Taxonomic studies in Avena abyssinica and A. vaviloviana, and some related species

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2227-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Good Marker ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Many ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

This paper reports the use of micromorphologic attributes taken from the lodicules, epiblasts, and disarticulating scars for purposes of circumscription of the taxa associated with the names A. abyssinica and A. vaviloviana and their F1 hybrids, and also A. barbata. Furthermore it is shown that the epiblast can serve as a good marker to distinguish between the hexaploid A. byzantina and the tetraploid A. abyssinica, especially for those cases where previously only the chromosome number could have served this purpose. From the micromorphological findings, some cytological data, and plant distributional data, the author decided to regard A. abyssinica, A. barbata, and A. vaviloviana as separate species. The status of these species in previous classifications is compared with that proposed here. The many different classifications used in the past are attributed to the fact that no reliable diagnostic morphological markers were discovered by previous workers. A connection was discovered between A. occidentalis of the Canary Islands and the tetraploid abyssinian oats and a close relationship in this vicarious group is speculated.

Introduction

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Peter Avery ◽  
Alexandra D’Arcy ◽  
Keren Rice
Keyword(s):  
World Englishes ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
The Past ◽  
English Usage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oxford Dictionary ◽  
The Many ◽  
Quality Of Research

The past twenty-five years have seen an enormous growth in research into World Englishes, reflecting a new recognition of the status of the many national English dialects. Canadian English has been no exception to this trend and we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the quantity and quality of research into this variety. The stature it is now accorded as a separate dialect of English is reflected in the number of dictionaries, thesauruses, usage guides, and other reference works published since the late 1990s that were devoted specifically to Canadian English (e.g., Guide to Canadian English usage; Canadian Oxford dictionary; Oxford Canadian Dictionary; Collins essential Canadian English dictionary and thesaurus; Fitzhenry and Whiteside Canadian thesaurus) as well as audio-visual productions (e.g., Dialects of Canadian English; Talking Canadian).

scholarly journals The Triple Threat of Cryptococcosis: It’s the Body Site, the Strain, and/or the Host

mBio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Perfect
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Human Immune

ABSTRACT Cryptococcosis is the leading invasive fungal infection in the world today. Over the past century, the causative agents, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, have risen from the status of medical curiosities to common but life-threatening central nervous system pathogens. In an elegant experimental pathobiology study of these two organisms carried out by Ngamskulrungroj et al., there are three matters that merit further discussion. First is the question of whether there is a variable specific pathobiology for each yeast strain. Does it make biological and clinical sense to designate C. neoformans and C. gattii as two separate species? Second is the matter of how the organisms differ pathologically at the site of infection. Finally, there is the possibility that the human immune system responds differently to each species. Although no single study can provide definitive mechanistic answers to the important questions, this experimental pathology study and its discussion clearly frame the issues to be dissected.

The past and future of geriatric day hospitals

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Beynon ◽  
D Padiachy
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Care ◽  
Health Resource ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Day Hospitals ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Uk

SummaryThe status of the geriatric day hospital within the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK has changed significantly over the past fifty years. We conducted a literature review starting from the inception of the geriatric day hospital, when it was viewed as the ‘shop front for geriatric services’ and was subsequently replicated in many western health systems, to the present uncertainty surrounding the model in terms of outcomes and cost effectiveness. The article also highlights the input of the Royal College of Physicians and the British Geriatric Society to the management and development of day hospitals. The geriatric day hospital has become one of the many service models under the umbrella of intermediate care services, offering comprehensive geriatric assessment and care to older people in the community. However, with the current practices of commissioning of services and ‘payment by results’, the future of this precious health resource remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Bat research efforts in the Philippines: a post-millennium review to identify future research prospects and priorities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krizler C Tanalgo ◽  
Alice C Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Surveys ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bat Conservation ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Effective Conservation

Empirical evidence is crucial to develop effective conservation policies. Documenting and assessing the status and threats towards a species and its habitat are essential steps towards developing appropriate policies to protect its population and mitigate existing threats to prevent future extinction. Here, we summarize recent bat research in the Philippines using a bibliographic approach to assess progress and gaps in different aspects of bat research species in a period of post-millennia to present. Overall, an average of 7.9 bat studies was reported per year including grey literature. Our analysis revealed that majority of bat studies conducted have been directed at community surveys (i.e., species inventories, rapid assessments). However, we found a disparity in terms of an average number of study per group; the “insectivorous bats” (6.15 study/yr) remain understudied compared to “fruit bats” (13.78 No study/year) for the past 18 years reflecting the lack of taxonomic studies in the country. While bat ecology research is still uncommon for most species. Interestingly, despite the lack of studies in many areas of bat research, there is a growing collaborative effort in bat conservation initiatives in the Philippines focused on the protection of many endemic and threatened species (e.g., flying foxes) and their habitats.

scholarly journals Marketing the Surveying and Geospatial Profession

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-6 ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
J. Trinder
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Many universities around the world are experiencing a decline in the number of students entering programs in surveying and geospatial engineering, including some institutions with prestigious pasts. For Australia, this raises the question of whether there will be adequate graduates in the future to replace the current cohort of surveying and geospatial professionals when they retire. It is not clear why it has not been possible to attract more school leavers into the surveying and geospatial programs, but it may be because the community at large is unaware of the many career opportunities. Several surveys have been carried out in Australia to determine the status of graduates entering the profession and the impact that shortages of graduates in the surveying and geospatial professions in the future. These shortages could seriously limit the development of infrastructure and housing if they are not overcome. Another issue is whether the demand for graduates is changing due to developments in technology that allow surveying and mapping to be undertaken more quickly and efficiently than in the past. Marketing of education programs into schools and the general population is essential. A solution maybe for a concerted global effort to encourage more school leavers to enrol in surveying and geospatial engineering programs and hence improve the viability of the profession for the future. The paper will review the impacts of shortages in graduates entering the profession and approaches to improve the marketing of the surveying and geospatial professions.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

The Many Pasts of Detective Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Public History ◽  
Detective Novel ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detective Novels ◽  
The Many

Building on Tzvetan Todorov's observation that the detective novel ‘contains not one but two stories: the story of the crime and the story of the investigation’, this essay argues that detective novels display a remarkably wide range of attitudes toward the several pasts they represent: the pasts of the crime, the community, the criminal, the detective, and public history. It traces a series of defining shifts in these attitudes through the evolution of five distinct subgenres of detective fiction: exploits of a Great Detective like Sherlock Holmes, Golden Age whodunits that pose as intellectual puzzles to be solved, hardboiled stories that invoke a distant past that the present both breaks with and echoes, police procedurals that unfold in an indefinitely extended present, and historical mysteries that nostalgically fetishize the past. It concludes with a brief consideration of genre readers’ own ambivalent phenomenological investment in the past, present, and future each detective story projects.

Lot's Offer of his Daughters to his People in the Torah and the Qur'an: A Comparative Study in Two Parts (Part One)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-224
Author(s):  
ʿĀʾiḍ B. Sad Al-Dawsarī
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The story of Lot is one of many shared by the Qur'an and the Torah, and Lot's offer of his two daughters to his people is presented in a similar way in the two books. This article compares the status of Lot in the Qur'an and Torah, and explores the moral dimensions of his character, and what scholars of the two religions make of this story. The significance of the episodes in which Lot offers his daughters to his people lies in the similarities and differences of the accounts given in the two books and the fact that, in both the past and the present, this story has presented moral problems and criticism has been leveled at Lot. Context is crucial in understanding this story, and exploration of the ways in which Lot and his people are presented is also useful in terms of comparative studies of the two scriptures. This article is divided into three sections: the first explores the depiction of Lot in the two texts, the second explores his moral limitations, and the third discusses the interpretations of various exegetes and scholars of the two books. Although there are similarities between the Qur'anic and Talmudic accounts of this episode, it is read differently by scholars from the two religions because of the different contexts of the respective accounts.

LEGAL RESEARCH AT AHMAD IBRAHIM KULLIYYAH OF LAWS, INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA: TRENDS AND POLICIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunud Abia Kadouf ◽  
Umar Aimhanosi Oseini ◽  
Ainul Jaria Maidin
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Status

The primary function of Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Laws, at the very beginning of its inception, was that of teaching civil law and Sharî’ah subjects. As it matured, its vision has been varied from teaching to that of research with the aim of attaining the status of a full research institution that provides both quality research and best legal education in the region. Similar to other institutions of higher education in Malaysia, the responsibility of research is a shared function of both graduate students and the academic staff. The research output, on the part of the students is mostly composed of either Master Dissertations or PhD Theses. The academic members of the Faculty, however, are involved either in direct research, individually or jointly, supervision, and publications of their findings. By investigating and analyzing factors influencing research activities at AIKOL in the past twenty years, the researchers will be able to identify the general trends and development of research as it unfolded over years. The researchers hope that the policymakers, at both Faculty and University levels, will use the findings to improve research quality by boldly addressing the problems hampering research progress at AIKOL.

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