Role of toxins in etiology of root rot disease of wheat

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (13) ◽  
pp. 1801-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross B. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Toxic Metabolite ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Rot Disease

Although no host-specific toxin, nor a great quantity of any toxic substance, has been found in culture filtrates of 26 different isolates of Helminthosporium sativum, the amount of the toxic metabolite, victoxinine, produced by these strains, may be correlated generally to their aggressiveness towards wheat.

scholarly journals Role of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Trichoderma spp. in the control of root rot disease of soybean

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Seed treatment of soybean with <i>Bndyrhizobium japonicum, Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. hamatum, T. koningii</i> and <i>T. pseudokoningii</i> significantly controlled the infection of 30-day-old seedlingsby <i>Maerophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Fusarium</i> spp. In 60-day-old plants <i>Trichoderma</i> spp.. and <i>B. japonicum</i> inhibited the grouth of <i>R. solani</i> and <i>Fusarium</i> spp., whereas the use of <i>B. japonicum</i> (TAL-102) with <i>T. harzianum. T. viride, T. koningii</i> and <i>T. pseudokoningii</i> controlled the infection by <i>M. phaseolina. Greater grain yield was recorded when B. <i>japonium</i> (TAI-102) was used with <i>T. hamatum</i>.

STUDIES ON FOOT AND ROOT ROT OF WHEAT: V. THE RELATION OF PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, NITROGEN, AND CALCIUM NUTRITION TO THE FOOT- AND ROOT-ROT DISEASE OF WHEAT CAUSED BY HELMINTHOSPORIUM SATIVUM P. K. & B.

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
W. C. Broadfoot ◽  
L. E. Tyner
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Complete Nutrient Solution

The effect of different amounts of phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, and calcium upon the development of the foot-rot disease of wheat caused by Helminthosporium sativum P. K. & B. was studied in the greenhouse. The wheat grains were planted in sterilized pure quartz sand to which the necessary nutrients and spore suspension of the pathogen were added. The experiments were maintained under aseptic conditions during the first ten days. The disease increased when the ionic concentration of potassium, nitrogen, and calcium was decreased below that of the complete nutrient solution, but no significant reduction of the disease was observed when the concentrations of all of the elements, including phosphorus, were increased above those in the complete nutrient solution. Apparently extremely small concentrations of phosphorus had no effect on the disease one way or the other. These conclusions apply to the disease on the seedling stage of wheat.

scholarly journals Role of Phenolic Acids from the Rhizosphere Soils of Panax notoginseng as a Double-Edge Sword in the Occurrence of Root-Rot Disease

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Meng Zhao ◽  
Yong-Xian Cheng ◽  
Yu-Nan Ma ◽  
Chuan-Jiao Chen ◽  
Fu-Rong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Double Edge ◽  
Double Edge Sword ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Biological control of Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum root rot disease using Trichoderma species

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Abdelwanees Ketta ◽  
Omar Abd El-Raouf Hewedy
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root Rot

Abstract Background Root rot pathogens reported to cause considerable losses in both the quality and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). It is an aggressive crop disease with detriment economic influence caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani among other soil-borne fungal pathogens. Destructive plant diseases such as root rot have been managed in the last decades using synthetic pesticides. Main body Seeking of economical and eco-friendly alternatives to combat aggressive soil-borne fungal pathogens that cause significant yield losses is urgently needed. Trichoderma emerged as promising antagonist that inhibits pathogens including those inducing root rot disease. Detailed studies for managing common bean and pea root rot disease using different Trichoderma species (T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. atroviridae, T. lignorum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. cerinum, and T. album) were reported both in vitro and in vivo with promotion of plant growth and induction of systemic defense. The wide scale application of selected metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. to induce host resistance and/or to promote crop yield, may represent a powerful tool for the implementation of integrated pest management strategies. Conclusions Biological management of common bean and pea root rot-inducing pathogens using various species of the Trichoderma fungus might have taken place during the recent years. Trichoderma species and their secondary metabolites are useful in the development of protection against root rot to bestow high-yielding common bean and pea crops.

scholarly journals Bacillus megaterium-Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Antifungal Activity against Rhizoctonia solani in Faba Bean Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Amr H. Hashem ◽  
Amer M. Abdelaziz ◽  
Ahmed A. Askar ◽  
Hossam M. Fouda ◽  
Ahmed M. A. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Rhizoctonia root-rot disease causes severe economic losses in a wide range of crops, including Vicia faba worldwide. Currently, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become super-growth promoters as well as antifungal agents. In this study, biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been examined as growth promoters as well as antifungal agents against Rhizoctonia solani RCMB 031001 in vitro and in vivo. Se-NPs were synthesized biologically by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 55000 and characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM and DLS images showed that Se-NPs are mono-dispersed spheres with a mean diameter of 41.2 nm. Se-NPs improved healthy Vicia faba cv. Giza 716 seed germination, morphological, metabolic indicators, and yield. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited influential antifungal activity against R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentrations of Se-NPs were 0.0625 and 1 mM, respectively. Moreover, Se-NPs were able to decrease the pre-and post-emergence of R. solani damping-off and minimize the severity of root rot disease. The most effective treatment method is found when soaking and spraying were used with each other followed by spraying and then soaking individually. Likewise, Se-NPs improve morphological and metabolic indicators and yield significantly compared with infected control. In conclusion, biosynthesized Se-NPs by B. megaterium ATCC 55000 are a promising and effective agent against R. solani damping-off and root rot diseases in Vicia faba as well as plant growth inducer.

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