Erratum: Low-temperature requirements for ascospore germination and growth of Hypoxylon diathrauston

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1053
Author(s):  
G. B. Ouellette ◽  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ascospore Germination ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Germination And Growth

Low-temperature requirements for ascospore germination and growth of Hypoxylon diathrauston

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2223-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Ouellette ◽  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ascospore Germination ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Freezing Temperatures ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germ Tubes

Ascospores of Hypoxylon diathrauston Rehm germinated only at freezing temperatures or required pretreatments at −3 °C to enable them to germinate at 12 °C. They required from 10 to 30 days to germinate in our experiments. They germinated by two, but occasionally one, three, and even four, germ tubes growing through pores in the relatively thick inner wall at each end of the slit after its enlargement. Cultures grew at 0 °C with an optimum at 12–15 °C, and a maximum between 18 and 21 °C.

Flower initiation in pasture legumes. II. Geographical implications of cold temperature requirements of varieties of Trifolium subterraneum L.

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Temperature Requirements

In Trifolium subterraneum L. (subterranean clover) the low temperature requirements of its range of varieties, together with the mild winter of southern Australia, result in a lengthened growing season compared with that usual in northern Europe, and hence in greater productivity. Over much of southern Australia, some degree of summer drought prevents the use or reduces the yield of perennial species and so the productive capacity of this particular clover has made it of major importance in pastures. The low temperature requirement, however, reduces the value of the species as a self-regenerating annual where temperatures of both summer and winter seasons are too high for flower initiation. This occurs with the later varieties when sown in northern Australia. Temperatures of the summer growing season in the tropics are likely to be too high even for the short low temperature requirement of the earliest flowering group, with its high critical upper margin of about 75°F mean weekly temperature. The dry winter months are cooler, and, if water supply is available, flower initiation is possible, though retarded with consequent leafiness of the plant. Hence in northern Australia, only varieties in the early flowering group may be of use in pastures, and then only in the cooler parts of the region.

scholarly journals Survival of Clinical and Poultry-Derived Isolates of Campylobacter jejuni at a Low Temperature (4°C)

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 4186-4191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam Fai Chan ◽  
Huyen Le Tran ◽  
R. Y. Kanenaka ◽  
S. Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Strain Dependent

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, and contamination of poultry has been implicated in illness. The bacteria are fastidious in terms of their temperature requirements, being unable to grow below ca. 31°C, but have been found to be physiologically active at lower temperatures and to tolerate exposure to low temperatures in a strain-dependent manner. In this study, 19 field isolates of C. jejuni (10 of clinical and 9 of poultry origin) were studied for their ability to tolerate prolonged exposure to low temperature (4°C). Although substantial variability was found among different strains, clinical isolates tended to be significantly more likely to remain viable following cold exposure than poultry-derived strains. In contrast, the relative degree of tolerance of the bacteria to freezing at −20°C and freeze-thawing was strain specific but independent of strain source (poultry versus clinical) and degree of cold (4°C) tolerance.

Growth of Wallrothiella arceuthobii on artificial media

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Ascospore Germination ◽  
Germination And Growth

Ascospore germination and growth of Wallrothiella arceuthobii (Peck) Sacc. on artificial media is reported. Germination was enhanced by yeast extract or by increasing the agar content of media. Yeast extract was required to sustain growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Growth Chamber Temperature on the Germination and Growth of Eustoma grandiflorum after Low-temperature Wet Treatment of Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Keigo Fukushima ◽  
Shinji Kajihara ◽  
Satoshi Ishikura ◽  
Naoko Fukuta ◽  
Tanjuro Goto
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Eustoma Grandiflorum ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Germination And Growth

scholarly journals Survival, Germination, and Growth of Epichloë typhina and Significance of Leaf Wounds and Insects in Infection of Orchardgrass

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Alderman
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ascospore Germination ◽  
Eriophyid Mites ◽  
Epichloë Typhina ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germ Tubes

Epichloë typhina is an important stroma-producing endophytic ascomycete that is responsible for significant yield loss in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) seed production fields. Infection is presumed to occur through leaves or stems, although details of the infection process and conditions that favor leaf infection are not well understood. The primary objectives of this study were to investigate the early stages of infection, including the effect of temperature or water potential on ascospore germination and subsequent growth of E. typhina, the tolerance of ascospores to desiccation, the requirement of leaf wounds for infection of orchardgrass by E. typhina, and the potential for insects to facilitate infection. Ascospores tolerated dry conditions, with at least 40% surviving 12 days under desiccation. Germination and growth of E. typhina was greatest at 25°C, with little to no growth at 5 and 35°C. Mycelial growth decreased with decreasing water potential from –0.3 to –10 MPa. Ascospore germination on leaves was predominantly hyphal at wound sites and iterative (conidiogenous) at sites without wounds. E. typhina typically entered leaves through wounds. Direct penetration was rarely observed and appeared to be associated with ascospore clusters. Germ tubes were significantly longer at sites with honeydew deposits from the bird cherry–oat aphid than at sites without honeydew. Growth of E. typhina was also observed at feeding sites of eriophyid mites, suggesting that leaf-wounding or sap-excreting insects support epiphyllous growth of E. typhina on leaves.

scholarly journals Low-Temperature Requirements for Bitumen in Central East European Road Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Radziszewski ◽  
Michał Sarnowski ◽  
Jan Król ◽  
Piotr Pokorski ◽  
Piotr Jaskuła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Special Assessment

The paper presents the proposition of special assessment of low temperature requirements for bitumens in the region of Central and Eastern Europe where there is a moderate transitional area from sea to the continental type of climate. The results of the research program conducted on the road neat bitumens, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene polymer and polymer-rubber modified bitumen, and multigrade bitumen types were presented and discussed. Based on the Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements Performance Grade procedure for low temperatures, climatic zones in Poland were developed and compared to analogous zones for other countries from the Central and Eastern Europe region as Estonia and Belarus. The results of functional Performance Grade tests and European standard test of bituminous binders were analysed. It was concluded that some of the bitumens were not meet the performance requirements in the range of low temperatures by Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements Superpave specification and the low-temperature properties of those bitumens should be improved.

Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri, Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri: low-temperature tolerant, alpine–boreal fungal antagonists

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1896-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Samuels ◽  
C. T. Rogerson ◽  
A. Y. Rossman ◽  
J. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Glomerella Cingulata ◽  
Plant Parasites ◽  
Phoma Medicaginis ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽  
Germination And Growth

The ascomycetes Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri sp. nov., Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri comb. nov. were collected in alpine–boreal habitats. They were low temperature tolerant, growing at 0 °C and poorly or not at all at temperatures above 18 °C. Optimum temperature for spore germination and growth was 10–15 °C. Nectria tuberculariformis was found to be the teleomorph of Acremonium boreale; Nectriella muelleri and Nectriella sp. each had Acremonium anamorphs. No anamorph formed in cultures of Hyponectria sceptri. All four species produced a diffusible substance or substances that inhibited growth of the mesophilic plant parasites Chondrostereum purpureum, Fusarium solani, Glomerella cingulata, and Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella. Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri, Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri are described and illustrated.

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