Hybrid performance and species crossability relationships in willows (Salix)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2329-2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mosseler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Hybrid Performance ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Interspecific Gene Flow ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Crossability Relationships ◽  
Species Combination

Interspecific hybridization between Salix amygdaloides Anderss., S. bebbiana Sarg., S. discolor Muhl., S. eriocephala Michx., S. exigua Nutt., S. lucida Muhl., S. pellita Anderss., and S. petiolaris Smith revealed several forms of postzygotic inviability including seed incompatibility, seedling inviability, inferior growth performance, and reduced fertility in the F1 hybrid progeny. The proportion of inviable and inferior progeny varied with the species combination and the specific combining ability of genotypes within each species combination. Family mean growth performance was lower in most interspecific hybrids, but several hybrid combinations produced progeny superior to the average performance of intraspecific crosses involving the same parent species. Interspecific hybrid families were also characterized by high proportions of nonflowering individuals. Viable F1 interspecific hybrids generally suffered reduced male and female fertility, but most female F1 hybrids produced viable open pollinated seed. The relatively high fertility and viability demonstrated by some interspecific hybrids indicates that natural interspecific gene flow between several species of subgenus Vetrix is possible. Crossability relationships based on F1 hybrid viability suggest that Salix exigua is more closely related to species of subgenus Vetrix than to those of subgenus Salix.

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Yap Chin Ann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper. 

scholarly journals Free-Range Rearing Density for Male and Female Milanino Chickens: Growth Performance and Stress Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1342-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Mosca ◽  
Luisa Zaniboni ◽  
Nicolaia Iaffaldano ◽  
Ahmad Abdel Sayed ◽  
Maria G. Mangiagalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Rearing Density

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sperma Terhadap Daya Tetas dan Bobot Tetas DOC Ayam KAMARAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moulizar Moulizar ◽  
Aman Yaman ◽  
Muhammad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Female Chicken ◽  
Local Chickens

Abstrak. Turunan hasil persilangan antara ayam lokal, ayam ras petelur dan ayam arab dihasilkan Ayam KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab – Ras).   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap fertilitas, daya tetas, bobot tetas DOC ayam KAMARAS dan Sex rasio. Konsentrasi sperma  ini berguna untuk mengetahui perbandingan jantan dan betina yang paling efisien dalam suatu pemeliharaan. Sperma ditampung dan dicampur dari 3 ekor ayam KAMARAS jantan yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan. Sperma yang telah diketahui konsentrasinya kemudian dibagi menjadi 4 bagian dan masing-masing diencerkan dengan NaCl fisiologis sehingga diperoleh konsentrasi akhir yaitu 25x106/0,5 ml (dosis 1); 50x106/0,5 ml (dosis 2); dan 75x106/0,5 ml (dosis 3) dan 100x106/0,5 ml (dosis 4). 24 ekor ayam KAMARAS betina diinseminasi untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas dan bobot tetas ayam KAMARAS. Ayam betina yang digunakan adalah ayam KAMARAS yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi sperma tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap fertilitas telur namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah 83,33% diantara 4 perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang terbaik untuk menghasilkan fertilitas  yang tinggi yaitu konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml. Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas tidak berpengaruh nyata namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106/0,5 ml (100%) dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah (83,33%) dari setiap perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang dapat meningkatkan daya tetas telur adalah pada konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml dengan tingkat daya tetas (100%). Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap bobot tetas DOC KAMARAS berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot tetas DOC pada setiap perlakuan P0 25x106/0,5 (31,1 g/butir), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (33 g/butir), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml (32,1 g/butir) dan pada perlakuan P3 100x106/0,5 ml bobot tetas DOC sebesar (33,3 g/butir),  pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap sex rasio didapat hasil pada perlakuan 50x106/0,5 ml-75x106/0,5 ml menghasilkan sex rasio DOC betina lebih dominan (66,6-75%).Effect of Sperm Concentration on Hatching Power and Hatching Weight of DAM Chicken KAMARASAbstract. Derivative results of crosses between local chickens, laying chicken and arab chicken produced Chicken KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab - Ras). This study aims to determine the effect of sperm concentration on fertility, hatchability, weight of DOC chicken KAMARAS and Sex ratio. This sperm concentration is useful for knowing the most efficient male and female ratio in a maintenance. Sperm was collected and mixed from 3 chickens KAMARAS male about 7 months old. The known sperm concentration is then divided into 4 parts and each diluted with physiological NaCl to obtain the final concentration of 25x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 1); 50x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 2); and 75x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 3) and 100x106 / 0,5 ml (dose 4). 24 chickens KAMARAS females inseminated to determine the effect of sperm concentration on hatchability and weight of hens chicken KAMARAS. The female chicken used is KAMARAS chicken which is about 7 months old.The results showed that sperm concentration treatment did not have significant effect on egg fertility but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100% ), P2: 75x106 / 0.5 ml and at the lowest P3 treatment 83.33% among the 4 best sperm concentration treatment to produce high fertility ie concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml. The effect of sperm concentration on hatchability was not significant but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106 / 0.5 ml (100%) and at the lowest P3 treatment (83.33%) of each treatment of sperm concentration which can increase the hatchability of eggs at concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml with hatchability level (100%). The influence of sperm concentration on DOC KAMARAS hatching weight significantly influenced the weight of DOC in each treatment P0 25x106 / 0,5 (31,1 g / grain), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (33 g / grain), P2: 75x106 / 0,5 ml (32,1 g / grain) and at treatment of P3 100x106/ 0,5 ml of DOC hight weight (33,3 g / grain), influence of sperm concentration to sex ratio obtained result at treatment 50x106 / 0, 5 ml-75x106 / 0.5 ml result in sex ratio of female DOC is more dominant (66,6-75%).

scholarly journals Effects of Stocking Density and Genotype on the Growth Performance of Male and Female Broiler Chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudzani Siaga ◽  
Joseph Jimu Baloy ◽  
Mashudu Daniel Ram ◽  
Kow Benyi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Growth performance of 6th generation KUB-2 chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
K Komarudin ◽  
T Sartika ◽  
N Pratiwi ◽  
T Kostaman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Local Chicken

Abstract KUB-2 chicken is an improved local chicken originally from KUB-1 chicken. KUB-2 has been assembled in the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP), and it has two sub-populations, namely KUB-2 Balai and KUB-2 kk. KUB-2 has dual purpose functions, for either meat or egg production. For farmers who raise a local chicken to yield meat, growth is an important trait. The study had the objective to evaluate the growth performance of KUB-2 chicken. About 2,540 6th generation KUB-2 chickens, consisting of 1,240 KUB-2 Balai and 1,300 KUB-2 kk were used in the study. Data were analyzed using a t-test. The average ten-week body weight of male and female KUB-2 kk was statistically higher than KUB-2 Balai (P<0.05). The ten-week body weight of KUB-2 Balai and KUB-2 kk chickens were 1,045.91 g and 1,211.80 g for males, and 832.74 g and 956.02 g for females. The feed conversion was 2.81 for KUB-2 Balai and 2.83 for KUB-2 kk chicken. For meat production, KUB-2 kk seemed more profitable compared to KUB-2 Balai since it had higher body weight and similar feed conversion. It also could be yielded at shorter age than KUB-2 Balai for the same body weight.

Growth performance, genetic parameters and selection index of pure and crossbred populations of Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
E. N. Nwachukwu ◽  
O. C. Nkemakolam ◽  
A. I. Adeolu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
West African ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Indigenous Goat

In 2008, a breeding programme was designed to develop hybrid goat suitable for the rainforest agro-ecological zone of South-Eastern, Nigeria. Two indigenous goat breeds namely, Red Sokoto (RS) and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats were utilized and mated in a main (RS x WAD), reciprocal (WAD x RS) and pure line (RS x RS and WAD x WAD) fashion. A total of 74 progenies were generated from the matings and were evaluated for 12week growth performance. As part of the ranking procedure, a selection index was constructed based on two major body components namely body weight (BWT) and heart girth (HGT) to objectively determine the genetic worth of the growing pure and crossbred progenies of Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf kids. The results showed that average body weight (BWT) of RS x RS (5.29±0.13kg) and RS x WAD (5.14±0.21kg) buck kids were similar but significantly (P< 0.05) heavier than that of their WAD x RS (4.84 + 0.17kg) and WAD x WAD (4.79 + 0.17kg) counterparts. The performance of crossbred RS x WAD compared to WAD x RS and WAD x WAD buck kids indicate that the main crossbred kids sired by Red Sokoto bucks but nursed by WAD dams received superior sets of genes from their large-sized sire. The RS x WAD buck kids in particular, had significantly longer body length (BLT), height-at-withers (HWT) and HGT than WAD x RS and WAD x WAD kids. The phenotypic and genetic correlations of BWT and HGT in both sexes for the different genotypes were high and positive which were indicative of the nature of association between these conformation traits in goats. Heritability estimates (h2) for BWT and HGT in males and females kids ranged from 0.31 – 0.36 versus 0.28 – 0.30, respectively in most of the growing kids. The relative economic values (REV) of chosen traits were generally higher for male kids compared to their female counterparts. Phenotypic variances for BWT and HGT in male and female kids ranged from 0.65 – 0.80. The selection index values were highest in male and female kids of RS x RS, followed by RS x WAD, while WAD x RS kids ranked low and WAD x WAD kids ranked the least. Thus, indicating that selection and improvement of growth traits in these pure and crossbred kids would be in favour of the RS x RS and RS x WAD individuals.

scholarly journals 195 Depriving piglets of maternal feces changes piglet physiology and performance before and after weaning

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 114-114
Author(s):  
Edgar O Aviles ◽  
Anoosh Rakhshandeh ◽  
John J McGlone
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Coprophagy has been described in piglets, but its effects on piglet physiology, behavior, and performance have not been fully assessed. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate how deprivation of maternal feces influenced these measures before and after weaning. Eight litters were randomly assigned to one of two treatments following a CRD design: Control and treatment (TRT). Piglets in the control group had access to maternal feces while piglets in TRT litters were deprived of maternal feces for the first 7 d of age. Measures of piglet behavior were observed for 24 h on d 7 of age. Blood samples were collected from two piglets from each litter (i.e. male and female) at 0, 7, and 21 d of age for hematological analyses. Litters were weaned at 25 ±2 d of age and post-weaning growth performance was assessed until 100 d post weaning. During the first 3 d post-partum, sow fecal output was low or absent. After 3 d post-partum, sows defecated 220.7 ± 43.86 g/d (DM basis). No treatment effects were observed on measures of behavior, hematocrit or hemoglobin at 0, 7, and 21 d of age (P > 0.05). Relative to the control group, TRT piglets had 25% lower WBC numbers (PP ≤ 0.05). At 100-d post-weaning, control pigs were 8.33 ± 1.9 kg heavier than TRT pigs (P < 0.05). Collectively, these results show that when piglets had access to maternal feces during the first 7 d of age, while not changing nursing or other behaviors, they had better pre- and post-weaning performance than piglets deprived of maternal feces. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms (nutritional, microbial, or pheromonal) through which maternal feces changes physiology and improves the growth of piglets.

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