Regrowth of forest understory species following seasonal burning

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite A. Flinn ◽  
Ross W. Wein
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Tree Seedling ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Maianthemum Canadense ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtilloides

Small experimental plots in mixed-wood stands of the Acadian Forest were burned in the spring, summer, and autumn to obtain an estimate of the regrowth potential of common forest understory species. The number of stems was measured before burning and then monthly for 5 months thereafter. Supportive experiments on seasonal transplanting were conducted at the same time to determine regrowth potential after interspecific competition had been removed. Regrowth potential of species varied among seasonal burning treatments as expected and was strongest for Maianthemum canadense, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Andromeda glaucophylla, Vaccinium angustifolium, Viburnum cassinoides, and Betula populifolia. These species, which showed a 10-fold increase in stem number, could compete successfully with tree seedling number and composition and thus ultimately alter forest stand composition.

Contrasting responses of lichens and Vaccinium angustifolium to long-term acidification of a boreal forest ecosystem

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha G. Scott ◽  
Thomas C. Hutchinson ◽  
Marilyn J. Feth
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Understory Species

Over a 5-year period, we investigated the effects of simulated acidic precipitation on boreal forest understory species. Percent cover, net photosynthetic rate, and growth of three species of subarctic lichens were evaluated. Throughout the growing season, Cladina stellaris, Cladina rangiferina, and Cladina mitis, along with the associated vascular perennial, Vaccinium angustifolium, received twice-monthly sprays of artificial rain adjusted to pH 5.6, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, or 2.5 using a 2:1 ratio of sulfuric to nitric acids. Changes in percent cover of the flora in permanent plots were measured annually during treatment years and then for a 6th year to monitor postspray recovery. Following 5 years of spraying, combined cover values for the three lichen species had decreased by up to 27% in plots sprayed with rain of less than pH 4.0, while percent cover of V. angustifolium had increased by 55 %. Although losses in net photosynthesis of 65% occurred for lichens receiving rains of pH 2.5, differences were not significant and data were highly variable. However, increasing acidity of the sprays significantly suppressed mean podetial height and dry weight of C. stellaris and C. mitis. The effect on these lichens of shading by the potential competitor V. angustifolium was investigated in a companion study, and it was concluded that the growth suppression of C. stellaris was most likely related to rainfall acidity and not to light attenuation. Cladina mitis was more sensitive to low light levels. Although adversely affected by rain of pH 2.5, C. rangiferina showed stimulation of a number of growth parameters in plots sprayed with rain of pH 3.0. It was concluded that responses of boreal understory species are variable and complex, and that several species (i.e., C. rangiferina and V. angustifolium) are tolerant of rainfall of less than pH 3.5.

scholarly journals Analysis of morphological traits of bird's foot trefoil plants cv. Bokor transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes

Genetika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Radomirka Nikolic ◽  
Nevena Mitic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Transformed Plants ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Plant Length

An efficient method for genetic transformation and shoot regeneration was achieved in bird's foot trefoil cv. Bokor using A. rhizogens. The transformed shoots were regenerated on hairy root segments in high frequency. After rooting and acclimation, transformed To plants were grown in experimental field. Analysis of morphological traits and chemical content in ten unintentionally chosen To bird's foot trefoil plants (genotypes no. 2 and no. 5) was performed. They were compared to those of control non-transformed plants. The traits as a number of stems per plant, length of internodes in longest stem, number of flowers per plant and plan high were very significant differed than the same traits in control plants, while there were no significant differences in the leaf area. No signs of the rol genes genotype and "T" phenotype were present. The transformed plants had significantly higher content of cellulose, while the protein and nitrogen contents of are in the range of control plants.

scholarly journals Allometric Equations for the Aboveground Biomass of Selected Common Eastern Hardwood Understory Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette L. Dickinson ◽  
Eric K. Zenner
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Rosa Multiflora ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Elaeagnus Umbellata ◽  
Fit Index

Abstract Allometric equations were formulated for predicting the aboveground biomass of six groups of forest understory species (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.], blueberry [Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton, Vaccinium corymbosum L., and Vaccinium pallidum Aiton], hawthorn [Crataegus spp.], honeysuckle [Lonicera spp.], multiflora rose [Rosa multiflora Thunb.], and viburnum [Viburnum acerifolium L. and Viburnum dentatum L.]) common to Eastern hardwoods using basal diameter and/or height. As measured by fit index, basal diameter or height alone explained between 51 and 93% of the variation in oven-dry weight; this increased to 75‐96% when both basal diameter and height were used as predictors. Data were collected at four sites throughout Pennsylvania, but an evaluation of the importance of site as a blocking factor found site not to be statistically significant; therefore, the equations presented here may be used in a variety of forested sites within the greater mid-Atlantic region.

Stem number estimation by kernel smoothing of aerial photos

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1228-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Dralle ◽  
Mats Rudemo
Keyword(s):  
Kernel Smoothing ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Bandwidth Estimation ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Method ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Old Trees

A digitized aerial panchromatic photo of a thinning experiment in pure even-aged Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) is smoothed by a two-dimensional isotropic Gaussian kernel. The number of stems per hectare is estimated from the number of maxima above a certain level of the smoothed image. For the crucial kernel bandwidth estimation problem we suggest a two-step procedure where the first step consists of computing (for each homogeneous stand (or subplot)) an "internal curve" corresponding to the number of maxima at a series of bandwidths. The estimated stem number and the optimal bandwidth is then obtained as the crossing of the internal curve with an "external curve," here assumed to be of a simple parametric form. If a series of stands (or subplots) with different known stem numbers is available, the external curve can be estimated by use of a nonlinear regression method. An experiment with 48-year-old trees and six subplots with varying thinning treatments is analyzed. The stem number estimation method, checked by cross validation, performs satisfactorily for all thinning grades except the unthinned control.

Heat tolerance of rhizomes of several understory species

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite A. Flinn ◽  
Joan K. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Chamaedaphne Calyculata ◽  
Cornus Canadensis ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Maianthemum Canadense ◽  
Study Sites

Rhizomes of eight understory species: Gaultheria procumbens, Maianthemum canadense, Vaccinium angustifolium, Cornus canadensis, Pteridium aquilinum, Kalmia angustifolia, Chamaedaphne calyculata, and Rhododendron canadense were subjected to treatments of 45, 50, 55 and 60 °C for 5 min in a water bath. Selection of these species for study was based on differences in the depth of the rhizomes, in habitat, and in rhizome morphology. Samples were collected from study sites located near Halifax, in the Nova Scotia Acadian Forest region.Maximum shoot growth occurred at different temperatures for the various species: 45 °C for Cornus canadensis; 50 °C for Chamaedaphne calyculata, R. canadense, and V. angustifolium; 55 °C for G. procumbens and M. canadense. Death occurred at or below 60 °C for most species. For comparative purposes, a temperature tolerance index (TTI) was calculated for each species. The TTI indicated that R. canadense and V. angustifolium showed the greatest tolerance to higher temperatures and that K. angustifolia and P. aquilinum showed the least tolerance. Mean shoot number increased significantly following spring treatments for all species except for Cornus canadensis which showed greater increase following autumn treatments.

scholarly journals TAKSASI PRODUKSI MATA TUNAS SEBAGAI BENIH TEBU (SACHARRUM OFFICINARUM L.) DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANALISA REGRESI

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dhiaul Khuluq ◽  
Ruly Hamida
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Analysis Calculation ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Planting Method

<p>One of the problems encountered in the development of sugarcane (Sacharrum officinarum L.) includes the availability of sugarcane seed both in quality and quantity. Evaluation of bud sett planting method in seed production was required in order to achieve the expected results. The study was conducted at the experiment station Muktiharjo, Central Java in 2012 using PSJT 941 varieties. Treatments applied were the different number of buds on bud sett which were at 3 levels, 1 bud, 2 buds or 3 buds. Research was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 5 replications. Observations were conducted on germination, tillering, plant height, number of stems, number of suckers and number of buds. The data obtained were analyzed with ANOVA and further tested using the Duncan test. Production assessment modeling approach was performed by a regression analysis. Calculation of stem number on 2 buds showed the highest with 9.6 stems/m, 9.2 buds/stem and with the sucker numbers lowest at 0.38 suckers/m. The highest production buds was obtained at planting 2 buds with 847,848.06 buds/ha which can be used as 8.83 ha for the milled sugarcane plantation. Assessment of bud production per hectare could use equation Y = 159655,48.e0,171.X with the independent variable of stem numbers per meter with a correlation coefficient of 0,9007 and a standard error of 1,0699.</p>

Effects of conifer release treatments on the growth and fruit production of Vaccinium spp. in northwestern Ontario

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
F M Moola ◽  
A U Mallik ◽  
R A Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Multiple Treatment ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Multiple Treatments ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtilloides

Berry production and vegetative recovery of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) and velvet leaf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.) were documented for three growing seasons (1994, 1995, 1996) after brushsaw, single operational and multiple nonoperational Vision® herbicide (active ingredient glyphosate), and control treatments in a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) plantation in northwestern Ontario. Vaccinium angustifolium fruit production was significantly (P <= 0.05) reduced by both the single and multiple treatments in all 3 years of the study. Fruit production by V. myrtilloides was significantly (P <= 0.05) reduced only by the multiple treatment. The significant reduction in berry production by V. angustifolium contributed to an overall drop in the availability of blueberries (both species combined) on sprayed clearcuts in 1995 and 1996. Single and multiple treatments also significantly (P <= 0.05) reduced fresh mass and dry mass of total berries in 1995 and 1996. Compared with the controls, reductions in cover for both blueberry species were only significant (P <= 0.05) with the Vision® treatments. In clearcuts where V. angustifolium forms a major component of the Vaccinium spp. cover, the short-term reduction in fruit availability in sprayed areas may be considerable.

Drought response of mesophyll conductance in forest understory species - impacts on water-use efficiency and interactions with leaf water movement

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hommel ◽  
Rolf Siegwolf ◽  
Matthias Saurer ◽  
Graham D. Farquhar ◽  
Zachary Kayler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Use Efficiency

Morphology, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) plants as affected by in vitro and ex vitro propagation methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juran C. Goyali ◽  
Abir U. Igamberdiev ◽  
Samir C. Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Propagation Methods

Goyali, J. C., Igamberdiev, A. U. and Debnath, S. C. 2013. Morphology, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of lowbush blueberry ( Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) plants as affected by in vitro and ex vitro propagation methods. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1001–1008. The lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.), a commercially important crop in eastern Canada and the United States of America, is native to North America. It is one of the richest sources of antioxidant compounds and has been reported to be a potential component in reducing the incidence of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of propagation methods on morphological characters, phenolic content and antioxidant activity. A lowbush blueberry clone, QB 9C, and a cultivar, Fundy, were studied over two growing seasons after being propagated by conventional softwood cutting (SC) and by tissue culture (TC). Significant interactions among genotypes, propagation methods and growing seasons were observed for number of flower buds, total flavonoid (TFC) and proanthocyanidin (PAC) contents and antioxidant capacity. Propagation method interacted significantly with genotypes for the number of stems per plant and total phenolic (TPC) and chlorophyll contents, and with growing season for number of flower buds, TFC and PAC. TC plants produced higher number of stems and branches compared with SC plants. TPC, TFC, PAC, chlorophyll content and antioxidant activity were found in higher levels in the leaves of QB 9C compared with those of Fundy plants. The juvenile characteristics of TC plants which are triggered by growth hormones and readily available nutrients of culture media may be responsible for differences in morphological traits and antioxidant activity.

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