H. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Pb Accumulation ◽  
Lactic Acids

In the present study, sunflower was used to enrich the cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in sand culture, and the changes of metals uptake, organic acids, pH, and redox potential were investigated. Results showed that the Cd and Pb accumulation was dissimilar in treatments. In single treatments of Cd or Pb, the amount of glutaric and lactic acids decreased with concentrations; the secretion of glutaric and glycolic acids in 5 mg/L Cd treatments were the highest at the 90<sup>th</sup> day. In the mixed treatments of Cd and Pb, glutaric acids in cultures with Cd 5 mg/L + Pb 50 mg/L and Cd 10 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L were higher than those in other treatments. Both lactic and glycolic acids reached the highest values in Cd 10 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L treatments at the end of experiment. Besides, the Cd or Pb uptake showed various correlations with pH, redox potential, and organic acids, the reason might be that the presence of Cd or Pb influenced the organic acids exudation, and alterations of rhizosphere, including acidity, redox potential, and organic acids, impacted the bioavailability and phytoextraction of toxic metals conversely.

THE PROBLEM OF SAFE SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) USE FOR FOOD AND FODDER PURPOSES (review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-498
Author(s):  
G.P. Kononenko ◽  
◽  
M.I. Ustyuzhanina ◽  
A.A. Burkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) on Top of a Constructed Wetland as an Engineered Ecosystem to Clean Sewage Onsite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Alfredo Garcia-Perez ◽  
◽  
Mark Harrison ◽  
Bill Grant ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L
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