Comparative accumulation of manganese in leaves and stems of woody plants native to acidic and non-acidic substrates

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-417
Author(s):  
Ernest Small
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Manganese Availability

Nine woody plant species typically found in non-acidic substrates, and 12 woody plant species typically found in acidic substrates, were cultivated at three levels of manganese availability. Considered collectively, the group of plants from the acidic habitats accumulated less manganese in the foliage compared with the group of plants from non-acidic habitats, suggesting adaptation by means of exclusion to the potentially toxic levels of manganese of acid soils. No significant differences were found for the two groups with respect to manganese accumulation in the stems.

Weight–diameter relationships for 22 woody plant species

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1851-1855 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Telfer
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Ground Line

Prediction equations are presented for use in estimating total aboveground weight and maximum leaf weight for 22 species of woody plants. Stem diameter at the ground line was found to be closely correlated with both total and leaf weights. This diameter was therefore used in the equations as the measurement from which weights were predicted.

scholarly journals Common Woody Plants of Florida Scrub Ecosystems

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Proenza ◽  
Michael Andreu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Florida Scrub ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this fact sheet is to help identify a few of the more common woody plant species found in Florida’s scrub ecosystems. In the individual plant descriptions, words that appear in bold font are considered to be key field characteristics that will aid in identification of the species. This 14-page fact sheet was written by Lynn Proenza and Michael Andreu and published by the UF Department of School of Forest Resources and Conservation, October 2012. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr373

Field identification of roots of woody plants of the savanna ecosystem study area, Nylsvley

Bothalia ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Field Identification ◽  
Fresh Root

A key for the field identification of fresh root material of 21 woody plant species on the savanna ecosystem study area, Nylsvley, South Africa, is given. Descriptions of macroscopic features of roots as well as photographic descriptions of roots and root systems are provided.

Woody Plants Species Composition and Diversity in West Bank Forest of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Ariyo, Oluyinka Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Woody Plant Species

Woody plants species composition, richness, dominance and diversity in west bank forest of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) was undertaken to understand the status of the forest. The analysis of tree species composition, richness and diversity in the forest was carried out with the aim of developing efficient management plan that will ensure biodiversity conservation. Vegetation survey using transects and plot sampling techniques were used to collect data for the study. Three transects of 500 m long each {A (270°W), B (90°E) and C (180°S)} were constructed with the aid of prismatic compass in the forest. 10 sampling plots of 10 m by 10 m each were demarcated along each transect making a total number of 30 sampling plots. In each plot, all woody plant species (trees and shrubs) with girth at breast height (gbh) greater than or equal to 10 cm (gbh ≥ 10 cm) were identified, enumerated and measured. The results showed that 581 woody plants belonging to 65 species and 28 families were encountered in the forest. The most abundant family in the forest was Fabaceae sub families of Caesalpinioidea, Mimosoideae and Palpilinoideae. The forest had Simpson diversity index (D), Shannon-Wiener (H) and Evenness index of 0.012, 0.354 and 0.195 respectively. The total density and basal area of woody plants species in the forest was 1,936.67 individuals’ ha-1 and 98.23 m2 ha−1. Newbouldia laevis had the highest density of 190 ha-1 and relative frequency of 9.811% while Milicia excelsa had the highest basal area of 40.34 m2 ha−1, relative dominance of 41.07% and Importance value index of 14.04%. The study concludes that the forest has a reasonably good tree and shrub species composition and richness, dominated by trees and a repository of many indigenous tropical woody plant species. The study recommends in-depth forest inventory, preparation of management plan and promotion of good governance in management of the forest. Also, further studies on regeneration, structure, soil seed bank, seed physiology and herbaceous plant should be carried out in the forest.

scholarly journals Woody plant species diversity as a predictor of ecosystem services in a social–ecological system of southwestern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girma Shumi ◽  
Patrícia Rodrigues ◽  
Jan Hanspach ◽  
Werner Härdtle ◽  
Kristoffer Hylander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context Human-dominated landscapes in the tropics need to be managed for biodiversity and the maintenance of ecosystem services (ES). Nevertheless, integrating both biodiversity conservation and ES management remains a challenge. Objectives This study aimed to quantify woody plant species diversity and associated ES in farmland and forests, and investigate the relationship between species and ES diversity. Methods The study was conducted in southwestern Ethiopia. We surveyed woody plants in 181 20 m by 20 m plots in farmland, forest with, and forest without coffee management. We also interviewed 180 randomly selected households about woody plant benefits. We then (a) quantified species and ES diversity; and (b) investigated the relationship between species and ES diversity. Results We recorded 128 woody plant species in total. Most ES were available in all land uses, although they differed in their mean availability. ES composition was significantly different among land uses. ES diversity was positively related with species diversity in all land uses. Conclusions Our findings suggest that all examined land-use types were multifunctional in terms of key ES provided by woody plants and that maintaining high species diversity also benefits ES diversity. Given these findings, we suggest to: (1) strengthen landscape multifunctionality by drawing on the positive relationship between biodiversity and ES diversity; (2) devise conservation policies that encompass entire landscape mosaics and enhance co-benefits of conservation and ES provision across land uses; and (3) conduct further social–ecological studies that use mixed data to elicit socially relevant relationships between biodiversity and ES diversity.

The Impact of Industrial Pollution on the Stem Anatomical Characteristics of Woody Plant Undergrowth in the City of Dnipro, Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tetiana Iusypiva ◽  
Galyna Miasoid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The paper examines the influence of industrial emissions of sulphur (IV) and nitrogen (IV) oxides on the percentage of stem anatomical characteristics of the autochthonous woody plant species undergrowth of Acer platanoides L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. in the southern industrial zone of the city of Dnipro (Ukraine). It is ascertained, that the ratio of the primary cortex share to the central cylinder share does not change in the stems of annual shoots of the both studied woody plant species when they are exposed to the influence of the toxic gases. However, there are significant changes in the ratio of shares of histological elements in the undergrowth stems of F. excelsior. The use of both absolute and relevant values of anatomic parameters of the plant vegetative organs is needed to analyse the woody plants resistance to technogenic pollution of the environment.

scholarly journals Accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in leaves of woody plants growing under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-338
Author(s):  
А. V. Sklyarenko ◽  
V. P. Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Gaseous Pollutants ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Woody Plant Species

In the course of human industrial activity, atmospheric air is polluted by gaseous pollutants, among which sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in particular, play a key role. Vegetation is a universal filter that is capable, in conjunction with certain technical facilities, of protecting the environment from pollution by the ingredients of industrial emissions. The purpose of this work is to determine the level of accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in the leaves of woody plants growing in the areas of sanitary protection zones of enterprises of the city of Zaporizhzhya in order to develop recommendations for the creation of an effective biofilter. The objects of the study were the woody plant species growing in the area of protective plantations of a number of enterprises in Zaporizhzhya: RE Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine, Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant PJSC, Zaporizhstal PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant PJSC, Zaporizhvohnetryv PJSC, PrJSC "Ukrgrafit" and Zaporizhtransformator PJSC. The control area was a forest belt located 12 km away from the source of pollution. At each site 5 model trees of a given age category of each species were selected. The leaves needed in order to determine the sulfur content were taken from the south-eastern side of the crown at a distance of 2 m above the soil surface under the same lighting conditions. We have established that the accumulation of sulfur in leaves of woody plants which grow under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide (SO2) occurs during the entire vegetation period, with the young leaves that have just finished growing being the most affected. The maximum amount of sulfur is observed at the end of the growing season. The greater concentration of sulfur in the leaves of woody plants in the areas of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises is linked to the higher level of gaseous pollutant emissions in the atmosphere of a given enterprise, but the degree of increase in the content of the pollutant in the leaves of plants of various protective plantations is not proportional to the quantitative indicators of the level of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the air. Woody plant species were divided into three groups according to the amount of sulfur accumulated in their leaves: І – the maximum level – Betula pendula, Tilia cordata, Salix alba, Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus alba, P. simonii, P. nigra, ІІ – medium – Acer platanoides, A. negundo, Fraxinus lanceolata, Catalpa bignonioides, ІІІ – the smallest – Morus alba, Ailanthus altissima, Elaeagnus angustifolia and Ulmus carpinifolia. The increase in sulfur content in the leaves of woody plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones is consistent with the increase in glutathione content compared to our control parameters, which is not only of high physiological significance, but its formation can also be one of the ways of metabolizing this element. The obtained results can be used for the development of recommendations with the purpose of selecting the assortment of woody plants for the reconstruction of green plantations growing in the area of sanitary protection zones of enterprises. In a subsequent study, the accumulation of gaseous pollutants such as chlorine and phenol in the leaves of woody plants growing in and around protective forest belts will be examined.

scholarly journals 552 PB 340 DORMANCY DEVELOPMENT AND STRESS TOLERANCE IN `BRAEBURN' AND `FUJI' APPLE NURSERY STOCK

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 510e-510
Author(s):  
Steven P. Castagnoli ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami ◽  
Tony H. H. Chen ◽  
Liping Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Development Of Tolerance

Studies were performed on the development of dormancy, cold hardiness, and desiccation tolerance, and the effect of manual defoliation timing on performance of `Fuji' and `Braeburn' apple nursery stock. Dormancy development, response to defoliation, and desiccation tolerance of apple differed from those reported for other temperate woody plant species. Dormancy development in `Fuji' was approximately two weeks ahead of `Braeburn', and was strongly regulated by temperature. Photoperiod had no influence on dormancy development of `Fuji'. Desiccation tolerance of both varieties was greatest just prior to the onset of dormancy and early dormancy. This pattern in the seasonal development of tolerance to desiccation is not typical of temperate woody plant species. Early defoliation was detrimental to performance of `Braeburn', but had little effect on `Fuji'. Early defoliation promoted earlier spring budbreak in `Fuji'. Development of freezing tolerance in both apple varieties was typical of other woody plants, and coincided with the onset of dormancy. Maximum hardiness was achieved after the requirements for dormancy were completely satisfied.

Overlap and seasonal shifts in use of woody plant species amongst a guild of savanna browsers

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. J. O'Kane ◽  
Kevin J. Duffy ◽  
Bruce R. Page ◽  
David W. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Species Overlap ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Abstract:To clarify the potential influence of different browsers in the same guild on woody vegetation, dietary overlap and separation between elephant, giraffe, kudu, nyala and impala was assessed in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa. Woody species browsed, browsing heights, plant-parts browsed and browsing versus grazing were recorded over 2 y by direct observation. We obtained 3068 browse records. Niche breadth (Levins' measure) and overlap (Schoener's index) in species browsed and browsing heights were calculated. Annual and seasonal differences in these measurements, plant-part use and browsing versus grazing were assessed. Elephant utilized the largest number (n = 78) of different woody plant species. Overlap in species browsed was lower between elephant and other browsers than amongst the latter. Seasonal rainfall influenced the range of woody plants utilized, niche breadth in terms of species browsed and browsing versus grazing. Marked resource depletion caused elephant, contrary to theoretical predictions, to narrow niche breadth in terms of species browsed. However, resource depletion rarely had a significant effect on interspecific overlap in species browsed or overlap in browsing heights, on actual browsing heights or plant-parts utilized. A small suite (n = 8) of woody species formed the core diet of all guild members, implying the potential for synergistic impacts by guild members on these species and for competition between populations of different guild members.

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