Time of floral initiation in tobacco as a function of temperature and photoperiod

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 1400-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith F. Thomas ◽  
C. E. Anderson ◽  
C. David Raper Jr. ◽  
R. J. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Stem Apex ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Coker 319 has been found to be sensitive to changes both in temperature and photoperiod. Within a given time period fewer leaves are produced at low temperatures than at high temperatures. The classical day-neutral flowering response was not observed for this plant under six photoperiods of varying lengths. The results thus indicate that the plant may be more appropriately classified as being "preferentially ambiphotoperiodic," rather than strict "day-neutral." Preconditioning the seedlings with a long-day photoperiod produced plants that had higher total leaf numbers and flowered earlier than seedlings treated with a short-day photoperiod. The morphology of the vegetative and reproductive stem apex was similar to that reported for other species and cultivars of Nicotiana. Apical meristems were systematically ranked according to their progressive developmental stages encompassing vegetative, transition, and reproductive development.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical research characteristics of plant Nicotiana tabacum, expressing genes desA or desC under different temperatures stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
T. M. Kyrpa-Nesmiian ◽  
Y. V. Sheludko ◽  
M. V. Kuchuk
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Reporter Protein ◽  
Acyl Lipid ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Biochemical Research ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. For modifying of the plant organisms with genetic engineering techniques to produce genus stress resistant low temperatures or frosts it is necessary to check their physiological characteristics at high temperatures stress. Methods. In this study we used Nicotiana tabacum plants, expressing of cyanobacterial acyl-lipid desaturases genes (desA or desC), plants were tested for the level of malondialdehyde accumulation and gene expression by the reporter protein thermostable lichenase after exposure to thermal stress. Results. We discovered the reduced malondialdehyde accumulation in plants and increased expression desaturases genes after cold stress and high temperature stress. Conclusions. Cyanobacterial desaturases gene expression in Nicotiana tabacum plants did not increase their sensitivity to the high temperatures stress.Keywords: acyl-lipid desaturases, malondialdehyde, thermostable lichenase

The pattern of reproductive development and the leafiness of spring and early summer regrowths in two contrasting varieties of ryegrass

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieuan Davies
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Stem Apex ◽  
Early Stages

SUMMARYEarly stages in the development of reproductive tillers of S. 24 and S. 23 perennial ryegrass are described. The pattern of development of the stem apex and of the unemerged leaves present at the time of floral initiation is traced up to the time when internode extension results in the elevation of the stem apices above the level of defoliation. If tillers with stems about 10 cm long, or more, escape damage to the stem apex during defoliation, the regrowth may be expected to deteriorate rapidly in leafiness, since at this stage there are few or no unemerged leaves. Tillers with 3–4 cm stems generally bear 1–2 unemerged leaves, and hence the regrowth is more leafy.For a given stem length apical development was slightly more advanced in S. 24 than in S. 23. Consideration is given to selection methods to be used in breeding for leafy regrowths in springtime.

scholarly journals Time of Diapause Termination in the Pistachio Seed Wasp Eurytomα plotnikovi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) ίη Northem Greece and Under Certain Photoperiods and Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Haralambidis ◽  
M. E. Tzanakakis
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Short Days

Mummified pistachios containing fully grown diapause larvae of Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikol’skaya were collected from mid-November on from trees in coastal northern Greece and placed in a field cage. Every 5 weeks, fruits from the cage and from the trees were placed at 16L:8D h and 26°C. Pupation within I or 2 weeks showed that diapause was terminated between early April and early May. Two years later, strarting in early September, mummified fruits from the same trees were collected at bimonthly intervals and subjected fora few to several months to combinations of certain temperatures and photoperiods, followed by different conbinations of temperatures and photoperiods, then to 16L:8D h and 25°C. In larvae of early September, 6 months at 6°C was the most effective treatment for diapause termination. Diapause was also terminated or almost so after: (1) 4 months at 25°C and long photophase followed by 5 months at 14° or 6°C, (2) 4 months at 20°C and a 12 h photophase followed by 3 months at 14° or 6°C, (3) 4 months at WC and short photophase followed by 3 months at 6°C, and (4) 4 or 6 months at WC and short photophase. The results are in line with previous work, showing that, in larvae picked in early autumn, low temperatures and short days fora few to several months followed by high temperatures and a long day favor an early and synchronous termination of diapause. The time of diapause termination being in mid-spring, long days seem to be a reasonable signal for diapause termination, as shown by previous work. In larvae of early January, for a synchronous diapause termination four months at 20°C and a 12 h photophase followed by 3 months at WC and an 8 h photophase was the most effective treatment, without the need for a long-day final condition.

Tobacco Chemistry/Chemische Zusammensetzung des Tabaks

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne J. Aasen ◽  
Sven-Olof Almquist ◽  
Curt R. Enzell
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

Abstract35: two isomeric 5,6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-ones from Nicotiana tabacum L.

Photoperiod and Temperature Influence on Flower Initiation and Development for Euphorbia pulcherrima Grown Under Florida Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 509a-509
Author(s):  
C.E. Wieland ◽  
J.E. Barrett ◽  
D.G. Clark ◽  
G. J. Wilfret
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Time To Initiation ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Four poinsettia cultivars were grown in glass greenhouses in Gainesville, Fla., in the Fall 1997 to evaluate differences in floral initiation and subsequent development. Three means of regulating photoperiod were 1) natural days 2) long-day lighting to 6 Oct. and then natural days (lights out) 3) long-day lighting to 6 Oct., and then short-day conditions by black cloth for 15 h (black cloth). At 2-day intervals, sample meristems were collected and examined for initiation of reproductive development. Average minimum and maximum temperatures during the first two weeks of October were 22 and 29 °C, respectively, with an average temperature of 25.3 °C. The overall average temperature was 23.2 °C from planting to anthesis. Differences in anthesis dates among cultivars were primarily due to time to initiation vs. rate of development. Under natural days, `Lilo' initiated first on 8 Oct. and `Freedom', `Peterstar', and `Success', followed by 6, 8, and 18 days, respectively. Lights out resulted in `Lilo' initiating 17 Oct., followed by `Freedom', `Peterstar', and `Success' initiating 7, 12, and 15 days later, respectively. Differences between cultivars in time of initiation was reduced under black cloth, where `Lilo' initiated 14 Oct., followed by `Freedom' 2 days later, and `Peterstar' and `Success' 7 days afterward. Initiation was positively correlated to visible bud and anthesis. First color was positively correlated to initiation and visible bud, with the exception of `Lilo'. Growth room studies conducted using various high temperatures and photoperiods indicated similar trends.

Inheritance of the Conversion of Nicotine to Nornicotine in Varieties of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Related Amphiploids 1

Crop Science ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Mann ◽  
J. A. Weybrew ◽  
D. F. Matzinger ◽  
J. L. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document