Sources of morphological variation and organization within and among populations of Balsamorhiza sagittata

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Robson ◽  
R. K. Scagel ◽  
J. Maze
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Balsamorhiza Sagittata ◽  
Two Populations

Comparisons of differences between morphological means of individual plant parts indicate that the greatest source of variation in two populations of Balsamorhiza sagittata is the individual plants within populations; within-population diversity is greater than among-population diversity. Variable covariance and correlations differ between individual plants and there are subgroups of interrelated variables that can be tied to developmental phenomena. The relationship between developmental phenomena and these groups of variables suggests a relationship between organizational, as reflected in variable interrelationships, and ontogenetic variation. These results are not adequately explained by neoDarwinian theory but are explained more comprehensively by a theory of evolution that views biological change over time as an intrinsically driven self-organization, accompanied by an increase in complexity (a manifestation of the "Second Law of Thermodynamics" as it applies to open systems).

The growth of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under spaced plant and sward conditions

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Knight
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Mediterranean Plants ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
The Individual

The cumulative growth of nine clones of Dactylis glomerata was compared under two conditions of spacing. The first spacing was chosen to provide conditions similar to those of a breeding nursery, the second, conditions met with in swards. Data were obtained for two growing seasons, the individual plant and its parts being considered at each harvest. Of the nine clones seven were developed from plants obtained from the Mediterranean region and two from Great Britain. There was a poor correlation between plants under the two spacing conditions, particularly as later in the life of the swards clones reacted differently to competition. Competition did not lead to a uniformity of top weight for the clones in the swards. These results are discussed in relation to the conflicting results of similar studies and the reaction of genotypes to factors of the environment affecting growth. It is suggested that plants in the vegetative phase are affected by competition differently from plants in the reproductive phase. Some clones were found to regenerate after summer dormancy more rapidly than others, but initial advantages were not maintained. The relative development of parts of the plants differed between clones, some having high proportions of their total weight below ground. At the time of reproduction, despite very large differences in total weight between plants of a clone under the two spacing conditions, the percentages of plant parts were very similar. A high mortality was shown during the summer by the two clones from northern European plants, but only a negligible mortality by the Mediterranean plants.

scholarly journals A CONCISE BOTANICAL CONSIDERATION ON VARIOUS PLANT PARTS (PRAYOJYANGA) STATED IN AYURVEDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2232-2240
Author(s):  
Mane Santosh S ◽  
Gajarmal Amit Ashok ◽  
Kamble Mayur Y
Keyword(s):  
Individual Plant ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Traditional Health Care ◽  
Cold Infusion ◽  
The Individual

The plants are the backbone of many traditional health care practices, and they are always said as best friends of human beings. In Ayurveda, The Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana has been quoted as the fundamental therapeutic preparations mostly as herbal preparations. Among them, Swarasa (Fresh juice) & Kalka (paste) are made gener- ally by fresh plant parts like leaves and tuberous roots. While dried Panchanga (whole plant) are mostly used in the preparation of Kwatha (decoction), Hima (cold infusion) and Phanta (hot infusion). The term Panchanga in- dicates Tvaka (bark), Pushpa (flower), Patra (leaves), Phala (fruit), and Mula (root). Apart from this, Saara (pith), Ksheera (latex), Niryasa (exudate/ oleoresin/gum) and Kanda (bulb) has been also cited in the Ayurveda text. With the help of modern plant science, information can be obtained for an upgraded, précised and easily un- derstanding of the individual plant part. Thus, this article provides ample information on the terminologies of plant parts in the classical text and their description in line with botanical science. Keywords: Panchanga, Ayurveda, Plant, Parts, Kashaya

Toddalia asiatica L. - A Rich Source of Phytoconstituents with Potential Pharmacological Actions, an Appropriate Plant for Recent Global Arena

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Praveena Alagaraj ◽  
Suriyavathana Muthukrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Rheumatic Arthritis ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Intercostal Neuralgia ◽  
Toddalia Asiatica ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Arena

: Toddalia asiatica L. is used for a long period against various chronic diseases. The main objective of the present review is to search the literature for the folklore uses, phytochemicals isolated and their pharmacological properties of Toddalia asiatica L. The individual plant parts possess many phytoconstituents with therapeutic actions. The root bark of the plant is antimalarial, antipyretic and carminative. Plant leaves and stems have bitter taste and analgesic in nature. Leaf essential oil is used in relieving rheumatic arthritis, sprains, contusions, intercostal neuralgia, cough, malaria, dysentery and gastralgia. This compiled data may be helpful for the researchers to focus on the areas of research yet to be discovered. Complete information about the plant has been collected from various books, journals etc.

scholarly journals Presence of Bradyrhizobium sp. under Continental Conditions in Central Europe

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Anne Griebsch ◽  
Nicole Matschiavelli ◽  
Sylwia Lewandowska ◽  
Knut Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Sp ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Lower Silesia

Soil samples from different locations with varied soybean cultivation histories were taken from arable fields in 2018 in East Germany and Poland (Lower Silesia) to evaluate the specific microsymbionts of the soybean, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, one to seven years after inoculation. Soybeans were grown in the selected farms between 2011 and 2017. The aim of the experiment was to investigate whether there is a difference in rhizobia contents in soils in which soybeans have been recultivated after one to seven years break, and whether this could lead to differences in soybean plant growth. The obtained soil samples were directly transferred into containers, then sterilized soybean seeds were sown into pots in the greenhouse. After 94 days of growth, the plants were harvested and various parameters such as the nodular mass, number of nodules, and dry matter in the individual plant parts were determined. In addition, the relative abundances of Bradyrhizobium sp. in soil samples were identified by sequencing. No major decline in Bradyrhizobium sp. concentration could be observed due to a longer interruption of soybean cultivation. Soil properties such as pH, P, and Mg contents did not show a significant influence on the nodule mass or number, but seem to have an influence on the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium sp. The investigations have shown that Bradyrhizobium japonicum persists in arable soils even under Central European site conditions and enters into an effective symbiosis with soybeans for up to seven years.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Simone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Existential Perspective

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world: A Heideggerian Study explores Woolf’s treatment of the relationship between self and world from a phenomenological-existential perspective. This study presents a timely and compelling interpretation of Virginia Woolf’s textual treatment of the relationship between self and world from the perspective of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Drawing on Woolf’s novels, essays, reviews, letters, diary entries, short stories, and memoirs, the book explores the political and the ontological, as the individual’s connection to the world comes to be defined by an involvement and engagement that is always already situated within a particular physical, societal, and historical context. Emma Simone argues that at the heart of what it means to be an individual making his or her way in the world, the perspectives of Woolf and Heidegger are founded upon certain shared concerns, including the sustained critique of Cartesian dualism, particularly the resultant binary oppositions of subject and object, and self and Other; the understanding that the individual is a temporal being; an emphasis upon intersubjective relations insofar as Being-in-the-world is defined by Being-with-Others; and a consistent emphasis upon average everydayness as both determinative and representative of the individual’s relationship to and with the world.

The importance and significance of gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
P.N. Veropotvelyan ◽  
◽  
I.S. Tsehmistrenko ◽  
N.P. Veropotvelyan ◽  
N.S. Rusak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Extended Study ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
Detoxification System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Was to conduct a systematic review of data on the relationship between polymorphisms genes of detoxification system and development of preeclampsia (РЕ). Рresents the main genes of detoxification system (GSTPI, GSTМI, GSTТI, GРХI, ЕРНХI, SOD-2, SOD-3, CYPIAL, MTHЕR, MTR) and their functions. Of interest is the possibility of calculating the individual risk of PE based on the results about the presence of a combination of different polymorphisms in the genotype of the female. Question about early diagnosis of РЕ remains controversial and not fully understood. It is necessary to conduct further in-depth, extended study of this problem. Key words: preeclampsia, oxidative stress, genes of the detoxification system.

Co-creating the Psychological “White Picket Fence”: Three Gay Couples’ Relationship Reconfiguration

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prevan Moodley ◽  
Francois Rabie
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
South African ◽  
Gay Couples ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Picket Fence ◽  
Open Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Porous Boundaries

Many gay couples engage in nonmonogamous relationships. Ideas about nonmonogamy have historically been theorised as individual pathology and indicating relational distress. Unlike mixed-sex couples, boundaries for gay couples are often not determined by sexual exclusivity. These relationships are built along a continuum of open and closed, and sexual exclusivity agreements are not restricted to binaries, thus requiring innovation and re-evaluation. Three white South African gay couples were each jointly interviewed about their open relationship, specifically about how this is negotiated. In contrast to research that uses the individual to investigate this topic, this study recruited dyads. The couples recalled the initial endorsement of heteronormative romantic constructions, after which they shifted to psychological restructuring. The dyad, domesticated through the stock image of a white picket fence, moved to a renewed arrangement, protected by “rules” and imperatives. Abbreviated grounded theory strategies led to a core category, “co-creating porous boundaries”, and two themes. First, the couple jointly made heteronormative ideals porous and, second, they reconfigured the relationship through dyadic protection. The overall relationship ideology associated with the white picket fence remained intact despite the micro-innovations through which the original heteronormative patterning was reconfigured.

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