Floral induction in date palm seedlings (Phoenix dactylifera var. Deglet Nour) cultured in vitro

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saïda Ammar ◽  
Abdellatif Benbadis ◽  
Bal Krishna Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Precocious Flowering ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Bud Initiation

Flower bud initiation in 5-month-old seedlings of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. var. Deglet Nour) was studied under controlled conditions. Normally inflorescence formation in mature plants takes 8 to 10 years. In juvenile plants inflorescence formation was induced in a 16-h day at 28 °C, by a combination of 6-benzylaminopurine, indoleacetic acid, and glucose or sucrose. The present investigation has determined favourable cultural conditions for floral induction in date palm in vitro at a very early stage of ontogeny. Both male and female flowers were induced on young plants. Floral induction usually occurred only when root formation was completely inhibited. The apparent antagonism between root formation and floral development suggests a possible competition in the young plant for growth substances, although production of floral inhibitory substances from the root cannot be precluded. These observations on the induction of precocious flowering in date palm seedlings suggest a model of development, corresponding to neoteny, of this tree as an herb.

scholarly journals In vitro response of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) inflorescence explants to high 2iP and 2,4-D concentrations

2020 ◽  
pp. 831-835
Author(s):  
Juliana Martins Ribeiro ◽  
Silvio Lopes Teixeira ◽  
Joselita Cardoso de Souza ◽  
Brenda Lima Ribeiro ◽  
Antônio Bruno Nunes Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Inflorescence Explants ◽  
In Vitro Response ◽  
Floral Bud

One of the major problems related to the implementation of date palm crops in Brazil is propagation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using tissue culture technique for the in vitro propagation of this species. Hence, the effect of 2iP and 2,4-D on the in vitro response of date palm inflorescence tissues, related to floral bud swelling, callusing, and rhizogenesis, was evaluated. The absence of 2,4-D was more detrimental to the in vitro response of inflorescence bud explants than absence of 2iP. In treatments without addition of 2,4-D to the culture medium, explants did not have swelling, callus or root formation. The treatment containing 150 mg/L 2,4-D in the presence of 1.5 mg/L 2iP initiated explant swelling, and treatments with either 100 mg/L or 150 mg/L 2,4-D, combined with 3.0 mg/L 2iP, were also efficient in stimulating in vitro swelling of inflorescence buds. Rhizogenesis was induced at the highest concentrations of 2,4-D (100 and 150 mg/L), combined with 4.5 mg/L 2iP, and was visually more evident in the treatment containing 150 mg/L 2,4-D + 4.5 mg/L 2iP. These results suggest that even higher concentrations of these two reagents might be efficient in the micropropagation of new existing date palm genotypes in the Submedium São Francisco River Valley.

scholarly journals 2,4-D induction of somaclonal variations in in vitro grown date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv Barhee)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emna Baklouti ◽  
Thierry Beulé ◽  
Amèni Nasri ◽  
Amal Ben Romdhane ◽  
Riadh Drira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Free Media

Abstract The present study is a part of a program designed at improving the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Barhee, through induced somaclonal variation. In this work, caulogenic cultures were subcultured on MS media supplemented with 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg L− 1 2,4-D in order to induce genetic and epigenetic variations. The highest doses of 2,4-D were found to induce severe negative effects on in vitro cultures, although some tissues were able to survive and to produce calli with high morphogenetic capacities. Our analysis showed some significant effect of 2,4-D on several physiological parameters. Indeed, chlorophyll and growth rates were found to drastically decrease while proline content increased from 535 nmol g− 1 to 2973 nmol g− 1 FW when 40 mg L− 1 2,4-D were used. In vitro cultures showed several signs of oxidative stress, such as high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA); likewise, the specific activity of several antioxidant enzyme was found to increase. Plant regeneration from in vitro cultures treated with 2,4-D was obtained after subculturing explants onto PGR-free media. The ISSR analysis of 2,4-D-treated material showed that this plant growth regulator (PGR) induced measurable genetic variations. The global DNA methylation rates (GMR) as estimated through the HPLC analysis of nucleosides also confirmed the presence of epigenetic changes caused by 2,4-D as GMRs increased from 13.8–18.93%.

scholarly journals Introduction Pages

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. I-VI
Author(s):  
Radu E. SESTRAS
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
African Mahogany

Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 1, Volume 11, 2019: The papers published in this issue (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/issue/current) represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting researches, we invite readers to find news about: The role of DNA Methylation in perennial plants; Peste des petits ruminants: Aetiology, pathology, immunology, disease status in Africa, diagnosis, control, prevention and treatment; Phytotherapy and polycyclic logging: implication on genetic multiplicity and diversity of African mahogany in tropical rainforest; Insight into re-emergence of cassava brown streak disease: the need to explore diverse approaches for effective control; Microbiological characterization of grilled meat “Tchatchanga” in Cotonou (Southern Benin): Enumeration, isolation and resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; Development of shoot cultures from leaf explant of Portulaca quadrifida L.; Evaluation of in vitro shoot elongation and rooting of date palm, and determination of physiological characteristics of regenerated plantlets; Maturation and germination of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) somatic embryos; Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of black brand of lipton tea (Camellia sinensis) on normal male albino rats.

scholarly journals In vitro Morphogenesis of Arabian Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Hasnatul Arefin ◽  
Md. Amzad Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Shoot Initiation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Young Leaves

After inoculation of young leaves of date palm offshoot required about six months to complete the morphogenesis process. Fourteen weeks were required for embryogenic callus formation under continuous dark condition and nine weeks for shoot initiation (under 16/8 h light/dark). The highest number of explants (80%) produced callus in modified MS containing 5 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l 2ip. Sixty per cent of explants produced callus in the modified medium containing 5 mg/l 2,4-D + 5 mg/l NAA. while only 50 per cent of the explants formed callus in the same medium when supplemented with only 5 mg/l 2,4-D. The induced calli were transferred to modified MS for shoot proliferation. A combination of two cytokines showed better performance than single ones in shoot induction. The highest percentage (70) of shoot developed in modified MS containing 2 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l Kn. Forty per cent shoot induction was found in the same medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of BAP. Thirty per cent shoot formed in MS containing 1 mg/l of Kn. The shoots were subcultured at three- four week intervals throughout culture duration. D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v23i2.17522 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 23(2): 211-219, 2013  (December)

CRYOPRESERVATION OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) CULTURED IN VITRO

2007 ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Bekheet ◽  
H.S. Taha ◽  
M.E. Solliman ◽  
N.A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L

scholarly journals Date palm micropropagation: Advances and applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri ◽  
Poornananda Madhava Naik
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Adult Trees

ABSTRACT Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a fruit tree resilient to adverse climatic conditions predominating in hot arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. The date fruit contains numerous chemical components that possess high nutritional and medicinal values. Traditional propagation by offshoots is inefficient to satisfy current demands for date palm trees. Alternatively, micropropagation provides an efficient means for large-scale propagation of date palm cultivars. Both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, either directly or indirectly though the callus phase, have been demonstrated in date palm in vitro regeneration. Culture initiation commonly utilizes shoot-tip explants isolated from young offshoots. Recently, the immature inflorescences of adult trees were utilized as an alternative nondestructive source of explants. In addition to the nature of the explant used, successful plant regeneration depends on the cultivar, composition of the culture medium and physical status. Challenges of date palm micropropagation include long in vitro cycle, latent contamination, browning, somaclonal variation as well as ex vitro acclimatization and transplanting. A remarkable amount of research investigating these factors has led to optimized protocols for the micropropagation of numerous commercially important cultivars. This has encouraged the development of several international commercial tissue culture laboratories. Molecular characterization provides an assurance of genetic conformity of regenerated plantlets, a key feature for commercial production. This article describes date palm micropropagation protocols and also discusses recent achievements with respect to somaclonal variation, molecular markers, cryopreservation and future prospects.

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