The cytotaxonomy of Solidago nemoralis (Compositae: Astereae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2065-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Brammall ◽  
John C. Semple
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Cytotype Distribution

Chromosome number determinations were made from 218 populations of Solidago nemoralis collected throughout the range of the species in Canada and the United States. All individuals of ssp. decemflora were tetraploid (2n = 36; 28 populations); these came from the prairies and adjacent eastern deciduous forest states and provinces. The majority of the collections of ssp. nemoralis were diploid (2n = 18; 161 populations) and came from throughout the eastern deciduous forest region of eastern North America. Tetraploids (2n = 36; 29 populations) of ssp. nemoralis were less frequent and occurred scattered across the eastern and northern portions of the range of the subspecies. The cytotype distribution pattern of the two subspecies of Solidago nemoralis is representative of what appears to be a frequent evolutionary strategy in the goldenrods.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 130. Solidago nemoralis Ait.

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry G. Chmielewski ◽  
John C. Semple
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Riparian Habitats

Solidago nemoralis, the gray goldenrod, is a polycarpic hemicryptophyte that reproduces vegetatively from branched caudices. This native North American species is morphologically variable throughout its range, and includes an eastern (ssp. nemoralis) and western (ssp. decemflora) race. The eastern subspecies occurs throughout the eastern deciduous forest region of North America and is commonly diploid, though tetraploids do occur throughout. The western race typically occurs on the prairies and is strictly tetraploid. The species occupies riparian habitats, rock outcrops and open fields and roadsides and grows best in well-drained sandy soils in full sunlight. Although the species is weedy in both Canada and the United States it is not noxious. Key words: Solidago nemoralis, gray goldenrod, verge d'or des bois, Asteraceae, Compositae

Cytotaxonomy of some Cirsium species of the eastern United States, with a key to eastern species

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Moore ◽  
C. Frankton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Species

The morphology and chromosome number of nine species of Cirsium of eastern North America are considered. Chromosome counts are presented for the first time for C. iowense, 2n = 18; C. lecontei, 2n = 32; C. nuttallii, 2n = 24, 28; C. repandum, 2n = 30; C. smallii, 2n = 34; C. engelmannii, 2n = 20; C. texanum, 2n = 22, 24; C. virginianum, 2n = 28. Additional chromosomes, possibly to be considered as accessories, were found in C. nuttallii, C. engelmannii, and C. texanum. These chromosomes render uncertain the number characteristic of these species. A key to the 26 native and introduced species found in Canada and the United States east of 100° west latitude is presented. The interrelationships of the eastern species and of the species of the western series Undulata are discussed.

A comparison of earthquake damage areas as a function of magnitude across the United States

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bollinger ◽  
M. C. Chapman ◽  
M. S. Sibol
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The West

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between earthquake magnitude and the size of damage areas in the eastern and western United States. To quantify damage area as a function of moment magnitude (M), 149 MMI VI and VII areas for 109 earthquakes (88 in the western United States, 21 in the eastern United States and Canada) were measured. Regression of isoseismal areas versus M indicated that areas in the East were larger than those in the West, at both intensity levels, by an average 5 × in the M 4.5 to 7.5 range. In terms of radii for circles of equivalent area, these results indicate that damaging ground motion from shocks of the same magnitude extend 2 × the epicentral distance in eastern North America compared to the West. To determine source and site parameters consistent with the above results, response spectral levels for eastern North America were stochastically simulated and compared with response spectral ordinates derived from recorded strong ground motion data in the western United States. Stress-drop values of 200 bars, combined with a surficial 2-km-thick low velocity “sedimentary” layer over rock basement, produced results that are compatible with the intensity observations, i.e., similar response spectral levels in the east at approximately twice their epicentral distance in the western U.S. distance. These results suggest that ground motion modeling in eastern North America may need to incorporate source and site parameters different from those presently in general use. The results are also of importance to eastern U.S. hazard assessments as they require allowance for the larger damage areas in preparedness and mitigation programs.

scholarly journals Impacts of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Winter Precipitations and Storm Track Variability in Southeast Canada and Northeast US

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Chartrand ◽  
Francesco Salvatore Rocco Pausata
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Abstract. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) affects atmospheric variability from eastern North America to Europe. Although the link between the NAO and winter precipitations in the eastern North America have been the focus of previous work, only few studies have hitherto provided clear physical explanations on these relationships. In this study we revisit and extend the analysis of the effect of the NAO on winter precipitations over a large domain covering southeast Canada and the northeastern United States. Furthermore, here we use the recent ERA5 reanalysis dataset (1979–2018), which currently has the highest available horizontal resolution for a global reanalysis (0.25°), to track extratropical cyclones to delve into the physical processes behind the relationship between NAO and precipitation, snowfall, snowfall-to-precipitation ratio (S/P), and snow cover depth anomalies in the region. In particular, our results show that positive NAO phases are associated with less snowfall over a wide region covering Nova Scotia, New England and the Mid-Atlantic of the United States relative to negative NAO phases. Henceforth, a significant negative correlation is also seen between S/P and the NAO over this region. This is due to a decrease (increase) in cyclogenesis of coastal storms near the United States east coast during positive (negative) NAO phases, as well as a northward (southward) displacement of the mean storm track over North America.

scholarly journals Redescription of Arundel formation Ornithomimosaur material and a reinterpretation of Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni as an “Ostrich Dinosaur”: Biogeographic implications

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Doran Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Past

The fossil record of dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America is scant, and only a few sediments to the east of the continent are fossiliferous. Among them is the Arundel Formation of the east coast of the United States, which has produced among the best dinosaur faunas known from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America. The diverse dinosaur fauna of this formation has been thoroughly discussed previously, but few of the dinosaur species originally described from the Arundel are still regarded as valid genera. Much of the Arundel material is in need of review and redescription. Among the fossils of dinosaurs from this formation are those referred to ornithomimosaurs. Here, I redescribe ornithomimosaur remains from the Arundel Formation which may warrant the naming of a new taxon of dinosaur. These remains provide key information on the theropods of the Early Cretaceous of Eastern North America. The description of the Arundel material herein along with recent discoveries of basal ornithomimosaurs in the past 15 years has allowed for comparisons with the coelurosaur Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni, suggesting the latter animal was a basal ornithomimosaurian dinosaur rather than a “generalized” coelurosaur. Comparisons between the Arundel ornithomimosaur and similar southeast Asian ornithomimosaurian material as well as ornithomimosaur remains from western North America suggest that a lineage of ornithomimosaurs with a metatarsal condition intermediate between that of basal and derived ornithomimosaurs was present through southeast Asia into North America, in turn suggesting that such animals coexisted with genera having a more primitive metatarsal morphology as seen in N. justinhofmanni.

William Maclure and the Library of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sinkankas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
On Line ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Academy Of Natural Sciences

William Maclure (1763-1840) established a reputation as a geologist and mineralogist in the United States, based largely on his well-known geological map of eastern North America, published in 1809. This research note discusses the important library of over 5,000 scientific books amassed by Maclure. Many of these books are now in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. [Editor's note: The on-line catalog of the Academy's library is at http://www.acnatsci.org/library.]

CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA) ASSOCIATED WITH MYRIOPHYLLUM SPICATUM IN OKANAGAN VALLEY LAKES, BRITISH COLUMBIA

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1545-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Kangasniemi ◽  
D. R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Okanagan Valley

Eurasian water milfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum Linnaeus, was introduced into eastern North America late in the nineteenth century. It has spread and developed into a major aquatic weed in many areas of the United states and Canada (Aiken et al. 1979; Reed 1977). In British Columbia, it was first observed in the Vernon Arm of Okanagan Lake in 1970 and had spread to all major 1,akes in the Okanagan Valley by 1976 (Newroth 1979).

NEWLY DETECTED EXOTIC SPECIES OF XYLEBORUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) WITH A REVISED KEY TO SPECIES IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Atkinson ◽  
Robert J. Rabaglia ◽  
Donald E. Bright
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Large Numbers

AbstractTwo exotic species of Xyleborus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) of Asian origin have recently been detected in the United States. Xyleborus pelliculosus Eichhoff has been collected in Pennsylvania and Maryland, and X. atratus Eichhoff from Tennessee, Georgia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. Descriptions of both species and a revised, illustrated key to members of the genus Xyleborus in eastern North America are presented. An explanation is proposed for the large numbers of recent introductions of exotic ambrosia beetles from eastern Asia into eastern North America.

Some Amerasian Pottery Traits in North Asian Prehistory

1953 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tolstoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Old World ◽  
The Subject

Asiatic origins have, at one time or another, been suggested or at least considered for a number of traits connected with the manufacture and decoration of the earlier New World pottery. The well-known paper by McKern (1937) is among the most explicit statements on the subject. Griffin (1946; Sears and Griffin 1950a) has held similar views for some time. Like McKern, he has primarily in mind traits of the Woodland pattern of eastern North America, although he also mentions some non-Woodland traits among those which have counterparts in the Old World (1946, p. 45).Since McKern's paper, the distribution in time of the traits involved has become a lot better established. With the help of the still suspiciously regarded radiocarbon dates, our perspective on ceramic history in the United States has been extended over a span which appears to be that of some four millennia. Among the more significant additions to the Asiatic half of the distributional picture first place must be given to recent Soviet work in eastern Siberia.

The Galium aparine complex in Canada

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 877-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Prairie Provinces

The occurrence in Canada of Galium aparine sensu lato has been studied. It is concluded that two species are present: G. aparine L. sensu stricto (Cleavers) and G. spurium L. (False Cleavers). Although closely related and morphologically similar, these species differ morphologically, cytologically, and physiologically. The chromosome number of collections of G. aparine from Canada and the United States was found to be 2n = 66, that of G. spurium from the prairie provinces of Canada was 2n = 20. The latter species is an introduction from Eurasia and seems to be the more serious weed in fields of grain and rapeseed in western Canada. Galium aparine is believed to be native, as well as introduced from Eurasia, in North America. Galium aparine occurs usually in moist, shaded habitats, whereas G. spurium favors sunnier habitats. Both species have spiny or smooth fruits and these fruit variants have been recognized at various taxonomic levels. In this paper they are reduced to the rank of form.

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