Forest fires in the Muddus National Park (northern Sweden) during the past 600 years

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Engelmark
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Fire Scars ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Park Area

The occurrence of forest fires in the Muddus National Park (area, 50 000 ha), just north of the Arctic Circle in northern Sweden, was investigated on 75 separate sample plots. Between 1413 and the present, evidence of 47 fire years was obtained by dating the fire scars on living Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris), the oldest of which had germinated in 1274. The fire traces found on the sample plots were fire scars on living or dead trees or charcoal fragments in the humus layer. Plots lacking all traces of former forest fires were mainly those situated on sites surrounded by extensive mires. Forest fires were shown to have occurred in the five different types of forest investigated. The commonest frequencies of fires in the pine forests occurred with the interval 81–90 years, while the mean frequency was 110 years. The mean interval of time elapsed since the last forest fire occurred in the pine forests was 144 years. Some of the major fire years in the Muddus area coincide with forest fires in other parts of northern Sweden, in the taiga of western Russia, and in central Siberia.

Wasur National Park Hall's Role In Raising The Local People's Income Wasur Village

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Paul Adryani Moento ◽  
Nikolaus Unawekla
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Counseling Center ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Park Area

  The welfare level of the population in Wasur Park village is still very low and most still hang its life by taking the result of the forest. This study aims to analyze the role of Wasur Park National Park in increasing local people's income. The method by which researchers use a qualitative approach, while the data collection techniques consist of library studies and field studies through observation, interviews. The process of data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and the conclusion of the empowerment of the National Park Wasur Park Hall is counseling to the local community in the framework of the Empowerment Program of local Kampung Wasur Park. In the empowerment, Wasur Park National Park is coordinating with local governments to see the development of local community data. The real evidence of Wasur Park National Park through empowerment is the establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP). The establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP) in Wasur Village, implemented after the implementation of education and training of village studies in participatory. Furthermore, Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts construction. The construction is a construction of small industry of eucalyptus oil refining, the manufacture of salted fish, medicinal plants, and the cultivation of commercial crops. Then the community in providing coaching through socialization by providing science about preserving the forest and protection and safeguarding the potential of Wasur National Park area. Then Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts supervision. Supervision conducted by the National Park Hall Wasur Park is monitoring against the hunting of many protected animals located in Wasur Park National Park area. In the Garden Hall program, Wasur Park is monitoring and evaluation of habitat and population. The Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts a regular patrol, preventing wild hunters from Wasur Park National Park. Then patrol is also done to prevent forest fires.

scholarly journals Contrasting trends in hydrologic extremes for two sub-arctic catchments in northern Sweden − does glacier melt matter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Dahlke ◽  
S. W. Lyon ◽  
J. R. Stedinger ◽  
G. Rosqvist ◽  
P. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydrologic Extremes

Abstract. It is not clear how climatic change will influence glacial meltwater rates and terrestrial hydrology in the Sub-Arctic and Arctic. This uncertainty is particularly acute for hydrologic extremes (flood events) because understanding the frequency of such unusual events requires long records of observation not often available for the Arctic and Sub-Arctic. This study presents a statistical analysis of trends in the magnitude and timing of hydrologic extremes (flood events) and the mean summer discharge in two sub-arctic catchments, Tarfalajokk and Abiskojokk, in northern Sweden. The catchments have different glacier covers (30% and 1%, respectively). Statistically significant trends (at the 5% level) were identified for both catchments on an annual and on a seasonal scale (3-months averages) using the Mann-Kendall trend test. Stationarity of flood records was tested by analyzing trends in the flood quantiles, using generalized least squares regression. Hydrologic trends were related to observed changes in the precipitation and air temperature, and were correlated with 3-months averaged climate pattern indices (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation). Both catchments showed a statistically significant increase in the annual mean air temperature over the comparison time period of 1985–2009 (Tarfalajokk and Abiskojokk p < 0.01), but lacked significant trends in the total precipitation (Tarfalajokk p = 0.91, Abiskojokk p = 0.44). Despite the similar climate evolution over the studied time period in the two catchments, data showed contrasting trends in the magnitude and timing of flood peaks and the mean summer discharge. Hydrologic trends indicated an amplification of the hydrologic response in the highly glaciated catchment and a dampening of the response in the nonglaciated catchment. The glaciated mountain catchment showed a statistically significant increasing trend in the flood magnitudes (p = 0.04) that is clearly correlated to the occurrence of extreme precipitation events. It also showed a significant increase in mean summer discharge (p = 0.0002), which is significantly correlated to the decrease in glacier mass balance and the increase in air temperature (p = 0.08). Conversely, the nonglaciated catchment showed a significant decrease in the mean summer discharge (p = 0.01), the flood magnitudes (p = 0.07) and an insignificant trend towards earlier flood occurrences (p = 0.53). These trends are explained by a reduction of the winter snow pack due to higher temperatures in the winter and spring and an increasing soil water storage capacity or catchment storage due to progressively thawing permafrost.

Long fire cycle in northern boreal Pinus forests in Finnish Lapland

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2027-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Wallenius ◽  
H. Kauhanen ◽  
H. Herva ◽  
J. Pennanen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Fire Scars ◽  
Fire Cycle ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Finnish Lapland ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Management Plans

Knowledge of past forest fire regimes is important for developing management plans for conservation areas and for predicting the probable effects of forest management and climate change on the structure and dynamics of forests. In this study, fire scars on living and dead trees were systematically sampled on 256 study plots in three landscapes in northeastern Finland dominated by Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.). A total of 1030 disks or partial cross sections from different trees, including scars from 98 distinct forest fires, were dendrochronologically dated with an accuracy of 1 year or better. The extraordinarily well-preserved old Pinus snags and stumps allowed us to reconstruct annual tree-ring and fire chronologies beginning from the year AD 653. The fire cycles in the studied landscapes were exceptionally long for a boreal region dominated by Pinus, on average 350 years during the last millennium. This demonstrates that the fire regimes of poorly studied remote regions cannot be extrapolated from fire regimes of sites examined in more detail. Based on statistics on lightning-ignition densities, we suggest that most of the fires detected in this study were ignited by humans. The reconstructed past fire cycles were probably shortened by human influence.

A cross-dated fire history from coast redwood near Redwood National Park, California

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Brown ◽  
Thomas W. Swetnam
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Fire Scars ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Fire Scar ◽  
Redwood National Park ◽  
The Mean

Cross sections from coast redwood trees (Sequoiasempervirens (D.Don.)Endl.) in and near Redwood National Park were dendrochronologically cross-dated and used to develop a fire history from 1714 to 1985. A master chronology for the study area was first developed from old-growth trees and provided dating control for fire-scarred samples. Redwood offers a challenge for dendrochronology owing to partially absent rings (ring wedging) and uniform ring widths (complacency). Cross dating was successful in portions of 12 of 24 fire-scarred trees. Fire events were dated by noting the position of fire scars and other fire-associated ring structures (resin ducts, double latewood, growth releases, and ring separations) in the cross-dated ring series. Using only dates of fire scars, the mean fire interval (MFI) was 9.9 years from the first recorded fire in 1714 to the last in 1962. The MFI was 8.0 years for the best represented (greatest sample depth) presettlement period from 1714 to 1881. Using dates for all fire-associated ring features, the MFI from 1714 to 1962 was 7.0 years and from 1714 to 1881 was 6.0 years. Use of all fire-associated ring characteristics is argued to be a more complete representation of past fire frequency due to possible under-representation of fire-scar records from stump-top samples. Based upon scar positions within annual rings, fires occurred predominately late in the growing season or after growth ceased for the year. The mean fire intervals determined are shorter than those reported in all except one other fire history study from coast redwood and suggest that fire frequency in redwood may have been underestimated in many past studies.

scholarly journals Contrasting trends in floods for two sub-arctic catchments in northern Sweden – does glacier presence matter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 2123-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Dahlke ◽  
S. W. Lyon ◽  
J. R. Stedinger ◽  
G. Rosqvist ◽  
P. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Our understanding is limited to how transient changes in glacier response to climate warming will influence the catchment hydrology in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic. This understanding is particularly incomplete for flooding extremes because understanding the frequency of such unusual events requires long records of observation not often available for the Arctic and Sub-Arctic. This study presents a statistical analysis of trends in the magnitude and timing of flood extremes and the mean summer discharge in two sub-arctic catchments, Tarfala and Abisko, in northern Sweden. The catchments have different glacier covers (30% and 1%, respectively). Statistically significant trends (at the 5% level) were identified for both catchments on an annual and on a seasonal scale (3-months averages) using the Mann-Kendall trend test. Stationarity of flood records was tested by analyzing trends in the flood quantiles, using generalized least squares regression. Hydrologic trends were related to observed changes in the precipitation and air temperature, and were correlated with 3-months averaged climate pattern indices (e.g. North Atlantic oscillation). Both catchments showed a statistically significant increase in the annual mean air temperature over the comparison time period of 1985–2009 (Tarfala and Abisko p<0.01), but did not show significant trends in the total precipitation (Tarfala p = 0.91, Abisko p = 0.44). Despite the similar climate evolution over the studied period in the two catchments, data showed contrasting trends in the magnitude and timing of flood peaks and the mean summer discharge. Hydrologic trends indicated an amplification of the streamflow and flood response in the highly glacierized catchment and a dampening of the response in the non-glacierized catchment. The glacierized mountain catchment showed a statistically significant increasing trend in the flood magnitudes (p = 0.04) that is clearly correlated to the occurrence of extreme precipitation events. It also showed a significant increase in mean summer discharge (p = 0.0002), which is significantly correlated to the decrease in glacier mass balance and the increase in air temperature (p = 0.08). Conversely, the non-glacierized catchment showed a significant decrease in the mean summer discharge (p = 0.01), the flood magnitudes (p = 0.07) and an insignificant trend towards earlier flood occurrences (p = 0.53). These trends are explained by a reduction of the winter snow pack due to higher temperatures in the winter and spring and an increasing soil water storage capacity or catchment storage due to progressively thawing permafrost.

scholarly journals Community Interactions in Sand Utilization within Mount Merapi National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida ◽  
Denni Susanto ◽  
Kristiani Fajar Wianti ◽  
M Danang Anggoro ◽  
Marlianansari Putri
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Park Area

Interaksi masyarakat dengan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi sudah ada bahkan jauh sebelum taman nasional ditetapkan. Salah satu bentuk interaksi yang masih dilakukan oleh masyarakat adalah pemanfaatan pasir di kawasan Kali Putih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui interaksi masyarakat sekitar Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi dalam pemanfaatan pasir di kawasan Kali Putih Zona Khusus Rekonstruksi dan Mitigasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Wawancara dilakukan langsung dengan masyarakat yang melakukan aktivitas di kawasan Kali Putih, Zona Khusus Mitigasi dan Rekonstruksi Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan accidental sampling dimana informan ditentukan secara kebetulan di lapangan saat melakukan aktivitas pemanfaatan sumber daya pasir di kawasan Kali Putih. Hasil wawancara kemudian diolah menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil pengambilan informasi di lapangan, didapatkan beberapa informasi diantaranya aktivitas penambangan pasir sudah dilakukan pada tahun 1977. Interaksi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan pasir di Kali Putih dipayungi hukum berupa kemitraan kawasan konservasi dengan dokumen PKS Nomor : PKS.34/BTNGM/TU/Kons/04/2018 dan 08/PMH/04/2018 Tentang Penguatan Fungsi Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi Melalui Kerja Sama Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Ketergantungan masyarakat sekitar akan pemanfaatan sumber daya pasir masih sangat tinggi. Selain pemanfaatan pasir, masyarakat juga melakukan aktivitas dalam mendukung pengelolaan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi yaitu : patroli bersama petugas TNGM, penanaman di kawasan TNGM, dan terlibat dalam pemadaman kebakaran hutan dan pengembangan Obyek Wisata Alam (OWA) Jurang Jero.ABSTRACTCommunity interaction with Mount Merapi National Park existed long before the national park was established. One form of interaction that is still carried out by the community Ngablak Viilage is the utilization of sand in the Kali Putih area. The aim of this study was to determine the interaction of the community Ngablak Village in the utilization of sand in the Kali Putih area, the Special Reconstruction and Mitigation Zone. The research method used in this research was a survey method. Interviews were conducted directly with communities carrying out activities in the Kali Putih area, the Special Zone for Mitigation and Reconstruction of Mount Merapi National Park. The determination of informants was carried out by accidental sampling where the informants were determined by chance in the field while carrying out activities to exploit sand resources in the Kali Putih area. The results of the interviews were then processed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of information retrieval in the field, some information was obtained including sand utilization activities that were carried out in 1977. Community interaction in the use of sand in Kali Putih is legally protected in the form of a conservation area partnership with the PKS document Number: PKS.34 / BTNGM / TU / Kons / 04 / 2018 and 08 / PMH / 04/2018 concerning Strengthening the Function of the Mount Merapi National Park Area through Community Empowerment Cooperation. The dependence of the surrounding community on the utilization of sand resources is still very high. In addition to the utilization of sand, the community also carries out activities in supporting the management of Mount Merapi National Park, namely: patrolling with MMNP officers, planting in the MMNP area, and being involved in extinguishing forest fires and developing the Jurang Jero Nature Tourism Object.

scholarly journals Traditional and TLS-based forest inventories of beech and pine forests located in Sila National Park: A dataset

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 106617
Author(s):  
Nicola Puletti ◽  
Mirko Grotti ◽  
Carlotta Ferrara ◽  
Stefano Scalercio
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Forest Inventories

scholarly journals PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG CIREMAI Community Role to the Forest Fire Control in Mount Ciremai National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Bambang Hero Saharjo ◽  
Guntala Wibisana
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Questionnaire Research

Forest fires cause losses and negative impact. Forest fire in mountain Ciremai national park caused by human factor. Efforts to control forest fires currently preferred by involving the community. This research is done using primary data and information obtained from filling the questionnaire. Research is taking samples from three villages namely Cibuntu village, Padabeunghar villages, and Kaduela village. Respondents were interviewed 90 respondents. Based on researches known that the area around the national park had high perception of Ciremai national existance. They argue that the mountain Ciremai national parks useful in life and the management of mountain Ciremai national parks better. Based on the scoring of 90 respondents 70 of them have a highperception of the forest fire control in mountain Ciremai national park, it means that most of people have participated in efforts to control forest fire.Key words: Forest fire,community role, forest fire control

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