Chemical dedikaryotization of Coprinus myceliocephalus (Agaricales)

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton McClaren
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Sodium Arsenate ◽  
Dikaryotic Mycelium

The dikaryotic mycelium of the homothallic basidiomycete Coprinus myceliocephalus Lange was treated with chemicals known to induce dedikaryotization. Two monokaryotic isolates were recovered from mycelia grown for 16 weeks in 0.042% sodium arsenate in a solid basal medium and one isolate was recovered after 3 weeks from a liquid medium containing 0.5% cholic acid. The monokaryotic cultures did not form basidiocarps, although the dikaryotic mycelium regularly fruited in culture. Monokaryotic cultures did not revert to the dikaryotic condition nor did mating occur between the paired monokaryotic forms.

scholarly journals PRIMACY OF LIQUID MEDIUM TECHNIQUE ON PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES PROPAGATION OF Phalaenopsis sp ORCHIDS IN TISSUE CULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Kriswanto ◽  
Sigit Soeparjono ◽  
Didik Pudji Restanto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Range Test

Tissue culture have been used for plant propagation generally, and the medium has been important role in its growth. Vegetative propagation on Phalaenopsis sp orchids can be through the protocorm like bodies (PLB). Medium of affect on propagation of PLB was carried out on medium type, kind of basal medium and concentrations ratio of naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzylamino purine (BAP). The experiment used Completely Randomized Factorial Design with 3 replications and continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if there were significant differences. The results showed that the best callus formed in a combination of solid medium type and Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium was 100%. The most number of PLB produced from a combination of liquid medium types and a concentration ratio of NAA 1 mgL-1 and BAP 5 mgL-1, the most number of plantlet produced from a combination of MS basal medium and the concentrations ratio of NAA 0.1 mgL-1 and BAP 0.1 mgL-1, the number of PLB germination and PLB with leaves were influenced by each single factor.

scholarly journals A Protocol for Axenic Liquid Cell Cultures of a Woody Leguminous Mangrove, Caesalpinia crista, and their Amino Acids Profiling

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Inoue ◽  
Shinjiro Ogita ◽  
Shinpei Tsuchiya ◽  
Reiko Minagawa ◽  
Hamako Sasamoto
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Callus induction, maintenance and protoplast cultures were achieved from immature seeds of a woody leguminous mangrove, Caesalpinia crista. Axenic cultures were possible during 1.5 months of pod storage in 0.1% benzalkonium chloride solution. Callus induction was achieved using 1 mL liquid medium in a 10 mL flat-bottomed culture tube. Protoplasts were isolated using Cellulase R10, Hemicellulase, and Driselase 20 in 0.6 M mannitol solution and sub-culturable calluses were obtained in 50 μL liquid medium using a 96-microplate method. The optimal hormonal concentration was 10 μM each of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and benzyladenine in liquid Murashige and Skoog's basal medium for both callus induction and maintenance, and protoplast cultures. Similarities and differences in amino acid profiles and culture conditions are discussed among woody mangrove species and non-mangrove leguminous species. Caesalpinia crista cultures were unique as they secreted a large amount of amino acids, including proline, into the liquid culture medium.

Osmotic effects on radial growth rate and specific growth rate of three soil fungi

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1434-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Sterne ◽  
T. H. McCarver
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

The radial growth rate on osmotically adjusted agar medium and the relative specific growth rate in osmotically adjusted liquid medium were determined for Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, and Verticillium dahliae. On basal medium, an isolate of P. ultimum and R. solani had similar radial growth rates of 0.52 and 0.47 mm/h, respectively, whereas V. dahliae grew at a rate of 0.08 mm/h. Radial growth rate was reduced 50% at osmotic potentials of −16, −27, and −32 bars for P. ultimum, R. solani, and V. dahliae, respectively. No growth occurred at −32 bars for P. ultimum, −56.2 bars for R. solani, and −100 bars for V. dahlia. Specific growth rates in liquid culture were 0.011 h−1 for P. ultimum, 0.008 h−1 for V. dahliae, and 0.026 h−1 for R. solani. Ratios of radial growth rate (Kr) to specific growth rate (αs) were computed for each fungus growing at different osmotic potentials. There was not a constant relationship between Kr on agar and αs in liquid medium, e.g., Kr/αs ratios varied from 8–41% from a mean ratio for a particular species. The results indicated that radial growth rate on osmotic agar was not useful as a measure of relative specific growth rate of a fungus in osmotically adjusted liquid medium.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Somatic Embryogenesis and Production of Developmentally Arrested Embryos in Nigella sativa L.

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Elhag ◽  
Mahmoud M. El-Olemy ◽  
Mansour S. Al-Said
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Somatic embryogenesis of Nigella sativa was investigated with the objective of inducing and isolating somatic embryos for biosynthetic studies. Callus cultures were initiated from leaf, stem, and root explants of axenic seedlings on MSB5 basal medium supplemented with kinetin (0.46 μm) and 2,4-D (4.5 or 13.5 μm) or NAA (5.4 or 16.2 μm) in the dark. Cultures initiated and subcultured on medium containing NAA produced friable callus with numerous roots regardless of explant type. Cultures initiated, subcultured, or both, on medium with low 2,4-D concentration produced shiny embryogenic masses. These cultures differentiated into somatic embryos on medium containing NAA. The embryos developed into leafy structures on basal medium devoid of growth regulators. When the embryogenic callus was transferred to liquid medium containing NAA, numerous embryos and clusters of embryos were released into the liquid medium but, in contrast to solid medium, development remained arrested at the early embryonic stages. The developmentally arrested embryos were tested for production of active constituents of N. sativa oil. Chemical names used: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); kinetin (K).

scholarly journals Preconditioning Effects of Proliferation Medium on Adventitious Regeneration of Pear

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 832B-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Adventitious Regeneration ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Half Strength

Preconditioning effects of cytokinin in the shoot proliferation medium on explant quality and subsequent adventitious regeneration of `Bartlett' and `Beurre Bosc' pear were investigated. The basal medium for regeneration consisted of half-strength MS macro- and micronutrients, MS organics, 30 g·liter–1 sucrose, 6 g·liter–1 agar, and 10 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), and 1 μM NAA. Leaves from BAP medium were more effective than those from media with 2-iP or kinetin in spite of the increased leaf size of shoots cultured with 2-iP (28% vs. 10%). Use of leaves from in vitro-rooted shoots did not increase regeneration frequency (19.5% vs. 31%) of `Bartlett'. Actively expanding leaves are more suitable explants than larger, fully expanded leaves. Liquid medium overlays and incubation in liquid medium decreased regeneration frequency when compared with agar-solidified medium. Among auxins in regeneration induction phase media, IBA (0.5 or 1.0 μM) resulted in greater regeneration than NAA.

Turbomolecular Pumped Electron Microscopy of Rubella Virus (In BHK Celis)

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
A. B. Taylor ◽  
G. C. Cole ◽  
M. A. Holcomb ◽  
C. A. Baechler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Fetal Calf Serum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Baby Hamster Kidney ◽  
Input Multiplicity ◽  
Baby Hamster Kidney Cells

An aliquot from a continuous fermenter culture of baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21 Clone PD-4) (Wistar) maintained in Ca free Eagle's Basal Medium containing 2% Kaolin adsorbed fetal calf serum was planted in spinner flasks at 300,000 cells per ml, total volume 600 ml. After equilibration for one day at 35°C to insure that cells were in log phase, the culture was infected with the M-33-AGMK25 BHK-219 strain of rubella at an input multiplicity of about 6 TCID50 per cell. The virus was identified with specific rubella antiserum.Preliminary experiments had shown that such cultures would reach a peak or plateau HA titer of approximately 1:64, 24 hrs after inoculation and would continue to yield virus for 6 to 12 days. One hundred ml aliquot harvests were withdrawn daily and the culture was returned to volume with growth medium and incubation continued. The harvested cells were spun down rapidly at 2500 rpm per 15 mins., fixed in 3.7% gluteraldehyde in Ca free phosphate buffer saline, and post fixed in osmium tetraoxide. After dehydration, the cells were embedded in Epon 812 and cured approximately 20 hrs at 60°C.

Morphometric Analysis of the Hepatocytes from Fish Exposed to Arsenic

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
Elsie M. B. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Sodium Arsenate ◽  
Lepomis Cyanellus ◽  
Mammalian Counterpart ◽  
Intracellular Changes ◽  
Green Sunfish ◽  
Organic Pesticides

The detoxification capacity of the liver is well documented for a variety of substances including ethanol, organic pesticides, drugs, and metals. The piscean liver, although less enzymatically active than the mammalian counterpart (1), contains endoplasmic reticulum with an impressive repertoire of oxidizing, reducing, and conjugating abilities (2). Histopathologic changes are kncwn to occur in fish hepatocytes following in vivo exposure to arsenic (3); however, ultrastructural changes have not been reported. This study involved the morphometric analysis of intracellular changes in fish parynchymal hepatocytes and correlation with arsenic concentration in the liver.Green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus, R.) were exposed to 0, 30, or 60 ppm arsenic (as sodium arsenate) at 20°C for 1, 2, or 3 week intervals before removal of livers for quantification of the arsenic burden (using neutron activation analysis) and morphometric analysis of ultrastructural alterations. Livers were cut into 1 mm cubes for fixation, dehydration, and embedding.

Somatic embryogenesis of Cyclamen persicum in liquid medium

1995 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Kreuger ◽  
Erik Postma ◽  
Yvon Brouwer ◽  
Gerrit-Jan van Holst
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum

Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
K. Choudhary ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
M. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pasture Legume

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l  of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l  of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture  legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)

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