Mating system and genetic structure of two populations of white spruce (Picea glauca) in eastern Newfoundland

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1661-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Innes ◽  
Gordon G. Ringius
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Habitat Differences ◽  
Two Populations

Allozyme variation at four polymorphic enzyme loci (Pgi-1, Pgi-2, Pgm, Gdh) was used to study genetic variation and mating system in a sheltered (inland) and an adjacent exposed population (coast) of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in eastern Newfoundland. Despite habitat differences, the two populations showed only small differences in allele frequency for the maternal trees, their progeny, and the estimated pollen pool. Three of the four single-locus estimates of outcrossing rate (ts) for the inland population were significantly less that t = 1.00, with an average value of ts = 0.81. Two of the four single-locus estimates of outcrossing rate in the coast population were significantly less than t = 1.00 and the average for the four loci was 0.71. The multilocus estimates of outcrossing rate (tm) for the inland and coast populations were 0.76 and 0.70, respectively, and both estimates were significantly less than t = 1.00. This level of selfing is higher than that observed for most other conifer species. Key words: genetics, mating system, population genetics, outcrossing, selfing, white spruce.

Estimates of outcrossing rates in Lathyrus latifolius populations

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 988-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jo W. Godt ◽  
J. L. Hamrick
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Heterozygote Advantage ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Biparental Inbreeding ◽  
Outcrossing Rates

Isozyme markers were used to estimate parameters of the mating system of Lathyrus latifolius, a bumblebee-pollinated legume. Multilocus outcrossing estimates (mean tm = 0.807; range = 0.702–0.870) differed significantly from random outcrossing. Comparisons of single-locus outcrossing estimates (mean ts = 0.756; range = 0.627–0.852) and multilocus estimates suggested that biparental inbreeding contributed about 21% to the apparent rate of selfing. Significant heterogeneity in outcrossing rates occurred among the seven populations studied. A tendency for selection against inbred individuals, or heterozygote advantage, was apparent in all populations.Key words: mating system, Lathyrus latifolius, outcrossing rate, isozymes, Leguminosae.

Study on Mating System of Pinus koraiensis in Natural Population Based on cpSSR Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 700-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Juan Feng ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Xiao Yan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Pinus Koraiensis ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Simple Sequence

Chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) technique was firstly used to study mating system of natural Pinus koraiensis population. Nine pairs of primers with clear spectrum bands, high stability and polymorphism were selected from 70 pairs of cpSSR primers to analyze the mating systems of 28 individuals. 14 polymorphic loci were detected in the nine pairs of primers. The multi-locus (tm) and single-locus (ts) outcrossing rate were 0.966 (SD=0.000) and 0.939 (SD=0.000), respectively, which were slightly higher than those of other tree species. The constant index (F=-0.035) was below zero, indicating the occurrence of excessive heterozygote. Moreover, inbreeding index (tm-ts=0.027; SD=0.000) was close to zero, indicating an insignificant inbreeding. MLDT analysis showed that multi-locus outcrossing rate differed from single-locus outcrossing rate in mating systems of 28 individuals, but the differences were not statistically significant.

PREDICTION OF TRACHEID LENGTH AND DIAMETER IN WHITE SPRUCE (PICEA GLAUCA)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyriac S. Mvolo ◽  
Ahmed Koubaa ◽  
Maurice Defo ◽  
Jean Beaulieu ◽  
Martin-Claude Yemele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Tracheid Length ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Longitudinal Variations ◽  
Whole Tree

The establishment of patterns of radial and longitudinal variations and the development of models to predict the wood anatomical properties, especially from juvenile wood, are of interest for both wood industry and researchers. Linear regressions were used to predict whole-tree, breast height and mature tracheid length and diameter in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and the WBE model was used to predict the variation of tracheid diameter. Tracheid length and diameter increased from pith to bark. Tracheid length decreased, while tracheid diameter increased from apex to lower heights. Cambial age was the most important predictor of tracheid length. The final tracheid length models with either a log transformation or a third-order polynomial of cambial age explained 82% of the variation in the whole-tree tracheid length. At breast height, 83% of the variation in the whole tracheid length was explained using the juvenile value at a cambial age of 3 years. Up to 87% of the variation was explained by the model, including the average value of juvenile wood. However, mature wood tracheid length at breast height could not be predicted from juvenile wood. Distance from the apex predicted the tracheid widening in outer rings but failed to predict tracheid expansion of samples collected at fixed cambial ages. The WBE explained 86% of conduit widening in the outer rings. The sampling strategy, i.e. collecting samples longitudinally at a fixed cambial age vs. at a fixed calendar year is important in predicting tracheid diameter.

Genetics of cone morphology in white spruce (Picea glauca)

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. K. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Hierarchical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Cone Morphology ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Two Populations

A study was conducted in 1971 to estimate the degree of genetic control on the characters of cone morphology of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) from two areas of central Newfoundland and to determine whether these characters were associated with phenotypic superiority in growth. Hierarchical sampling was done, selecting two locations, two populations at each location, five trees in each population, and 20 cones from each tree. Ten characters were studied. Statistical analysis techniques used were calculation of repeatability as an estimate of heritability, hierarchical analysis of variance, and comparison of the populations of "ordinary" and "plus" trees, using Student's ‘t’ and Snedecor's 'F' tests.The results indicate that most of the 10 characters studied are under strong genetic control but these characters are not associated with phenotypic superiority in growth.

Mating system in natural populations of eastern white pine in Quebec

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1697-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beaulieu ◽  
J.-P. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Self Fertilization

The mating system in two natural eastern white pine (Pinusstrobus L.) populations in Quebec was investigated. These populations contrasted in density and age. The single-locus as well as multilocus outcrossing rate estimates were obtained from four polymorphic enzyme loci using open-pollinated progeny data. The single-locus outcrossing rates ranged from 0.934 to 1.110 with a mean of 1.026 in one population and varied from 0.862 to 1.186 with a mean of 1.007 in the other population. Multilocus estimates exceeded 1.0 in both populations, suggesting the possible absence of self-fertilization. Pollen pool gene frequencies were homogeneous in one population and heterogeneous in the other. The positive or less negative F-values found in the filial populations compared with those observed in the parental populations suggest the presence of a family structure favouring consanguineous matings.

Inferring Recent Outcrossing Rates Using Multilocus Individual Heterozygosity: Application to Evolving Wheat Populations

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 1973-1982
Author(s):  
Jérôme Enjalbert ◽  
Jacques L David
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Outcrossing Rates ◽  
Progeny Analysis ◽  
Ml Estimator ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Using multilocus individual heterozygosity, a method is developed to estimate the outcrossing rates of a population over a few previous generations. Considering that individuals originate either from outcrossing or from n successive selfing generations from an outbred ancestor, a maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator is described that gives estimates of past outcrossing rates in terms of proportions of individuals with different n values. Heterozygosities at several unlinked codominant loci are used to assign n values to each individual. This method also allows a test of whether populations are in inbreeding equilibrium. The estimator’s reliability was checked using simulations for different mating histories. We show that this ML estimator can provide estimates of outcrossing rates for the final generation outcrossing rate (t0) and a mean of the preceding rates (tp) and can detect major temporal variation in the mating system. The method is most efficient for low to intermediate outcrossing levels. Applied to nine populations of wheat, this method gave estimates of t0 and tp. These estimates confirmed the absence of outcrossing (t0 = 0) in the two populations subjected to manual selfing. For free-mating wheat populations, it detected lower final generation outcrossing rates (t0 = 0-0.06) than those expected from global heterozygosity (t = 0.02-0.09). This estimator appears to be a new and efficient way to describe the multilocus heterozygosity of a population, complementary to Fis and progeny analysis approaches.

Development and characterization of Novel EST-based single-copy genic microsatellite DNA markers in white spruce and black spruce

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Rajora ◽  
Ishminder K. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Tetranucleotide Repeats

Abstract Background Due mainly to large genome size and prevalence of repetitive sequences in the nuclear genome of spruce ( Picea ), it is very difficult to develop single-copy genomic microsatellite markers. We have developed and characterized 25 polymorphic, single-copy genic microsatellites from white spruce ( Picea glauca ) EST sequences and determined their informativeness in white spruce and black spruce ( Picea mariana ) and inheritance in black spruce. Methods and Results White spruce EST sequences from NCBI dbEST were searched for the presence of microsatellite repeats. Forty-seven sequences containing dinucleotide, trinucleotide, tetranucleotide and compound repeats were selected to develop primers. Twenty-five of the designed primer pairs yielded scorable amplicons, with single-locus patterns, and were characterized in 20 individuals each of white spruce and black spruce. All 25 microsatellites were polymorphic in white spruce and 24 in black spruce. The number of alleles at a locus ranged from 2 to 18, with a mean of 8.8 in white spruce, and from 1 to 17, with a mean of 7.6 in black spruce. The expected heterozygosity/polymorphic information content ranged from 0.10 to 0.92, with a mean of 0.67 in white spruce, and from 0 to 0.93, with a mean of 0.59 in black spruce. Conclusions Microsatellites with dinucleotide and compound repeats were more informative than those with trinucleotide and tetranucleotide repeats. Eighteen microsatellite markers polymorphic between the parents of a black spruce controlled cross inherited in a single-locus Mendelian fashion. The microsatellite markers developed can be applied for various genetics, genomics, breeding, and conservation studies and applications.

Allozyme Variation and Population Substructuring in the Caucasian Ground Lizards Lacerta derjugini and Lacerta praticola

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross D. MacCulloch ◽  
Ilya S. Darevsky ◽  
Robert W. Murphy ◽  
Jinzhong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Geographic Separation ◽  
Population Substructuring ◽  
Allozyme Loci ◽  
Two Populations

Genetic diversity at 35 allozyme loci was surveyed in Lacerta derjugini (3 populations) and L. praticola (2 populations). Indices of variability were consistent with those found in other Caucasian Lacerta. There was little genetic substructuring between two populations of L. praticola despite considerable geographic separation. Conversely, populations of L. derjugini in close proximity to one another exhibited considerable substructuring.

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