Permeability changes induced by Helminthosporium maydis, race T, toxin

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2167-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Gracen ◽  
C. O. Grogan ◽  
M. J. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Cellular Membranes ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Permeability Changes ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Toxic Culture

We have demonstrated that Helminthosporium maydis, race T, toxic culture filtrates induce electrolyte leakage from treated susceptible corn (Zea mays L.) leaf cells. In a comparison of several cytoplasmic versions of the inbred W182BN, those versions susceptible to the fungus and its toxin in the field demonstrated induced electrolyte leakage while versions rated resistant in the field did not. The total amount of electrolyte leakage of leaves from susceptible Texas cytoplasmic male sterile plants increased with increasing toxin concentrations. Leaves from non-male sterile and resistant cytoplasmic male sterile plants, although much more resistant than T cytoplasm leaves, were not immune to the toxin. If the toxic filtrate concentration or the treatment duration were greatly increased, leaves of the resistant plants exhibited some electrolyte leakage. The electrolyte leakage suggests damage to cellular membranes. This damage may be the result of mitochondrial inactivation induced by the toxin, or it may result from the effect of the toxin on other cellular sites.

VARIATION IN THE DIFFERENTIAL LEAF ABSORPTION OF A HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PHOSPHATE BY PLANTS OF DIFFERING CYTOPLASMS OF THREE CORN (ZEA MAYS) INBREDS

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Barèl ◽  
Peter A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Rate Of Absorption

The absorption of foliarly applied tripolyphosphate is significantly greater in two different cytoplasmically male-sterile lines (Tcms and Ccms) of Zea mays L. than in isolines having normal (N) cytoplasm. A third cytoplasmic male-sterile (Scms) does not differ from the normal isoline in its absorption of foliarly applied tripolyphosphate. In none of the three comparisons of each of the cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and its normal isoline is there a difference in orthophosphate absorption, nor do any of the lines show a difference in the translocation of either source of phosphorus (P) inside the plant 10 days after application. The differential uptake of the large molecular P compound is not a property of all cytoplasmic male steriles, indicating that all cytoplasmic male steriles, do not have similar membrane permeability properties. Differences were found in the rate of absorption among lines for foliarly applied phosphates.

COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGY OF LEAVES FROM NORMAL, CYTOPLASMIC MALE–STERILE AND RESTORED VERSIONS OF ZEA MAYS

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Patricia Sarvella ◽  
C. O. Grogan ◽  
D. L. Myhre
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Leaf Thickness ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

Leaf thickness, number of trichomes, number and size of stomatal and epidermal cells were compared in normal, male-sterile, and restored versions of Zea mays L. Differences in leaf thickness were obtained between lines, but not between versions (except for one line). Differences in trichomes between versions were found in two of the five lines. Results from the length and width of stomatal and epidermal cells in the hybrid F44 × F6 were like those of the trichomes. Therefore, the large morphological variations between the internodes of normal, male-sterile, and restored versions of corn which were previously observed do not extend to the leaves.

STEM MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY IN ZEA MAYS AS INFLUENCED BY CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERDLITY AND RESTORER GENES

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA SARVELLA ◽  
C. O. GROGAN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Restorer Genes

The stem morphology of three versions (normal, male-sterile, and restored) of five lines of corn (Zea mays L.) was examined. Corn stems in both the male-sterile (Texas cytoplasm) and restored versions of line Mp466 were shorter than the normal version. Stem diameters were less in the male-sterile version in two of the five lines examined. Histological examination of the three versions in line CI21 showed that vascular bundle radial diameters in cross sections were less in the male-sterile tassel culms than the normal. Reduction in the amount of phloem appeared to be the cause. Cells in longitudinal sections appeared to be about the same length in all versions, or shorter in the normal; therefore, shortening of the male-sterile stems apparently results from a reduction in cell number.

scholarly journals T-URF 13 Protein from Mitochondria of Texas Male-Sterile Maize (Zea mays L.)

1991 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Hack ◽  
Chentao Lin ◽  
Hongyun Yang ◽  
Harry T. Horner
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Male Sterile

scholarly journals Root Length and Vapour Pressure Deficit: Effect on Relative Water Content in Zea Mays L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Downey ◽  
TC Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Relative Water

The pair of lodicules situated at the base of the ovary and adjacent to the lemma of the wheat floret have long been known to be involved in the opening of the wheat floret at anthesis (see Arber 1965). At anthesis, the lodicules swell and force the lemma away from the palea, allowing the stamens to grow out from the floret. Some minutes later and presumably in response to a stimulus associated with pollination (male-sterile florets may remain open for many hours: Dr. A. T. Pugsley, personal communication) the lodicules collapse and the floret closes. We are studying the events which lead to this rapid swelling and degeneration of the lodicule in wheat and noticed that information about the nature of the vascular tissues in lodicules is very meagre.

Some factors influencing electrolyte leakage from maize (Zea mays L.) kernels

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bruggink ◽  
H. L. Kraak ◽  
M. H. G. E. Dijkema ◽  
J. Bekendam
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Maize Kernels

AbstractEven though the embryo of a maize (Zea mays L.) kernel contributes relatively little to total kernel weight, it is a main source of electrolytes which leach from the kernel during imbibition. Ageing of maize kernels for 18 days at 40°C and a moisture content of about 15% results in an increase of electrolyte leakage which almost exclusively originates from the embryo. The effect of ageing is most apparent after prolonged periods of imbibition. Mechanical damage increases leakage early during imbibition, the effect of damage being considerably larger for aged than for unaged kernels. The large amount of electrolytes measured after the first hour of imbibition of undamaged kernels comes mainly from the pericarp. The electrolyte content of the pericarp is variety dependent and may interfere with quality testing by conductivity measurements.

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