Zoospore formation in Cylindrocapsa

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry R. Hoffman ◽  
Cecilia S. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Parental Cell ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Filamentous Green Algae ◽  
Zoospore Release ◽  
Zoospore Formation ◽  
Altered Cell

Quadriflagellate zoospores and conditions for their induction are described for an algal isolate tentatively identified as Cylindrocapsa geminella Wolle. Previous to this report, only biflagellate zoospores were known for Cylindrocapsa while quadriflagellate zoospores were thought to characterize the closely related Cylindrocapsopsis; this distinction is no longer valid. In our isolate, a vegetative cell may differentiate directly into a single zoospore or, more commonly, zoosporogenesis is preceded by division of a vegetative cell into two, four, or eight daughter cells, each of which becomes a zoospore. Variation in zoospore arrangement depends on the number and nature of the division sequences. Ultimately, zoospores are released from the more-or-less dissociated parental cell wall in one or more vesicles. Each primary vesicle contains one, two, four, or occasionally eight zoospores; zoospore release follows the gradual distention and dissolution of the enclosing vesicle. Light microscopic observations suggest that the zoospore-containing vesicles arise from altered cell wall material. Zoospore germlings and variations in the appearance of vegetative filaments are aiso described and attention is called to the nature of the cell wall, which is quite unlike that of most other filamentous green algae.

Biosynthesis and Turnover of Cell Wall Glycoproteins during the Vegetative Cell Cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardii

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 885-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Enlargement ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardii ◽  
Soluble Cell ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Wall Components

Abstract Biosynthesis and turnover of the different cell wall components have been studied during the vegetative cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardii by pulse-labelling with [3H]proline and [35S]methionine and by pulse-chase experiments. Two phases of biosynthesis of insoluble cell wall material could be distinguished: 1. de novo synthesis of the daughter cell walls during cytokinesis and 2. cell wall enlargement during cell growth. During the cell enlargement period, a turnover of the insoluble wall component was observed. The released fragments were found to be accumulated in the culture medium. The LiCl-soluble cell wall glycoproteins were found to be precursors of the insoluble cell wall layer. Biosynthesis of the LiCl-soluble cell wall glycoproteins was observed mainly during the time period between cytokinesis and the end of the following cell enlargement period. Labelling of all the cell wall components was found to be strongly reduced during the time period between the end of the growth phase and cytokinesis. During cytokinesis, labelling of the insoluble cell wall material preceded the incorporation of radioactive precursors into the LiCl-soluble wall fraction.

Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy reveals the response of Sphagnum cell wall material to its aqueous chemical environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Ewen Silvester ◽  
Annaleise R. Klein ◽  
Kerry L. Whitworth ◽  
Ljiljana Puskar ◽  
Mark J. Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Flowing Liquid ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy

Environmental contextSphagnum moss is a widespread species in peatlands globally and responsible for a large fraction of carbon storage in these systems. We used synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy to characterise the acid-base properties of Sphagnum moss and the conditions under which calcium uptake can occur (essential for plant tissue integrity). The work allows a chemical model for Sphagnum distribution in the landscape to be proposed. AbstractSphagnum is one the major moss types responsible for the deposition of organic soils in peatland systems. The cell walls of this moss have a high proportion of carboxylated polysaccharides (polygalacturonic acids), which act as ion exchangers and are likely to be important for the structural integrity of the cell walls. We used synchrotron light source infrared microspectroscopy to characterise the acid-base and calcium complexation properties of the cell walls of Sphagnum cristatum stems, using freshly sectioned tissue confined in a flowing liquid cell with both normal water and D2O media. The Fourier transform infrared spectra of acid and base forms are consistent with those expected for protonated and deprotonated aliphatic carboxylic acids (such as uronic acids). Spectral deconvolution shows that the dominant aliphatic carboxylic groups in this material behave as a monoprotic acid (pKa=4.97–6.04). The cell wall material shows a high affinity for calcium, with a binding constant (K) in the range 103.9–104.7 (1:1 complex). The chemical complexation model developed here allows for the prediction of the chemical environment (e.g. pH, ionic content) under which Ca2+ uptake can occur, and provides an improved understanding for the observed distribution of Sphagnum in the landscape.

scholarly journals Influence of Lignin on Digestibility of Forage Cell Wall Material

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Jung ◽  
K. P. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material

The Effect of Siduron Upon Barley Root Metabolism

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Splittstoesser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Root Metabolism

Barley (Hordeum vulgareL. var. Trail) root growth was inhibited at lower concentrations of 1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea (siduron) than was shoot growth. The influence of siduron upon root metabolism was assessed with excised roots grown in 0 or 5 ppm siduron. More glucose-U-14C and leucine-U-14C were degraded to CO2and less were incorporated into cell wall material and protein by roots grown in siduron. However, roots grown in siduron incorporated more adenine-8-14C into nucleic acids and degraded less adenine to CO2than roots grown in water. It was suggested that siduron disrupted the normal nucleic acid metabolism of barley roots which was necessary for protein and cell wall synthesis.

The impact of chemical structure on polyphenol bioaccessibility, as a function of processing, cell wall material and pH: A model system

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 110304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden Eran Nagar ◽  
Liora Berenshtein ◽  
Inbal Hanuka Katz ◽  
Uri Lesmes ◽  
Zoya Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Model System ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
The Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document