Histological studies of Melampsora lini resistance in flax

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1713-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry J. Littlefield ◽  
Sandra J. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Tissue Transplant

Histological comparisons were made of immune, intermediate, and susceptible reactions of Linum usitatissimum to Melampsora lini at intervals after inoculation. All reactions were quite similar for the first 36–48 h. Immunity was correlated with length and number of hyphae per infection site as well as the number of haustoria per infection site. Haustorial size was not related to host reaction. The number of collapsed host cells and the area of starch accumulation were useful for comparison of widely divergent, but not of similar reaction types. Tissue transplant studies showed that the mycelium was killed, rather than retarded in the immune reaction.

Light and scanning electron microscopy of the telial, pycnial, and aecial stages of Melampsora lini

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Gold ◽  
L. J. Littlefield
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Morphological Variants ◽  
Scanning Electron

Urediospore infection by Melampsore lini on stems or leaves of Linum usitatissimum produced uredia which quickly converted from urediospore to teliospore production. The telium was composed of a palisade of laterally united, sessile, prismatic teliospores (ca. 50 × 6 μm) positioned between the epidermis and the stem cortex. Teliospores were induced to germinate by subjecting telia to a series of freeze–thaw and wet–dry cycles. Germination began after 6–10 such cycles and continued until 20–24 cycles had been performed. Teliospores germinated apically to form basidia and smooth, ovate to elliptical basidiospores (ca. 6 × 5 μm). Basidiospore germlings penetrated directly through the host epidermis and formed intercellular and intracellular hyphae. The haploid intracellular structures formed were irregular and hypha like, often septate, and occasionally grew into adjacent host cells. Several morphological variants of intracellular hyphae were observed; all such structures were distinct from the more specialized dikaryotic haustoria derived from either dikaryotic aeciospore or urediospore infections. Development of pycnia occurred primarily in the substomatal cavities of leaves. Flexuous hyphae extended through stomata; concomitantly, pycniospores produced in chains from a palisade of pycniosporophores exuded through the stomata onto the leaf surface in droplets of honeydew. Pycniospores were smooth, ellipsoidal, and ca. 3 × 1.5 μm. Caeomoid aecia developed on both sides of flax leaves and on stems. Short irregular chains of aeciospores alternating with smaller wedge-shaped intercalary cells were produced from sporogenous hyphae at the base of aecia. Mature aeciospores were globose to ovate (ca. 16 × 13 μm) and were densely ornamented with smooth, cog-like verrucae.

Histological studies on host-cell necrosis conditioned by the Sr6 gene for resistance in wheat to stem rust

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1445-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Samborski ◽  
W. K. Kim ◽  
R. Rohringer ◽  
N. K. Howes ◽  
R. J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Histological Studies

Seedlings of resistant (Sr6) and susceptible (sr6) near-isogenic lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were inoculated with a race of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) that was avirulent on the line with Sr6 and they were kept at 19, 25, 26, and 27 °C. Fluorescence microscopy was used to detect autofluorescing necrotic host cells and rust colonies after these were stained with a fiuorochrome (Calcofluor White M2R New).In leaves containing the Sr6 gene, a smaller percentage of colonies grown at 25 °C had necrotic cells associated with them than those that were grown at 19 °C. The incidence of colony-associated necrosis in these leaves could be further reduced by increasing the temperature to 26 °C and 27 °C. Similarly, the number of necrotic host cells per colony decreased with an increase in temperature. Colonies in genotypically resistant leaves were usually smaller than those in genotypically susceptible leaves, but the differences in colony sizes between these two lines decreased at the higher temperatures.When infected plants containing the Sr6 gene were kept for varying times at 25 °C and then were transferred to 19 °C, there was significantly less fungal growth and more necrosis than in plants kept continuously at 25 °C. This necrosis occurred largely in those cells that were invaded after the transfer to 19 °C, when the Sr6 gene was activated.

CDC Bethune flax

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Rowland ◽  
Y. A. Hormis ◽  
K. Y. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Moderately Resistant

CDC Bethune, is a medium-late-maturing oilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) developed by Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. This cultivar has medium oil content, medium oil quality, medium seed size, good lodging resistance and high yield when seeded early in the Black and the Brown Soil zones of the prairies. It is immune to North American races of rust caused by Melampsora lini and moderately resistant to wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. Key words: Flax, oilseed, Linum usitatissimum L., cultivar description

Erratum: Histological studies of Melampsora lini resistance in flax

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1136-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry J. Littlefield ◽  
Sandra J. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Histological Studies ◽  
Melampsora Lini

not available

scholarly journals Virulence protein VirD5 ofAgrobacterium tumefaciensbinds to kinetochores in host cells via an interaction with Spt4

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (38) ◽  
pp. 10238-10243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Zhang ◽  
G. Paul H. van Heusden ◽  
Paul J. J. Hooykaas
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Virulence Proteins ◽  
Virulence Protein

The bacteriumAgrobacterium tumefacienscauses crown gall tumor formation in plants. During infection the bacteria translocate an oncogenic piece of DNA (transferred DNA, T-DNA) into plant cells at the infection site. A number of virulence proteins are cotransported into host cells concomitantly with the T-DNA to effectuate transformation. Using yeast as a model host, we find that one of these proteins, VirD5, localizes to the centromeres/kinetochores in the nucleus of the host cells by its interaction with the conserved protein Spt4. VirD5 promotes chromosomal instability as seen by the high-frequency loss of a minichromosome in yeast. By using both yeast and plant cells with a chromosome that was specifically marked by alacOrepeat, chromosome segregation errors and the appearance of aneuploid cells due to the presence of VirD5 could be visualized in vivo. Thus, VirD5 is a prokaryotic virulence protein that interferes with mitosis.

Factors involved in the amelioration of retarded symbiosis in Tinaroo glycine

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Diatloff
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Envelope Membranes

Root nodules formed on Tinaroo glycine (Glycine wightii) were slow to pigment and begin fixing nitrogen. Various carbon and nitrogen compounds enhanced nodule pigmentation, the greening of the plants, and the rate of nitrogen fixation at 42 days. Of these inositol, glucose, ammonium nitrate (as both foliar and root applications) and coconut milk were most effective. Riboflavin, sodium glutamate and nodule infusion had little effect. There were no structural differences between nodules enhanced respectively by glucose and ammonium nitrate. Nodules on control plants showed slow development of the bacteroids and envelope membranes, with copious starch accumulation in uninvaded host cells. It was concluded that the retarded symbiosis in formed nodules was due initially to tardy nodule formation depleting the nitrogen reserves in the seeds before nitrogen fixation began. Because of the interaction of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, self-regeneration of nitrogen fixation in chlorotic plants was slow without an external stimulus. It is suggested that by selecting lines of the legume with larger seeds or by incorporating nitrogen in seed pellets the problem might be overcome.

CDC Buryu oilseed flax

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Booker ◽  
Gordon Rowland ◽  
Hadley R. Kutcher ◽  
khalid Y. rashid
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Maturity Rating

CDC Buryu, a late maturing oilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), was registered in 2016 by the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. This cultivar had yield (106%) comparable to CDC Bethune and a maturity rating equal to Flanders in all soil zones of the Northern Prairies. The yield advantage over CDC Bethune was greater (>8%) in the Brown soil and Black soil zones of the Northern Prairies. It had medium oil content, oil quality, and seed size and good lodging resistance. It is immune to North American rust (race 371) caused by Melampsora lini and moderately resistant to wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lini and powdery mildew caused by Oidium lini.

AC Emerson flax

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Kenaschuk ◽  
K. Y. Rashid ◽  
G. H. Gubbels
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AC Emerson, a medium-early maturing oilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), was released by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agri-Food Diversification Research Centre, Morden, Manitoba, in 1994. The cultivar has high oil quality, medium-large seed size and was high yielding in both early and late seeding tests in the Black and the Brown Soil zones of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Because of its chlorosis tolerance, it is particularly well suited to the calcareous soils of Manitoba. It is immune to North American races of rust caused by Melampsora lini and moderately resistant to wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. Key words: Flax, oilseed, Linum usitatissimum L., cultivar description

AC Watson flax

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Kenaschuk ◽  
K. Y. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Good Yielding ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AC Watson, a medium–early maturing oilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) was released in 1997 by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, Morden, Manitoba. The cultivar has high oil quality, medium-large seed size, good lodging resistance, and with good yielding in both early and late seeding in the Black and the Brown Soil zones of the prairies. It is immune to North American races of rust caused by Melampsora lini and moderately resistant to wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. Key words: Flax, oilseed, Linum usitatissimum L., cultivar description

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document