Local lesions as sources of biologically pure strains of tobacco mosaic virus

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Boxall ◽  
B. H. MacNeill
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Local Lesion ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Local Lesions

The integrity of the local-lesion technique in producing genetically homogeneous isolates of tobacco mosaic virus from Nicotiana glutinosa has been verified using strains doubly labeled with genetic markers governing symptomatology and host range.

scholarly journals Dianthins, ribosome-damaging proteins with anti-viral properties from Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation)

1981 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Stirpe ◽  
D G Williams ◽  
L J Onyon ◽  
R F Legg ◽  
W A Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Inhibit Protein Synthesis ◽  
Equimolar Ratio ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Local Lesions ◽  
Rabbit Reticulocytes

1. Dianthin 30 and dianthin 32, two proteins isolated from the leaves of Diathus caryophyllus (carnation), were purified to homogeneity by chromatography on CM-cellulose. 2. The mol.wt. of dianthin 30 is 29 500 and that of dianthin 32 is 31 700. Both dianthins are glycoproteins containing mannose. 3. Dianthins inhibit protein synthesis in a lysate of rabbit reticulocytes, with an ID50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition) of 9.15 ng/ml (dianthin 30) and 3.6 ng/ml (dianthin 32). They act by damaging ribosomes in a less-than-equimolar ratio. Protein synthesis by intact cells is partially inhibited by dianthins at a concentration of 100 microgram/ml. 4. Dianthins mixed with tobacco-mosaic virus strongly decrease the number of local lesions on leaves of Nicotiana glutinosa.

scholarly journals SOME CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE INTRACELLULAR ARRANGEMENT AND CONCENTRATION OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS PARTICLES IN LOCAL LESIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Weintraub ◽  
H. W. Ragetli ◽  
V. T. John
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Virus Concentration ◽  
Chenopodium Amaranticolor ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Local Lesions

Tobacco mosaic virus particles were found in small packets and in small numbers, with the electron microscope, in necrotic leaf cells of Nicotiana glutinosa when the samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and postfixed in OsO4, and the sections were stained with heavy metals. The numbers and size of the virus packets were increased greatly when the leaves were detached from the plant after inoculation Assay of concentration showed that detachment resulted in a 30-fold increase of virus. A similar increase in the number of virus particles detected by electron microscopy was produced by keeping inoculated plants at an air temperature of 26°C. A still greater increase in concentration was effected by incubating detached inoculated leaves at 26°C. Moreover the arrangement of virus particles in these cells resembled that of a systemic virus infection. Cells in local lesions of Chenopodium amaranticolor contained large numbers of virus particles both as packets and in the loose arrangement characteristic of systemic infection. Neither the number of particles nor their arrangement was affected in this host by detaching the leaf or by changing the air temperature. It is suggested that there may be two types of localized virus infections, one of which produces virus in low concentration and is amenable to changes in virus concentration and arrangement as a result of environmental manipulation.

β-1,3-Glucanase and the spread of tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana and Phaseolus

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kearney ◽  
J. H. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nicotiana Sylvestris ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Glucanase Activity ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Local Lesions

The β-1,3-glucan callose is thought to form a seal which surrounds viral local lesions and prevents viral spread in many plant hosts. Therefore, we investigated the role of host β-1,3-glucanase in facilitating viral spread. The following were compared for lesion size (indicating viral spread rate) and β-1,3-glucanase activity: (i) inoculated excised leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Pinto supplied with sugar (small lesions) or deprived of sugar (large lesions); (ii) Nicotiana glutinosa L. infected with the VM strain (small lesions) or the U1 strain (large lesions) of tobacco mosaic virus; and (iii) Nicotiana sylvestris Spegaz. infected with the VM strain (small lesions) or the U2 strain (large lesions) of tobacco mosaic virus. In all cases, the larger, more rapidly spreading viral lesions did not have significantly higher levels of β-1,3-glucanase activity than the corresponding smaller lesions. Nicotiana sylvestris leaves with a systemic viral infection had a β-1,3-glucanase activity lower than that of leaves with local lesions. Finally, β-1,3-glucanase activity was stimulated to the same extent by a slowly developing abiotic necrosis as by local lesions of tobacco mosaic virus, β-1,3-Glucanase activity may therefore increase during localized viral infection as a result of the wounding associated with necrotic viral lesions.

Local lesion formation by ultraviolet irradiation on leaves systemically infected with TMV

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Takagi ◽  
Yukio Sugimura
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Local Lesion ◽  
Lesion Formation ◽  
Local Lesions ◽  
Local Lesion Formation

When the leaves of Xanthi tobacco systemically infected with tobacco mosaic virus were irradiated with ultraviolet light, local lesions were induced on the treated leaves.

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