Hormonal regulation of apical dominance in soybeans

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ali ◽  
R. A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Physiological Stage ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
Cut Surface

Hormonal regulation of apical dominance in soybeans is dependent on the physiological stage of the lateral buds. In 7-day-old plants the cotyledonary buds are in an active state of mitosis and the application of a single hormone, gibberellic acid (GA) is effective in releasing the buds whilst indole acetic acid (IAA) is ineffective in inhibiting the buds of decapitated plants. In 16-day-old plants in which mitosis in the cotyledonary buds had ceased, a combination of both benzyladenine (BA) and GA was required for bud growth. BA initiated mitosis and GA promoted elongation. Application of IAA to the apical cut surface of these plants was effective in maintaining the inhibition of cotyledonary buds, and this inhibition could be overcome by a direct application of BA and GA to the inhibited buds. This study has shown that the growth of the inhibited cotyledonary buds in soybeans is regulated not only by auxins but by an interaction between auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins. The effectiveness of any one of these hormones in inhibiting or promoting growth of the buds is dependent on the age of the plant.

Apical dominance and the levels of indole acetic acid in Phaseolus lateral buds

Planta ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Hillman ◽  
V. B. Math ◽  
G. C. Medlow
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Lateral Buds

scholarly journals Endogenous hormonal content during grain development in hexaploid and tetraploid wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Gutam ◽  
Virendra Nath ◽  
GC Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Hormonal Content

A pot experiment was conducted in the rabi (post rainy) seasons of 2001 and 2002 to study the genotypic differences in grain growth rate and endogenous hormonal content in the developing grains of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat. The endogenous hormonal contents of grains in both the ploidy levels had changed in sequence. At 5 days after anthesis (DAA), gibberellic acid (GA3); at 15 DAA (rapid growth phase), indole-acetic acid (IAA); at 25 DAA (dough stage), abscisic acid (ABA) were maximum. At 35 DAA, all the endogenous hormonal level decreased and among the hormones, ABA was highest followed by IAA and GA3. Hexaploids recorded higher concentrations of endogenous hormones (13.38% IAA, 17.89% GA3, and 14.7% ABA) on fresh weight basis and resulted in higher seed weight (56.99 mg/grain) and grain growth rate (0.009 g/g/day) compared to tetraploids (49.08 mg/grain; 0.008 g/g/day) on dry weight basis by better mobilization of photosynthates during grain filling. Key Words: Grain growth rate, hormones, indole-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1608 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 493-502, September 2008

Relation of gibberellic acid-induced growth of wheat coleoptiles with indole acetic acid

1984 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Chattopadhyay ◽  
R.N. Bhattacharyya ◽  
P.S. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid

Studies on the growth and development of Agropyron repens: interacting effects of humidity, calcium, and nitrogen on growth of the rhizome apex and lateral buds

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon I. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apical Growth ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
Agropyron Repens

A previous investigation of apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens showed that keeping the rhizome in a high humidity promoted the outgrowth of the lateral buds but strongly inhibited the growth of the rhizome apex. A study of these related responses demonstrated that the inhibition of apical growth was not prevented by excision of the lateral buds and was also induced when only the apex of the rhizome received the high humidity treatment. The necrotic lesions that developed in the arrested apices and the reduction of apical inhibition produced by various Ca treatments indicated that the inhibition of apical growth was caused by Ca deficiency. When the rhizome apex was exposed to low humidity, a localized high-humidity treatment of the lateral buds did not release the buds from apical dominance in low-N rhizomes but strongly promoted bud growth at a higher N level. When growth of the buds was induced at low humidity by increasing the N supply, the increase in bud weight was preceded by an increase in the water content of the bud when expressed on a dry weight basis. These results agree with those of previous investigations and suggest that the interacting effects of N and humidity on the water status of the buds may play a significant role in the mechanism of apical dominance.

scholarly journals 760 PB 184 INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID REGULATES APICAL DOMINANCE BY CONTROLLING THE STATE OF WATER AND MEMBRANE LIPID COMPOSITION IN BUDS OF MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 541h-542
Author(s):  
Shiow Y. Wang ◽  
Miklos Faust ◽  
Michael J. Line
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Lateral Bud ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The effect of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on apical dominance in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) buds was examined by studying changes In proton density (free water) and membrane lipid composition in lateral buds. Decapitation induced budbreak and enhanced lateral bud growth. IAA replaced apical control of lateral bud paradormancy. Maximal inhibition was obtained when IAA was applied immediately after the apical bud was removed. Delaying this application weakens the effect of IAA. An increase in proton density in lateral buds was observable 2 days after decapitation, whereas the change in membrane lipid composition occurred 4 days later. Decapitating the terminal bud induced an increase in membrane galacto- and phospholipids. and the ratio of unsaturated to corresponding saturated fatty acids. Decapitation also induced a decrease in the ratio of free sterols to phospholipids in lateral buds. Application of IAA to the terminal end of decapitated shoots inhibited the increase of proton density and prevented changes in the membrane lipid composition of lateral buds.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and Detection of Phytohormone (Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid) Produced by Fusarium spp. that Causes Twisted Disease in Shallot

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ayu Lestiyani ◽  
Arif Wibowo ◽  
Siti Subandiyah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Bulb Rot ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The twisted disease is one of the essential diseases in shallots caused by Fusarium spp. This study aimed to study pathogenicity and identify Fusarium species isolated from shallot plants with twisted symptoms in Nganjuk and Bantul areas. The Fusarium isolates were identified and then tested for pathogenicity levels and the effect of the hormones GA3 and IAA on shallot symptoms. Molecular identification using NF2 and NF4 successfully identified one isolate of Fusarium oxysporum, three isolates of F. acutatum, and three isolates of F. solani. Each of these species produces different symptoms. Pathogenicity test showed that all isolates had disease incidence reaching 100%, except isolates of F. solani1 causing wilt and F. solani3 causing twisted have the lower disease incidence were 77.8% and 77.7%, respectively. The investigation caused twisted shallot related to different symptoms was tested using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The result indicates that all isolates did not find IAA hormone. In contrast, the hormone GA3 was found in F. solani2 and F. solani3 isolates, caused bulb rot and twisted disease, respectively. Detection of IAA, GA3, and other hormones in shallot plants showed different symptoms should be studied further.

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