Ultrastructure and influences of temperature on the in vitro production of Coprinus psychromorbidus sclerotia

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Traquair ◽  
Denis A. Gaudet ◽  
Eric G. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Intercellular Matrix ◽  
Sclerotium Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of temperature on the production of sclerotia by the snow mold basidiomycete, Coprinus psychromorbidus, are described for the first time. Numbers of sclerotia produced and the optimum temperature for sclerotium production were variable for isolates observed. In general, the influence of temperature on sclerotium production was independent of its influence on colony growth. Optimal temperatures for production of sclerotia were higher than those for radial growth of colonies. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a centripetal pattern of differentiation in developing sclerotia. Distinctive rind, cortex, and medulla were evident after 8 to 10 weeks. Rind and cortex were multilayered. Thick-walled cells were cemented together by an amorphous intercellular matrix. Melanin was located in the rind cell walls for the first time by scanning electron microscopy and backscattered electron imaging of silver-stained sections. With the transmission electron microscope, melanin granules were observed only in the intercellular matrix and outer layers of rind cell walls. Inflated medullary cells were predominantly thin walled and contained vacuolate cytoplasm.

Interactions hôte–parasite lors de l'infection par Cercosporella herpotrichoides, agent du piétin-verse : morphologie du parasite et ultrastructure des parois d'hôtes sensibles et résistants

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Soulie ◽  
Brigitte Vian ◽  
Thérèse Guillot-Salomon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Scanning Electron

Segments of seedlings of susceptible and resistant lines of Triticineae were infected in vitro by a virulent strain of Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. Samples were taken 4 days after inoculation and examined using scanning electron microscopy. In susceptible lines, a strong adhesion and an important development of the mycelium occurred in contact with the coleoptile. Simultaneously, a massive sporulation was observed. Conversely, in resistant lines, the hyphal stroma remained loose and poorly developed and failed to sporulate. A cytochemical and ultrastructural study of the walls of host cells showed changes in texture and an important deposition of strongly reactive compounds. These components could not be extracted by the usual solvents of matrix constituents of both cellulosic and lignified cell walls. An enhanced synthesis of such substances could prevent the action of the parasite glycolytic enzymes and therefore stop the fungal invasion. The wall, or at least some of its components, seems to be implicated both in the recognition of the pathogen by the host and in the triggering of a response leading to sequestration of the latter and arrest in its development.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Adherence to Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
William J. Lamoreaux ◽  
David L. Smalley ◽  
Larry M. Baddour ◽  
Alfred P. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Intravascular Devices ◽  
Capd Patient ◽  
Scanning Electron

Infections associated with the use of intravascular devices have been documented and have been reported to be related to duration of catheter usage. Recently, Eaton et al. reported that Staphylococcus epidermidis may attach to silastic catheters used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment. The following study presents findings using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of S. epidermidis adherence to silastic catheters in an in vitro model. In addition, sections of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dialysis bags were also evaluated by SEM.The S. epidermidis strain RP62A which had been obtained in a previous outbreak of coagulase-negative staphylococcal sepsis at local hospitals was used in these experiments. The strain produced surface slime on exposure to glucose, whereas a nonadherent variant RP62A-NA, which was also used in these studies, failed to produce slime. Strains were grown overnight on blood agar plates at 37°C, harvested from the surface and resuspended in sterile saline (0.85%), centrifuged (3,000 rpm for 10 minutes) and then washed twice in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.0. Organisms were resuspended at a concentration of ca. 106 CFU/ml in: a) sterile unused dianeal at 4.25% dextrose, b) sterile unused dianeal at 1.5% dextrose, c) sterile used dialysate previously containing 4.25% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient, and d) sterile used dialysate previously containing 1.5% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient.

The Mesothelial Cell as a Non-Thrombogenic Surface

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Nicholson ◽  
J M F Clarke ◽  
R M Pittilo ◽  
S J Machin ◽  
N Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryA technique for harvesting mesothelial cells is described. This entails collagenase digestion of omentum after which the cells can be cultured. The technique has been developed using the rat, but has also been successfully applied to human tissue. Cultured rat mesothelial cells obtained in this way have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. Rat mesothelial cells grown on plastic film have been exposed to blood in an in vitro system using a Baumgartner chamber and have been demonstrated to support blood flow. No adhering platelets were observed on the mesothelial cell surface. Fibroblasts similarily exposed to blood as a control were washed off the plastic.

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE: POSSIBILITIES FOR STUDYING KIDNEY DISEASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
Mamaeva S.N. ◽  
Vinokurov R.R. ◽  
Munkhalova Ya.A. ◽  
Dyakonova D.P. ◽  
Platonova V.A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Currently, due to the intensive development of high-tech science-intensive medical and research devices, more and more attention is paid to the development of diagnostics of rare and difficult to diagnose diseases. It is known that among numerous nephropathies, hematuria may be the only symptom of kidney and urinary tract diseases, which complicates their diagnosis and treatment. In order to develop new approaches for the diagnosis of nephropathies, the authors have been studying the morphology of red blood cells in the blood and urine of children and adults using a scanning electron microscope for several years. The paper presents the results of studies of children with various kidney diseases, including IgA-nephropathy, and chronic glomerulonephritis. Scanning electron microscopy was used for the first time to detect nanoparticles on the surface of red blood cells, the size of which is comparable to the size of viruses, which became the basis for one of the authors ' assumptions, namely, the possible transport of certain types of viruses by red blood cells. Thus, some kidney diseases could be considered virus-associated. This paper presents for the first time the results of determining the glomerular filtration rate of both kidneys separately in the study of separate kidney function and of the study of urine smears obtained during catheterization of the ureters in patients with hydronephrosis of one of the kidneys by scanning electron microscopy. As in previous studies, nanoparticles were found on the surface of red blood cells, which leads to the conclusion about the possible viral nature of the disease of the considered patient. In addition, smear images obtained using a microscope showed a significant difference in the elements of the right and left kidneys urine, which did not contradict the data on the study of glomerular filtration rate. According to the authors, the capabilities of the scanning electron microscope can be applied in fundamental research of kidney diseases at the cellular and molecular levels, forming new ideas about their origin, as well as on the basis of which new methods of non-invasive diagnostics can be built.

Study of Phosphocalcic Glasses from SiO2-CaO-P2O5 System with and Without Silver II. The bioactivity analysis by FTIR, SEM methods and microbiological study of silver-doped glasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188-1192
Author(s):  
Daniela Avram ◽  
Nicolae Angelescu ◽  
Dan Nicolae Ungureanu ◽  
Ionica Ionita ◽  
Iulian Bancuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Doped Glasses ◽  
P2o5 System ◽  
Scanning Electron

The study in vitro of the glass powders bioactivity was performed by soaking them in simulated body fluid for 3 to 21 days at a temperature of 37�C and pH = 7.20. The synthesis de novo of hydroxyapatite, post soaking was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study of the antimicrobial activity was performed by microbiological examination on two strains of pathogenic bacteria involved in postoperative nosocomial infections.

scholarly journals Labellum and gynostemium micromorphology in Polystachya (Orchidaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 307 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mytnik Joanna ◽  
Davies L. Kevin ◽  
Narajczyk Magdalena ◽  
Łuszczek Dorota ◽  
Kubiak Joanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Capitate Trichomes ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractPolystachya is a large, pantropical orchid genus of 200 species, most of which occur as epiphytes in sub-saharan Africa. The three-lobed labellum of most Polystachya species possesses a fleshy callus and various types of trichomes and papillae. In this paper, we present the results of micromorphological studies on the labellum of 20 species, representing eight of the 13 sections in the genus, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results show the scale of infrageneric diversity of trichomes and papillae relative to the sampled sections. They also demonstrate the taxonomic value of labellar micromorphology at the sectional level. The study revealed seven types of papillae and five types of trichomes (uni- and multi-cellular) in Polystachya, some of which, are described here for the first time. Clavate trichomes are the most common and are present in 60% of the species studied. Moniliform trichomes mainly occur in sect. Polystachya and are strongly characteristic of the section. Pseudopollen is formed by fragmentation of moniliform trichomes or the detachment of other trichomes as bicellular units. We provide, for the first time, evidence for the detachment of the terminal cells of capitate trichomes.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of AlgNa-g-poly(QCL-co-HEMA) Hydrogels as Platform for Chondrocyte Proliferation and Controlled Release of Betamethasone

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5730
Author(s):  
Jomarien García-Couce ◽  
Marioly Vernhes ◽  
Nancy Bada ◽  
Lissette Agüero ◽  
Oscar Valdés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hydrogels obtained from combining different polymers are an interesting strategy for developing controlled release system platforms and tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, the applicability of sodium alginate-g-(QCL-co-HEMA) hydrogels for these biomedical applications was evaluated. Hydrogels were synthesized by free-radical polymerization using a different concentration of the components. The hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and a swelling degree. Betamethasone release as well as the in vitro cytocompatibility with chondrocytes and fibroblast cells were also evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the porous surface morphology of the hydrogels in all cases. The swelling percent was determined at a different pH and was observed to be pH-sensitive. The controlled release behavior of betamethasone from the matrices was investigated in PBS media (pH = 7.4) and the drug was released in a controlled manner for up to 8 h. Human chondrocytes and fibroblasts were cultured on the hydrogels. The MTS assay showed that almost all hydrogels are cytocompatibles and an increase of proliferation in both cell types after one week of incubation was observed by the Live/Dead® assay. These results demonstrate that these hydrogels are attractive materials for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications due to their characteristics, their release kinetics, and biocompatibility.

Actinomycetes in discolored wood of living silver maple

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Blanchette ◽  
John B. Sutherland ◽  
Don L. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Streptomyces Strain ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Silver Maple ◽  
Scanning Electron

The greenish-brown margin of discolored wood in three living silver maple trees, Acer saccharinum L., was examined by scanning electron microscopy and microbiological culture techniques. Micrographs of xylem vessels revealed filamentous structures; some of them appeared to be actinomycetous hyphae. Actinomycetes identified as Streptomyces parvullus Waksman & Gregory, S. sparsogenes Owen, Dietz & Camiener, and a third Streptomyces strain were isolated repeatedly from discolored wood of each tree. These isolates grew in liquid media in the presence of 0.1% (w/v) concentrations of several phenols. Although other phenols included in the test were not substantially degraded, p-hydroxybenzoic acid was utilized as a carbon source by S. parvullus. All three actinomycetes inhibited growth of selected wood-inhabiting fungi when paired on malt agar. When inoculated on sterilized sapwood and discolored wood from silver maple, the actinomycetes colonized vessel walls and occlusions, but were not observed to decay cell walls.

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