Relationship between S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate injury and peroxidase activity in corn seedlings

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. R. Harvey ◽  
F. Y. Chang ◽  
R. A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Lignin Deposition

The herbicide EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) stimulated peroxidase activity in corn seedlings and enhanced lignin deposition during the first few days after treatment. A time study showed that the increase in peroxidase was concomitant with the inhibition in growth. The effects of EPTC on growth and peroxidase activity were annulled by the herbicide antidote (N,N-diallyl-2,2dichloroacetamide) but not by indoleacetic acid or gibberellic acid. The mechanism of action of EPTC and the antidote are discussed.

The heme moiety in peanut peroxidase

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Chibbar ◽  
R. Cella ◽  
R. B. Van Huystee
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Iaa Oxidase ◽  
Equimolar Ratio ◽  
Immunological Properties ◽  
Peanut Peroxidase

Heme is present in an equimolar ratio to the apoprotein in the major cationic fraction of peanut peroxidase. The removal of heme from the holoenzyme does not affect the physicochemical and immunological properties of the apoperoxidase, however peroxidase activity is completely lost. The indoleacetic acid (IAA) oxidase activity of the apoperoxidase is reduced to 1/20 of the original holoenzyme. Both the peroxidase and IAA-oxidase activity could partially be restored in the holoenzyme reconstituted with hemin. It is suggested that heme may also participate in the IAA-oxidase activity possibly by altering the active site.

Comparison between tracheary element lignin formation and extracellular lignin-like substance formation during the culture of isolated Zinnia elegans mesophyll cells

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Sato ◽  
Youko Yajima ◽  
Naohito Tokunaga ◽  
Ross Whetten
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Isolated Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lignin Deposition

AbstractLignin is synthesized not only during morphogenesis of vascular plants but also in response to various stresses. Isolated Zinnia elegans mesophyll cells can differentiate into tracheary elements (TEs), and deposit lignin into cell walls in TE-inductive medium (D medium). Meanwhile isolated mesophyll cells cultured in hormone-free medium (Co medium) accumulate stress lignin-like substance during culture. Therefore this culture system is suitable for study of lignin and lignin-like substance formation.In D medium lignin was deposited in TEs, but in Co medium, extracellular lignin-like substance accumulated. Analysis of the culture media indicated the presence of dilignols in D culture, but not in Co culture. To investigate the fate of lignin precursors, we added coniferyl alcohol (CA) in each culture. In Co medium, CA was polymerized into dilignols rapidly but they were present only temporarily, and in D medium CA was polymerized into dilignols relatively slowly but their content increased continually.Meanwhile, in Co culture, peroxidase activity in the medium was much higher than the peroxidase activity bound ionically to the cell walls. In D culture, ionically bound peroxidase activity was higher than that in the medium. These results may suggest that lignin deposition in TEs is related to ionically bound peroxidases in D culture, and lignin-like substance deposition in the medium is related to peroxidases in the medium in Co culture.

A basic peroxidase isoenzyme from the grape pedicel is induced by gibberellic acid

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Pérez ◽  
Verónica Morales
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzymes ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzyme ◽  
Soluble Peroxidase

Soluble peroxidase activity from pedicels of seedless table grape cv. Sultana was highly stimulated by post-bloom applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) to vines. The increase in peroxidase activity was mainly due to the induction of a basic peroxidase isoenzyme (pI > 9; BPrx-HpI). The activity of two other peroxidase isoenzymes of pI 6.5 and 3.2 was not altered by the hormone treatment. BPrx-HpI was induced by GA3 in pedicels and rachis but not in berries, although in berries peroxidase activity was also stimulated by post-bloom GA3 applications. BPrx-HpI oxidised guaiacol and ortho-phenylenediamine (o-PDA), while the others peroxidases found in the pedicel and in the berry oxidised only o-PDA. Hence, BPrx-HpI was characterised as a guaiacol-peroxidase showing no activity towards ascorbic acid (ASC). The possible role of BPrx-HpI in pedicel lignification and berry-drop caused by GA3 applications to cv. Sultana vines is discussed.

Hill-Activity and P700 Concentration of Chloroplasts Isolated from Radish Seedlings Treated with -Indoleacetic Acid, Kinetin or Gibberellic Acid

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 798-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Buschmann ◽  
Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Promotion Effect ◽  
Hill Activity ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Radish Seedlings ◽  
Very High

Abstract The Hill-activity (reduction of DCPIP or methylviologen) and the concentration of P700 were studied in chloroplasts isolated from cotyledons of radish seedlings (R aphanus sativu s L. Saxa Treib), which had been grown with the addition of β-indoleacetic acid (IAA), kinetin, or gibberellic acid.1) The photosynthetic activity of young chloroplasts from 3 day old Raphanus seedlings is very high (c. 180 μmol O2/mol chlorophyll × h) and decreases continuously thereafter with increasing age. The steady state Hill-activity is readied after 8 to 10 days (values of 55 to 50 μmol 02/mg chlorophyll × h).2) Chloroplasts from plants treated with IAA or kinetin not only exhibit higher plastoquinone levels 1,2, but also a higher P700-content and a higher Hill-activity. The promotion effect is more pronounced with kinetin (+ 36 to 40%) than with IAA (+ 12 to 17%).3) Gibberellic acid has a different effect on composition and activity of chloroplasts. In younger seedlings the Hill-activity appears to be somewhat stimulated, without promotion effect on plasto­ quinone 2 or P700 concentration. After 10 days GA3-treated plants show signs of chlorosis combined with a strong decrease in photosynthetic activity.4) The data clearly demonstrate that the composition and activity of the photosynthetic ap­ paratus are under phytohormone control. IAA and even better kinetin promote the light induced formation of pigment systems and electrontransport chains. GA3 seems to block the rebuilding of the photosynthetic apparatus under steady state conditions.

Increase of indoleacetic acid oxidase isoenzymes by gibberellic acid in tobacco callus cultures

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Tobacco Callus ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Iaa Oxidase ◽  
Characteristic Type ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase ◽  
Callus Tissues

Indoleacetic acid (IAA) oxidase in tobacco callus tissues (Nicotiana tabacum L., cultivar White Gold) grown on a medium supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3), IAA, and kinetin was resolved into seven isoenzymes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gibberellic acid promoted the development of three fast-migrating IAA oxidase isoenzymes which were 7- to 10-fold more active than those of the control. Gibberellic acid was effective at 2 × 10−9 M and its activity increased with increasing concentration up to 2 × 10−7 M. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide inhibited the development of these isoenzymes, suggesting a requirement for both RNA and protein synthesis. The GA3-promoted IAA oxidase isoenzymes increased with time and were positively associated with the GA3-induced characteristic type of growth.The expression of the GA3 effect on IAA oxidase isoenzymes and growth was dependent on IAA and kinetin. In the presence of appropriate concentrations of kinetin, the combined effect of GA3 and IAA was more than additive. A possible interpretation of the GA3–IAA interaction is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Guaiacol Peroxidase of Pyrus communis

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriar Saeidian ◽  
Elham Ghasemifar
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Auxin Level ◽  
Auxin Catabolism

Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7; donor: hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, POD) is one of the key enzymes controlling plant growth, differentiation and development. The enzyme participates in construction, rigidification and eventual lignification of cell walls, biosynthesis of ethylene from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and H2O2, regulation of auxin level through auxin catabolism, protection of tissue from damage and infection by pathogenic microorganisms, the oxidation of indoleacetic acid. For peroxidase activity in wild pears extract one pH optimum was observed at 6.5 that probably belong to atleast one isoenzyme. Activity of peroxidase in presence of guaiacol and H2O2 was optimum after incubation at 40 °C. Maximum activity of peroxidase is 300% .Activity increased to 240%, 300%, 70% and 10% after 60 minute incubation at 30, 40, 45 and 60 °C for peroxidase. Incubation at high temperature (70 °C) was accompanied with decrease of activity to 10% peroxidase activity.

Bud Sprouting and Growth of Purple Nutsedge Altered by Benzyladenine

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris K. H. Teo ◽  
Leo E. Bendixen ◽  
Roy K. Nishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Bud Sprouting ◽  
Continuous Presence ◽  
Delayed Flowering

Varying concentrations of benzyladenine (BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) were used to induce sprouting of dormant purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.) tubers. BA at 50 to 300 ppm stimulated sprouting. The continuous presence of BA during the sprouting period was necessary to give significant sprout stimulation. Neither IAA at 1, 10, or 100 ppm; GA at 10, 100, or 1000 ppm; nor ethephon at 10, 100, or 1000 ppm had stimulatory effects on sprouting. ABA counteracted the stimulatory effects of BA when tubers were treated with ABA following BA treatment. Sprouting was markedly greater at 33 C day, 25 C night than at 24 C day, 17 C night. Growth of plants originating from tubers pretreated with 100 ppm BA did not differ significantly from the controls. Sustained BA applications at 100 and 200 ppm produced numerous plants with tuft-type growth habit, delayed flowering, and reduced the number of inflorescences. Numerous short, diageotropic rhizomes were produced.

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