Changes in mineral contents of cotyledons and young seedlings of woody angiosperms

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (18) ◽  
pp. 2026-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Marshall ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Cotyledon Senescence

Net changes in weights of P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na, Al, Ba, Sr, and Cr in cotyledons and seedling axes of Acer rubrum L., Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh., and Robinia pseudoacacia L. were investigated during early seedling growth. Amounts of elements in embryonic cotyledons varied in the following order: Robinia pseudoacacia > Acer rubrum > Fraxinus pennsylvanica. Embryonic F. pennsylvanica cotyledons were very small and were embedded in endosperm. When seedlings were grown in the light with no inhibition of photosynthesis, mineral elements were either steadily translocated from cotyledons, accumulated in cotyledons, or initially accumulated in cotyledons and finally exported during cotyledon senescence. Differences depended on specific elements and species. The effects of growing seedlings in the dark or treating seedlings with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) to inhibit cotyledon photosynthesis were similar in that mineral translocation from cotyledons or accumulation in them was inhibited. Mineral element content in seedling axes increased as dry weights of seedlings increased.

Changes in structure and function of epigeous cotyledons of woody angiosperms during early seedling growth

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Marshall ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Palisade And Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion ◽  
Seed Coats

Variations in anatomy and stomatal characteristics of cotyledons were studied with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy during postgermination development. Species investigated were Acer negundo L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh., and Robinia pseudoacacia L. During their development, cotyledons of all species progressed through storage, transition, photosynthetic, and senescent stages. When germination was initiated, most cells of embryonic cotyledons were filled with reserve materials (lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates). Embryonic cotyledons lacked functional stomata, and those of very few species had developing guard-cell mother cells. In embryonic cotyledons, the mesophyll was differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma. Amounts of cotyledon expansion varied greatly among species, and cotyledon expansion was due primarily to increased cell size. Emergence of cotyledons from seed coats occurred over a range of seedling ages, depending on species. After cotyledons emerged, chlorophyll was rapidly synthesized and stomata became functional. Anatomical characteristics of cotyledons were much different from those of foliage leaves. Leaves were much thinner and had smaller parenchyma cells than did cotyledons. Cotyledons of Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia were relatively short-lived (less than 30days), while those of the other species were more persistent.

Cadmium Impairs Early Seedling Growth, Mineral and Carbohydrate Mobilization during the Germination of Rice Seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yu He ◽  
Yan Fang Ren ◽  
Yin Fei Lv ◽  
Hui Qing Chang
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Rice Seeds

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant extremely toxic to plants and other living organisms including humans. To assess Cd phytotoxicity, the seedling growth, mineral (K, Fe, Zn) and carbohydrate contents and hydrolase activities in the endosperm and seedlings during rice seed germination subjected to Cd stress were investigated. The results showed that Cd caused a reduction in seedling growth and distribution of biomass, mineral contents, compared to the control. Cd accumulation in seedlings increased in the duration of treatment. Cd exposure caused a deleterious fall in mineral nutrient supply in seedlings. Moreover, Cd decreased the content of starch and sustained a higher level of soluble sugar in the endosperm of rice seeds. Activities of α-amylase and acid invertase were inhibited in Cd-treated seeds during the germination. The results suggest that Cd inhibits early seedling growth due to restriction of mineral and carbohydrate reserves mobilization.

Development of a Southern Appalachian Hardwood Stand After Clearcutting

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Beck ◽  
Ralph M. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Quercus Spp ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
A Minor

Abstract A mixed hardwood stand composed of 53% oak (Quercus spp.), 33% yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), and 14% other species, was clearcut in 1963. Twenty years later a developing, even-aged stand of predominantly sprout origin is dominated by yellow-poplar, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and sweet birch (Betula lenta L.). The oaks are a minor and decreasing component. This and other studies suggest that clearcuts on good sites in the Southern Appalachians will be dominated by aggressive intolerant species—mainly yellow-poplar. If a larger oak component is desired, measures to ensure strong advance reproduction and lessen competition from prolific sprouters such as red maple will be necessary. South. J. Appl. For. 10:168-72. Aug. 1986.

Compositional changes in cotyledons of woody angiosperms

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (21) ◽  
pp. 2473-2477 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Marshall ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

The nature and rate of breakdown of food reserves in cotyledons varied markedly among species. Embryonic cotyledons of Acer negundo L. stored mostly proteins, whereas those of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle were fat-storing. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh, cotyledons contained nearly equal quantities of lipids and proteins (45% of dry weight for each) as did those of Robinia pseudoacacia L. (25% dry weight for each). Total nonstructural carbohydrate contents of embryonic cotyledons of Acer and Robinia (exalbuminous species) were considerably higher than those of Ailanthus or Fraxinus (albuminous species). Carbohydrate contents of Acer and Robinia cotyledons initially decreased, but carbohydrate contents of all four species increased rapidly as cotyledons became chlorophyllous and photosynthetic. Synthesis of cotyledonary chlorophyll and emergence of cotyledons occurred faster for seedlings of Acer and Robinia than for those of Ailanthus and Fraxinus. Protein and lipid contents of cotyledons of all four species declined as cotyledons matured after germination.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF COPPER AND MANGANESE COMPLEXES WITH METHIONINE AND TRYPTOPHAN: ANALYSIS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Azkaafina Hindersah ◽  
Harmita . ◽  
Catur Jatmika
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Free State ◽  
Manganese Complexes ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Manganese Mineral ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Objective: In this study, we aimed to create complexes consisting of copper and manganese mineral elements and amino acids.Methods: We determined the mineral element levels both bound and in their free state using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The synthesizedcomplexes were characterized using infrared spectrophotometry, while the free and bound mineral contents were separated using ion exchangechromatography.Results: Our results demonstrated that the synthesis of such complexes was successful. The free mineral contents of the copper-methionine, coppertryptophan,and manganese-methionine complexes were 4.52, 6.53, and 0.056 mg/kg, respectively, while the bound mineral contents of the coppermethionine,copper-tryptophan, manganese-methionine, and manganese-tryptophan complexes were 96.885, 114.974, 57.778, and 49.624 mg/kg,respectively.Conclusion: The synthesis of copper and manganese complexes were successfully formed and analysis.Keywords:

IgE-vermittelte Allergie gegen Robinienholz (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) – eine Fallbeschreibung

Pneumologie ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kespohl ◽  
R Merget ◽  
M Gellert ◽  
T Brüning ◽  
M Raulf-Heimsoth
Keyword(s):  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L

Effects of salinity on seedling emergence and early seedling growth of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295
Author(s):  
R. Vihotogbé ◽  
C. Watson ◽  
R. Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
F. Wichern ◽  
B. Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis
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