Evaluation of birdsfoot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) regenerated plants following in vitro selection for herbicide tolerance

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1275-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. MacLean ◽  
W. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Selection For ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Suspension cultures of Lotus corniculatus L., cv. Leo, were treated with the herbicides 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (10–20 ppm) or chlorsulfuron (2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide) (0.5–1.0 ppb) to select for either herbicide resistance or tolerance. Effects of the selection process on regeneration, pollen, chromosome number, and herbicide sensitivity of regenerates were evaluated. Plantlets regenerated from selective 2,4-D cultures exhibited low in vitro rooting percentage, a high percentage of shrivelled pollen, and variation in chromosome number. The effect of 2,4-D was confounded, in some cases, with the effect of duration of culture period. A slight degree of tolerance was observed in one of the selections to chlorsulfuron at 10 to 20 g ha−1. No sign of tolerance to 2,4-D was observed at 1.0 kg ha−1.

scholarly journals Maintenance of male sterile germplasm in Brassica rapa by in vitro propagation

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-D. GUO ◽  
T. NIEMELÄ ◽  
U. TULISALO
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

An efficient tissue culture system for plant regeneration, from mature cut branches, was established to maintain male sterile material in Brassica rapa L. The new-growth immature pods from the cut branches were used as explantsresults in callus initiation (37 calli from 25 explants) and shoot formation (17 shoots from 75 explants) than flower buds and branch stems. Auxin [2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2 to 5 mg l-1] and cytokinin [6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 2 to 4 mg l-1] were essential in callus and shoot formation, respectively. Callus initiation and shoot regeneration capacities were genotype dependent. The regenerated plants were male sterile and were used in breeding programs.;

scholarly journals Riboswitch identification using Ligase-Assisted Selection for the Enrichment of Responsive Ribozymes (LigASERR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C Haines ◽  
Marko Storch ◽  
Diego A Oyarzún ◽  
Guy-Bart Stan ◽  
Geoff S Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Generating Functional ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In vitro selection of ligand-responsive ribozymes can identify rare, functional sequences from large libraries. While powerful, key caveats of this approach include lengthy and demanding experimental workflows; unpredictable experimental outcomes and unknown functionality of enriched sequences in vivo. To address the first of these limitations, we developed Ligase-Assisted Selection for the Enrichment of Responsive Ribozymes (LigASERR). LigASERR is scalable, amenable to automation and requires less time to implement compared to alternative methods. To improve the predictability of experiments, we modeled the underlying selection process, predicting experimental outcomes based on sequence and population parameters. We applied this new methodology and model to the enrichment of a known, in vitro-selected sequence from a bespoke library. Prior to implementing selection, conditions were optimized and target sequence dynamics accurately predicted for the majority of the experiment. In addition to enriching the target sequence, we identified two new, theophylline-activated ribozymes. Notably, all three sequences yielded riboswitches functional in Escherichia coli, suggesting LigASERR and similar in vitro selection methods can be utilized for generating functional riboswitches in this organism.

In Vitro Shoot Regeneration from Callus Derived from Marubakaido Apple Rootstock under Different Aluminium Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 460e-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa F. de Oliveira ◽  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
João B. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

The aim of this work was to evaluate the organogenesis of Marubakaido apple rootstock under different aluminium concentratons. The explants were calli derived from apple internodes treated with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or pichloram at 0.5 and 1.0 μM and under five different aluminium concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L). These calli were then treated with aluminium at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L. It was observed shoot regeneration only for those calli previously treated with pichloram. There were no significant difference among the aluminium concentrations.

Characterization of the Reproductive Mode in Guayule In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 483a-483
Author(s):  
Roy N. Keys ◽  
Dennis T. Ray ◽  
David A. Dierig
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray, Asteraceae) is a latex-producing perennial desert shrub that is potentially of economic importance as an industrial crop for the desert Southwest. It is known to possess complex reproductive modes. Diploids are predominantly sexual and self-incompatible, while polyploids show a range of apomictic potential and self-compatibility. This paper describes the development of a relatively rapid and simple technique for characterizing reproductive modes of breeding lines of P. argentatum. Initial field experiments were based on an auxin test used successfully to characterize reproductive mode in the Poaceae. The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited embryo formation in P. argentatum, but this was not the case with other auxins tested. Results of field experiments were ambiguous because: 1) the floral structure of P. argentatum is such that auxins might not have penetrated to the ovules, and 2) there was potential self-fertilization by pollen released within isolation bags. Therefore, in vitro culture of flower heads was tested because it provided much better control of environmental conditions, growth regulator application, and pollen release. Auxin alone, or in combination with gibberellic acid or kinetin, inhibited parthenogenesis in vitro. Embryo production did not vary using two substantially different nutrient media. In vitro flower head culture using a (Nitsch and Nitsch) liquid nutrient medium without growth regulators, enabled characterization of the reproductive mode of seven breeding lines, ranging from predominantly sexual to predominantly apomictic. The results of this technique were substantiated using RAPD analyzes of progeny arrays from controlled crosses.

In vitro Selection for Fusaric Acid Resistant Barley Plants

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Chawla ◽  
G. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Selection For

Selectivity of auxin for induction and growth of callus from excised embryo of spring and winter wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Zhou ◽  
T. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Methoxybenzoic Acid

The callus-promoting activity of most commonly known as well as some rarely tested auxins was compared with that of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for in vitro culture of the excised embryo of spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), cv. Chinese Spring and cv. Fredrick. Different auxins in a concentration range from 1 to 50 μM showed widely different activities. Also the two wheat cultivars responded differently to the auxins. When rapid callus formation with limited root growth was used as the basis for comparison, 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (2-MCPP), α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), 4-amino-3,5,6,trichloropicolinic acid (picloram), γ-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid, in the order of effectiveness, were superior to 2,4,-D for callus induction from the embryo of 'Chinese Spring,' although the concentration required was higher than that of 2,4-D. For the winter wheat 'Fredrick,' however, only picloram, dicamba, and 2-MCPP performed as well as 2,4-D. All auxins tested promoted shoot growth; 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxypropionic acid was most effective for 'Chinese Spring,' whereas picloram was most effective for 'Fredrick.'

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document