The use of L-DOPA to enhance visualization of the "black line" between species of the Armillaria mellea complex

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Hopkin ◽  
K. I. Mallett ◽  
P. V. Blenis
Keyword(s):  
Black Line ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Armillaria Mellea

The zone of antagonism, known as the "black line," that occurred between the confronting margins of diploid isolates of different Armillaria mellea complex species was enhanced by incubation in L-β-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). Intraspecific crosses and crosses of genetically identical isolates did not produce a black line after similar treatment with L-DOPA.

Nature of the "black line" produced between different biological species of the Armillaria mellea complex

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2588-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Mallett ◽  
Y. Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Malt Agar ◽  
Black Line ◽  
Armillaria Mellea

The zone of antagonism or black line, formed between the confronting margins of different biological species of the Armillaria mellea complex when paired on malt agar medium, was investigated. Light microscopy showed that the black line was composed of melanized hyphal cells from both species and was bordered on either side by the bladderlike cells of the pseudosclerotial plate of each species.

Photochemical Evolution of Interstellar/Precometary Organic Material

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 23-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis J. Allamandola ◽  
Max P. Bernstein ◽  
Scott A. Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Infrared Observations ◽  
Interstellar Ice ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Ultraviolet Photolysis ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Simple Molecules ◽  
Complex Organic

AbstractInfrared observations, combined with realistic laboratory simulations, have revolutionized our understanding of interstellar ice and dust, the building blocks of comets. Since comets are thought to be a major source of the volatiles on the primative earth, their organic inventory is of central importance to questions concerning the origin of life. Ices in molecular clouds contain the very simple molecules H2O, CH3OH, CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and probably some NH3and H2CO, as well as more complex species including nitriles, ketones, and esters. The evidence for these, as well as carbonrich materials such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), microdiamonds, and amorphous carbon is briefly reviewed. This is followed by a detailed summary of interstellar/precometary ice photochemical evolution based on laboratory studies of realistic polar ice analogs. Ultraviolet photolysis of these ices produces H2, H2CO, CO2, CO, CH4, HCO, and the moderately complex organic molecules: CH3CH2OH (ethanol), HC(= O)NH2(formamide), CH3C(= O)NH2(acetamide), R-CN (nitriles), and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT, C6H12N4), as well as more complex species including polyoxymethylene and related species (POMs), amides, and ketones. The ready formation of these organic species from simple starting mixtures, the ice chemistry that ensues when these ices are mildly warmed, plus the observation that the more complex refractory photoproducts show lipid-like behavior and readily self organize into droplets upon exposure to liquid water suggest that comets may have played an important role in the origin of life.

THE AFRICAN WIFE OF SOLOMON (1 KINGS 3:1; 9:16; 7:8; 11:1)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tuesday Adamo
Keyword(s):  
African Woman ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
1 Kings

Both the Deuteronomist and the Chronicler repeatedly testify that Solomon married an African woman who was the daughter of Pharaoh. The fact that Pharaoh‟s daughter was singled out in this manner is significant as similar treatment was not given to his many other wives and concubines. In the African polygamous system, the first wife exercises enormous power over the husband and other wives. In keeping with the tradition, as chief wife Pharaoh‟s daughter would have had immense influence over Solomon. This pervasive influence can be seen in the economic, political, and administrative policies of the day, as well as in the prohibition on Solomon marrying an Israelite woman. Although Solomon‟s African wife is nameless in the biblical record, and both Solomon and his wife are unattested in the archaeological record, the marriage represents an aspect of African influence on and contribution to ancient Israel.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are less effective to reduce methanogenesis in rumen inoculum from calves exposed to a similar treatment early in life

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
A. Ruiz-González ◽  
S. Debruyne ◽  
J. Jeyanathan ◽  
L. Vandaele ◽  
S. De Campeneere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Similar Treatment

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

The structure of [Cu(bipy)3][Cu(bipy)(ala)(ClO4)2]ClO4 � a Compound with Two Different Coordination Modes in the same Complex

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Braban ◽  
Ionel Haiduc
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Chelate Ring ◽  
Octahedral Complex ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Solid State Structure ◽  
Coordination Modes ◽  
Coordination Center ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Chelate Rings

The paper describes the solid state structure of a compound of composition [Cu(bipy)3][Cu(bipy)(ala) (ClO4)2]ClO4, in which both the cation and anion are octahedral complex species with copper(II) as coordination center. The cation contains three chelate rings formed by bipy; the anion contains in the quatorial plane a CuONC2 chelate ring formed by the alaninato ligand and a CuN2C2 chelate ring formed by bipy, with two monodentate perchorato ligands in axial positions completing the six-coordination. In the crystal p-p stackings lead to a supramolecular self-assembled structure.

The phase instability and critical point in a liquid mixture of an associating and inert component

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3574-3587
Author(s):  
Julius Pouchlý ◽  
Antonín Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Binary System ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Multicomponent Mixture ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Inert Component ◽  
Phase Instability ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Association Equilibria ◽  
The Individual

The problem of phase instability in a binary mixture of an associating component with an inert component is analyzed from the standpoint of the theory of association equilibria. It is demonstrated that conditions of the spinodal and critical point for such a binary system are equivalent to those of the spinodal and critical point of a multicomponent mixture consisting of complex species arising by association (including nonassociated molecules). These conditions are formulated so as if species in this mixture did not participate in association and dissociation processes; configurational terms expressing changes in the content of the individual complexes depending on changes in total composition are included implicitly.

8.7 Million: A New Estimate for All the Complex Species on Earth

Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 333 (6046) ◽  
pp. 1083-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Strain
Keyword(s):  
Complex Species

scholarly journals OP0162 ETANERCEPT RESPONSE CLUSTERS IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 97.1-98
Author(s):  
S. Shoop-Worrall ◽  
K. Hyrich ◽  
L. Wedderburn ◽  
W. Thomson ◽  
N. Geifman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Active Joint ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Background:In children and young people (CYP) with JIA, we have previously identified clusters with different patterns of disease impact following methotrexate (MTX) initiation. It is unclear whether clusters of treatment response following etanercept (ETN) therapy exist and whether, in a group of CYP who have responded inadequately to or had adverse events on methotrexate, similar treatment response patterns exist. Novel response patterns would aid stratified treatment approaches through better understanding and potential forecasting of more specific response patterns across multiple domains of disease.Objectives:To identify and characterise trajectories of juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS) components following ETN initiation for JIA.Methods:ETN-naïve CYP with non-systemic JIA were selected if enrolled prior to January 2019 in at least one of four CLUSTER consortium studies: BSPAR-ETN, BCRD, CAPS and CHARMS, at point of starting ETN as their first biological therapy. JADAS components (active joint count, physician’s global assessment (0-10cm), parental global evaluation (0-10cm) and standardised ESR (0-10) were collected at ETN initiation and during the following year.Multivariate group-based trajectory models, that identify clusters of CYP with similar patterns of change over time, were used to explore ETN response clusters across the different JADAS components. Censored-normal (global scores, ESR) and zero-inflated Poisson (active joint count) models were used, adjusting for year of ETN initiation. Optimal models were selected based on a combination of model fit (BIC), parsimony, and clinical plausibility.Results:Of the 1003 CYP included, the majority were female (70%) and of white ethnicity (90%), with rheumatoid factor-negative JIA the most common disease category (39%).The optimal model identified five trajectory clusters of disease activity following initiation of ETN (Figure 1). Clusters following ETN were similar and covered similar proportions of CYP to those previously identified following MTX: Fast (Group 1: 13%) and Slow (Group 2: 10%) response, active joint count improves but either physician (Group 3: 6%) or parent global scores (Group 4: 34%) remain persistently raised and a group with persistent raised scores across all JADAS components (Group 5: 36%). Compared to the persistent disease cluster, those with greater improvement had lower age and higher functional ability at ETN initiation and those with persistent raised parent global scores had lower ESR levels and were less likely to be RF-positive at ETN initiation.Figure 1.Clusters identified following ETN initiation in children and young people recruited to the UK BSPAR-ETN, BCRD, CAPS and CHARMS studies.Conclusion:This study has identified that within CYP initiating ETN, similar response clusters are evident to those previously identified following MTX. This commonality suggests a new framework for understanding treatment response, beyond a simple responder/non-responder analysis at a set point, which applies across multiple drugs despite different mechanisms of action and previous unfavourable treatment outcomes. Understanding both clinical factors associated with, and biological mechanisms underpinning, these clusters would aid stratified medicine in JIA.Acknowledgements:We thank the children, young people and families involved in CLUSTER, as well as clinical staff, administrators and data management teams. Funding for CLUSTER has been provided by generous grants from the MRC, Versus Arthritis, GOSH children’s charity, Olivia’s vision and the NIHR Manchester and GOSH BRC schemes.Disclosure of Interests:Stephanie Shoop-Worrall: None declared, Kimme Hyrich Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Grant/research support from: BMS, UCB, Pfizer, Lucy Wedderburn Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Sobi, Wendy Thomson Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Sobi, Nophar Geifman Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Sobi

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