Influence de phénomènes d'antagonisme entre organes et entre régulateurs sur le développement floral de bourgeons cotylédonaires chez le Scrofularia arguta

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Miginiac ◽  
Nicole Lacombe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Absorbing Roots

The influence of various correlations and a few growth regulators (auxin, abscissic acid, and kinetin) on vegetative or floral development of cotyledonary buds is studied on plants or plant fragments cultured in vitro. It is shown that the terminal bud inhibits growth and stimulates flowering, whereas "non-absorbing roots" inhibit floral development; if the terminal bud is present, the roots are inactive. This antagonism between organs can be simulated by replacing the terminal bud by an auxin or abscissic acid treatment and the roots by a kinetin treatment. The two groups of substances show antagonistic actions on the nature of cotyledonary bud development. Flowering or non-flowering, then, depends on the balance of concentration of these two groups of substances in the culture medium.

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Shoot Formation for Mexican Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Pinto Cultivar in Vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 1887-1893
Author(s):  
Rasha K. Mohammed Al-Saedi ◽  
Ansam G. Abdulhalem
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Internode Explants

     The current study aimed to adopt a method for inducing callus cells and regenerating the important common red bean using different types of growth regulators such as N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and Thidiazuron (TDZ). Different types of common bean pinto cultivar explants, such as  internodes, cotyledons and roots,  were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) provided with different combinations of plant growth regulators, including 1- BAP (5 mg/l) 2-BAP (4.5 mg/l) NAA (0.5 mg/l), 3- BAP (4.5 mg/l), and TDZ (0.1mg/l). Callus was initiated on MS culture medium supplied with 5 mg/l BAP for all explants (internodes, cotyledons, and roots) at 50, 20, and 10% respectively, while adding NAA with 0.5mg/l showed a low percentage of callus (30%) only in the internode explants. Optimum results were obtained by growing the internodes on MS medium with 4.5 mg/l BA and either 0.5 mg/l NAA or 0.1 mg/l TDZ, transplanting the derived shoots into internodes and cotyledons with 70 and 10% respectively. This study concludes that the internodes as explants have the best growth results.

scholarly journals In vitro establishment of pepper-rosmarin nodal segments

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie F Blank ◽  
Andréa S da Costa ◽  
Maria de Fátima Arrigoni-Blank ◽  
Aline B de Mendonça ◽  
Ana da S Ledo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Lippia Sidoides ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

Pepper-rosmarin (Lippia sidoides Cham.) is a native medicinal plant from the Brazilian biome Caatinga. Its high economical importance comes from the antimicrobial properties of thymol and carvacrol, both present in the pepper-rosmarin essential oil. Nodal segments of pepper-rosmarin were established in vitro to evaluate different growth regulators. We tested four concentrations of IBA (0.0; 0.01; 0.05; and 0.1 mg L-1) combined with six concentrations of BAP (0.0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; and 4.0 mg L-1) in assay 1; five concentrations of NAA (0.0; 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; and 1.0 mg L-1) in assay 2; two concentrations of NAA (0.0 and 0.01 mg L-1) combined with five concentrations of kinetin (0.0; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; and 2.0 mg L-1) in assay 3; five concentrations of IAA (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; and 2.0 mg L-1) in assay 4; and five concentrations of GA3 (0.0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 mg L-1) in assay 5. The use of BAP, IBA, NAA and KIN did not influence the number of shoots. The addition of 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA at the culture medium resulted in larger shoot length per explant, while the concentration of 1.0 mg L-1 of kinetin promoted larger shoot length in general. GA3 did not affect the elongation of pepper-rosmarin shoots when cultivated in vitro.

scholarly journals Clonal Micropropagation of representatives of the genus Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Half Strength

Abstract The aim of this study is to develop and improve methods of in vitro propagation of representatives of Dactylorhiza: D.baltica , D. fuchsii. For the study, we used protocorms obtained by the asymbiotic germination of seed during 90 days. It has been established that half-strength of Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (½ MS) supplemented with 1-2 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine(6-BAP), potato puree (20g/l), and charcoal (1g/l) effectively influenced the development of protocorms, and seedlings formation in the studied species. The result of the study showed that the survival rate of protocorms was high in all experimental culture media, but in D. fuchsii it was better at a concentration 2mg/l of 6-BAP (95.4%), while in D. baltica it was high at 1mg/l (87.0%). The highest percentage of multiple protocorms (68%) and the formation of new secondary protocorms in D. fuchsii (5,5±0,3 units) were observed on a culture medium containing 2 mg/l 6-BAP. The highest percent of rooting of D. fuchsii protosoms (78%) and length of roots (0.9cm) observed in ½ MS medium without growth regulators. During the development of D. baltica protosoms, the culture medium of ½ MS containing 1 mg/l 6-BAP had the best effect on the number of roots (1.8±0.1root/protosom), while the medium supplemented with 2mg/l of 6-BAP contributed to the formation of a larger number of new secondary protocorms (3,2±0,1protocorm/unit). During the subsequent cultivation of protosoms of D. baltica on a culture medium containing 1 mg/l it was observed an increase in the height of shoots (4,8±0,3 см), and the length of roots (2,2±0,1 см), wherein the number of newly formed protocorms was higher by 30% on the medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 6-BAP. Keywords: DACTYLORHIZA BALTICA, DACTYLORHIZA FUCHSII, IN VITRO, PROTOCORMS, ORGANIC ADDITIVES

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF IN VITRO FLOWERING OF INDONESIAN WILD ORCHID, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Endang Semiarti ◽  
Ixora S. Mercuriani ◽  
Agus Slamet ◽  
Bekti Sulistyaningsih ◽  
I. A. P. Bestari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Transcriptional Inhibition ◽  
Physiological Approach

<p>Orchids are generally cultivated for their flower. To induce flower initiation in Phalaenopsis amabilis orchid, genetic and physiological approaches were developed. Genetic modification by insertion of P. amabilis Flowering Locus T (PaFT) gene driven by Ubiquitin promoter into orchid genome using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, whereas physiological approach was conducted by the use of growth regulators: N6­benzyladenine (BA) (1, 3, 9) mg.L-1 or gibberellic acid (GA3) (5, 10, 15) mg.L-1 alone or in combination in culture medium. Orchid seeds were sown on New Phalaenopsis (NP) medium for 8 weeks, then subcultured on NP liquid medium + BA + GA3 with shaking for 9 weeks. Developping protocorms were spread on NP solid medium, then supplemented with NP liquid medium + BA + GA3 (5:2). Cultures were maintained at 25oC with a photoperiod of 8 hrs light/16 hrs dark. For genetic transformation, 3 weeks old protocorms were immersed overnight in cultures of A. tumefaciens with T-DNA harboring Ubipro::PaFT and Hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT) gene as selectable marker. Phenotypic analysis was carried out from 5-20 plants, each of them was observed for leaf and root number and lengths, comparing with untreated plants. Shoots with normal phenotype were generated from all treatments. RT-PCR analysis from 3 plants each of 4 weeks-24 months old-WT plants, 6 months old phytohormone treated plants and also 12 and 24 months old transgenic plants showed that POH1 juvenile gene transcript can be detected at juvenile stage of WT and PaFT mRNA was expressed in late stage after 6 months old WT plants. In all phytohormone treated plants and transgenic orchid both POH1 anf PaFT transcripts can be detected in 5, 12 and 24-months old plants, but no flower initiation was occurred. It indicates that post transcriptional inhibition might be occurred, and it needs to be explored.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: in vitro, flower, PaFT, growth regulators, Orchids</p>

scholarly journals Regulation of in vitro somatic embryogenesis with emphasis on to the role of endogenous hormones

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
VÍCTOR M. JIMÉNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
General Aspects

Different aspects of the in vitro somatic embryogenesis regulation are reviewed in this paper.work. A description of g General aspects, such as terminology, uses, stages of development and factors associated with the somatic embryogenesis, are described. is carried out. Although a brief description ofn the effects of the addition of different plant growth regulators to the culture medium wasis given, the article is centereds itself on the effect that the endogenous hormone concentrations in the initial explants and in the tissue cultures derived from them could play oin the induction and expression of somatic embryogenesis. It is significant that few to emphasize the low amount of systematic studies have been conducted, in this subject, in which different species and hormone groups were compared in cultures with and without embryogenic capacity. Moreover, the lack of correlation between the results presented in different studies the distinct works indicates that the hormone content of the cultures is not the only factor involved.

scholarly journals Evaluation of In Vitro Shoot Elongation and Rooting of Date Palm, and Determination of Physiological Characteristics of Regenerated Plantlets

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda MEZIANI ◽  
Mouaad Amine MAZRI ◽  
Mahassine ARHAZZAL ◽  
Ilham BELKOURA ◽  
Chakib ALEM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Physiological Characteristics

The effects of various culture conditions on shoot elongation, rooting and plantlet acclimatization were tested. Adventitious shoots obtained through direct organogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. ‘Mejhoul’ were used as explants. The effects of culture medium texture, plant growth regulators, polyvinylpyrrolidone, adenine, myo-inositol, L-glutamine, and carbon source on in vitro plantlet quality and subsequent acclimatization were evaluated. The most effective culture medium was the semi-solid and half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium without plant growth regulators, supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose. After 3 months of culture on this medium, the average shoot length was 13.6 cm, the average number of adventitious roots per shoot was 3.6, and the average root length was 3.85 cm. The survival rate of these plantlets in acclimatization was 90%. On the other hand, liquid medium, plant growth regulators, polyvinylpyrrolidone, adenine, myo-inositol and L-glutamine did not increase the survival rate during acclimatization. Along with these experiments, some physiological characteristics of the plantlets obtained in vitro were also determined. Chlorophyll content and fluorescence, foliar surface and stomatal conductance were measured after 3 months of culture in each medium. The ranges were as follows: Chlorophyll content, 11.7-31.8 CCI; chlorophyll fluorescence, 0.633-0.795; foliar surface, 7.35-13.29 cm2; and stomatal conductance, 10.3-36.0 mmol m-2 s-1. Interestingly, positive correlations between the physiological characteristics of the plantlets and their survival percentage in the glasshouse were revealed. The findings of this investigation will be valuable for large-scale and cost-saving production of date palm cv. ‘Mejhoul’ plants.

scholarly journals Optimization of clonal micropropagation of Chrysanthemum

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-678
Author(s):  
I. D. Borodulina ◽  
A. Trufanova ◽  
G. Shevchenko ◽  
G. Sokolova ◽  
T. Plaksina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
High Proliferative Activity

Micropropagation of Chrysanthemum is an alternative to the traditional method of reproduction. Thanks to this method, the Chrysanthemum reproduction time is reduced to 3-4 months. For clonal micropropagation, sterile microshoots of Chrysanthemums of the varieties Snow White, Stranger, and Baltica White were used. At the stage of the micropropagation, the Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with the full and half composition of mineral salts and growth regulators (kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine, β-indolylacetic acid) were used. A universal culture medium for clonal micropropagation of all varieties of Chrysanthemum and optimal mediums, taking into account variety-specificity were established. It was noted that under in vitro conditions, high proliferative activity was observed in Neznakomka variety.

scholarly journals Growth regulators, sucrose and potassium in the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa L. micropropagated

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Meire Pereira de Souza Ferrari ◽  
Mayara Dos Santos Queiroz ◽  
Matheus Marquezini de Andrade ◽  
Jéssica Rezende Trettel ◽  
Hélida Mara Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
In Vitro Shoots

Curcuma longa L. is a plant widely used for its pharmacological and medicinal properties, however, does not have a conclusive micropropagation protocol.  The objective was to evaluate how growth regulators, sucrose and potassium influence the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa seedlings grown in vitro.  Shoots were inoculated in culture medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminpurine - BAP (8.88 and 17.76 μM), Kinetin - KIN (0.92 and 2.16 μM) and naphthalene acetic acid - NAA (2.16 and 7.20 μM), potassium iodide KI (25 and 50 μM) and sucrose (30 and 60 gL-1). Growth regulators at the lowest concentration and 30 gL-1 sucrose promoted increases in growth of C. longa. Antioxidant activity was high in all treatments. The activity of the enzymes catalase and ascorbato peroxidase were increased in the two treatments that contained the highest concentrations of growth regulators. It is concluded that the addition of growth regulators such as cytokinins and auxins are fundamental to increase the number of leaves and growth of shoots in C. longa. Since the best concentrations are in the range of 4.44 to 8.88 μM of (BAP) and 2.16 of NAA. The addition of supplemental potassium in the culture medium is not necessary, and the beneficial effects of doubling the usual sucrose concentration are nullified if other constituents of the medium are altered. The antioxidant activity and enzymes had their activity altered, especially in treatments that did not contain growth regulators.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document