Mesocyparis borealis gen. et sp. nov.: fossil Cupressaceae from the early Tertiary of Saskatchewan, Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2338-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. McIver ◽  
J. F. Basinger
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Cone Structure ◽  
Reproductive Morphology ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Seed Cone ◽  
First Time

Fossil cedar foliage of the Cupressinocladus interruptus type, with associated seeds and cones, is locally abundant in Paleocene deposits of the Ravenscrag Formation, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. Vegetative remains of this type occur frequently in early Tertiary plant assemblages throughout the northern hemisphere, indicating that this now extinct cedar was once widespread. For the first time this cedar can be described on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive morphology. Foliage is frond-like with a characteristic opposite branching pattern. Seed cones are globose and woody and bear four equal and decussate scales with prominent umbos. Seeds bear large, equal, semicircular wings. The fossil cedar appears most closely related to extant Cupressaceae such as Thuja, Chamaecyparis, and Heyderia. Foliage closely resembles that of Thuja, while cones are most similar to those of Chamaecyparis. The fossil differs sufficiently in foliage and seed cone structure to preclude assignment to an extant genus and is here assigned to Mesocyparis borealis gen. et sp. nov. Similarities among such extant genera as Thuja, Chamaecyparis, Heyderia, and Thujopsis and the fossil Mesocyparis borealis suggest that all may belong to a single natural group. Furthermore, this group may be more closely related to the southern hemispheric genera Libocedrus, Papuacedrus, and Austrocedrus than present classification schemes imply. Our examination of the Cupressaceae indicates that a revision of present systems of classification is required to accommodate evidence from both extant and extinct cedars.

The morphology and relationships of Thuja polaris sp.nov. (Cupressaceae) from the early Tertiary, Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1903-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. McIver ◽  
J. F. Basinger
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Central China ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Seed Cone ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Northwestern North America

Fossil foliage and seed cones of Thuja (Cupressaceae) have been discovered in early Tertiary (Paleocene) sediments of the Eureka Sound Group on Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Vegetative remains of the fossil species, Thuja polaris sp.nov., bear alternately branched, moderately divided, flattened, and pinnatelike sprays with scale-like, decussate leaves. Seed cones are oblong, bearing 8 – 9 pairs of thin, probably leathery cone scales with distinct, reflexed umbos. Fossil cones and foliage resemble closely those of extant Thuja plicata. However, fossil seed cones have twice as many pairs of scales as do extant species of Thuja. A review of the fossil record indicates that most Thuja-like vegetative remains which have been reported from Cretaceous and Tertiary deposits in the Northern Hemisphere are best assigned to form taxa and not to extant genera. Reproductive material from four Tertiary localities can be assigned to Thuja on the basis of seed cone structure. The evolutionary history of the genus, based on fossil and extant seed cone morphology, appears to include a reduction in the number of cone scales. Extant species form a closely related, natural group and, with the exception of T. sutchuenensis, may have arisen from an ancestor similar to T. polaris. Although Thuja was widespread in the Northern Hemisphere during much of the Tertiary, the genus is now confined to northeastern and northwestern North America, and to Japan, Korea, and central China.

Fossil seed cones of Fokienia (Cupressaceae) from the Paleocene Ravenscrag Formation of Saskatchewan, Canada

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1609-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. McIver ◽  
J. F. Basinger
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Cone Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
Seed Cone ◽  
Early Paleocene ◽  
Mosaic Evolution ◽  
Branch Morphology

Foliage bearing seed cones that are remarkably similar to those of extant Fokienia (Cupressaceae) have been recovered from early Paleocene sediments of the Ravenscrag Formation, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. The cones are borne in opposite pairs, are about 12.0 mm long and 10.0 mm wide, with 8–10 woody, decussate, peltate scales. Foliage branches oppositely and bears thin, flattened leaves in whorls of four. Although branching pattern and leaf morphology differ from that of modern Fokienia, similarity in seed cone structure allows assignment to this genus. These fossil remains indicate that cone structure comparable to modern Fokienia had evolved by the earliest Tertiary and has probably remained stable since. The vegetative remains indicate, however, that leaf and branch morphology has continued to evolve over this period of time (mosaic evolution), or that the diversity of morphological forms has in the past been greater in Fokienia and that extinction has limited this diversity. Such data reinforce the principle that seed cone structure should be the basis for identification of fossil Cupressaceae remains. Key words: Fokienia, Cupressaceae, Paleocene, fossil, seed cones, evolution.

New chironomids from Eocene Sakhalinian amber (Diptera; Chironomidae; Orthocladiinae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Baranov ◽  
Evgeny E. Perkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fossil Resins

Non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) are recorded in the Sakhalinian amber (Russia) for the first time.Pseudorthocladius zherikhinisp. n. is described in an extant genus of Orthocladiinae also known from the Baltic amber.Antillocladussp. (Orthocladiinae) is the first representative of this genus recorded from fossil resins.

scholarly journals Astrometric Programs by the New Hamburg Plate Measuring Machine

1994 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt ◽  
L. Winter ◽  
N. Zacharias
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Sky Surveys ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
First Time

With the new Hamburg astrometric measuring machine, large sets of plates can be digitized very quickly with submicrometer accuracy. In particular about 2000 plates of the AGK2-catalog, mean epoch 1930, can be remeasured now for the first time to their limiting magnitude, about B = 11. The new AGK2-data therefore will cover practically the whole AC-catalog and TYCHO-stars in the northern hemisphere. All plates will be reduced using the HIPPARCOS results as the reference frame when available in 1996. The new AGK2-data will provide a unique data base for the determination of high accuracy proper motions (about 2 mas/yr) of all TYCHO stars in the northern hemisphere. Furthermore, for the first time a dense reference frame for a final reduction of the Astrographic Catalog (AC) and the large deep sky surveys will be generated by this catalog. The inferior situation in the southern hemisphere will be addressed briefly.

scholarly journals Emission-Line Fluxes of Northern Planetary Nebulae

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aksaker ◽  
S. K. Yerli ◽  
Ü Kızıloğlu ◽  
B. Atalay
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Supernova Remnants ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Line Flux ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
First Time

AbstractWe present long slit spectrophotometric emission line fluxes of bright and extended (< 5 arcsec in diameter) planetary nebulae (PNe), selected from a catalogue with suitable equatorial coordinates for northern hemisphere. In total, 17 planetary nebulae have been chosen and observed in 2008–2010. To measure absolute fluxes, broad slit sizes, ranging from 3.5 to 7.5 arcsec were used and thus equivalent widths (EW) of all observable emission line fluxes were also calculated. Among 17 planetary nebulae observed, line flux measurements of 12 of them were made for the first time. This work also aims to extend the sky coverage of emission line flux standards in northern hemisphere (52 planetary nebulae in southern hemisphere; 6 planetary nebulae in northern hemisphere). Electron temperatures and densities, and chemical abundances of these planetary nebulae were also calculated in this work. These data are expected to lead the photometric or spectrometric further work for absolute emission line flux measurements needed for H ii regions, supernova remnants etc.

scholarly journals The first report of Nervilia lilacea Jum. & H. Perrier (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) from Kenya and the Northern Hemisphere

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Vivian Kathambi ◽  
Peris Kamau ◽  
Geoffrey Mwachala ◽  
Itambo Malombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Time

Nervilia lilacea is recorded from Kenya as well as the Northern Hemisphere for the first time. A plate of ink drawing and a distribution map are provided based on the new collection.

First inclusion of a trichiine beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Baltic amber

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
VITALII I. ALEKSEEV
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Fossil Insects ◽  
Fossil Plant ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Large Flower

Baltic amber forms the largest known Konservat-Lagerstätte of fossil plant resin and the richest repository of fossil insects of any age on Earth. Despite a long history of palaeobiological research of Baltic amber (over 200 years) and really intensive taxonomic study in the last decade, many interesting and new bioinclusions await scientific attention. In the current paper, the brief report of an unique large flower chafer inclusion from the Early Tertiary Baltic amber is provided. The author decided not to formally create a new genus and not to subjectively assign the Eocene beetle to an extant genus. However, the specimen seems to be remarkable and surprising in different aspects. The reported Eocene beetle is: 1) one of the oldest members of the subfamily Cetoniinae and also the earliest fossil record of the tribe Trichiini; 2) the first known representative of the subfamily in Baltic amber; 3) the largest known beetle fossilized in amber; and 4) an unique example of mineralized fossil included in amber.

Fuchsia pollen from the tertiary of Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Berry ◽  
JJ Skvarla ◽  
D PartridgeA ◽  
MK Macphail
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
New Localities

Pollen of Diporites aspis, corresponding to the extant genus Fuchsia, is reported from Late Oligocene to Early Miocene strata in two new localities in Australia. They extend the range of Diporites pollen in Australia from the Otway Basin in Victoria to the Capricorn Basin offshore Queensland, and they bring to six the number of Diporites specimens in Australia, from five different sites. These reports establish the presence of Fuchsia in Australasia from at least the Early Oligocene, when mesic forests were widespread across Australia. Fuchsia reached New Zealand by the Late Oligocene and has survived there until the present, but is not known to have survived in Australia past the late Miocene. These results support the hypothesis of an early Tertiary origin of the genus in southern temperate forests.

Neubeschreibung von Parasitus talparum Oudemans, 1913 (Acari/Mesostigmata: Parasitidae)

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Wiktor Micherdzinski ◽  
Lars Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
First Time

AbstractRedescription of Parasitus talparum Oudemans, 1913. The deutonymph of P. talparum is redescribed and the female described for the first time. The species is close to Parasitus fucorum (De Geer, 1778), P. numismaticus Vitzthum, 1930, and P. willmanni Holzmann, 1969. These species comprise a natural group inhabiting the nests of bumble-bees and moles.

scholarly journals Does mathematics have elements?

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
P.R. Halmos
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Prime Number ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Middle Ages

For Empedocles, a little over 2400 years ago, there were four chemical elements, fire, water, earth, and air, and they were continually brought together and torn apart by two opposing forces, harmony and discord. For Aristotle, a hundred years later, two binary classification schemes took the place of one: instead of harmony-discord, he had wet-dry and hot-cold. The serious alchemists of the middle ages found that nature was even more complicated than that; they classified matter by its luster, heaviness, combustilibity, solubility, and so on. Boyle, in the 1600's, offered a definition similar to that of a prime number – an element is a substance from which other substances can be made but which cannot be separated into different substances – and analytical chemistry was off and running. A hundred years later Lavoisier (inspired in part by Newton's insight into the paramount importance of weight) could formulate a modified definition that led for the first time to quantitative tables of chemical elements similar to our modern ones.

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