Studies on the production of perithecial stromata by Cordyceps militaris in artificial culture

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Basith ◽  
M. F. Madelin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Artificial Culture ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Low Concentrations

Some nutritional and environmental factors which influence the production and maturation of perithecial stromata of Cordyceps militaris (Linnaeus) Link in artificial culture have been studied. The fungus grows vegetatively in defined media with a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources without added vitamins, and can use nitrate as sole nitrogen source, but forms stromata only under special nutritional conditions such as are provided by a medium of sterilized soaked rice grains. Illumination at more than 3 foot-candles is necessary for stromata to be initiated, and an intensity greater than a threshold value between 15 and 90 ft-c is necessary for production of mature perithecia. Temperatures above about 22 °C depress stroma development. So, too, does excessive aeration, which removes a gaseous or volatile stimulatory substance which is produced by the cultures. Media found suitable for stroma production include mineral salt solutions with either starch or sucrose associated with either haemoglobin or casein or peptone. Amino acids, used singly or in mixture, and glucose were not favorable. There was no evidence that fruiting required growth factors. The results support the view that stroma production is favored by media with carbon and nitrogen sources which cannot be assimilated until they have been hydrolyzed, and which consequently sustain favorably low concentrations of assimilable nutrients over a long period.

scholarly journals Improved Cordycepin Production by Cordyceps militaris KYL05 Using Casein Hydrolysate in Submerged Conditions

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Kweon Lee ◽  
Ju Hun Lee ◽  
Hyeong Ryeol Kim ◽  
Youngsang Chun ◽  
Ja Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Bioactive Product ◽  
Submerged Conditions

Cordycepin, a beneficial bioactive product specifically found in Cordyceps, has received attention in various bioindustrial applications such as in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmetics, due to its significant functions. However, low productivity of cordycepin is a barrier to commercialization. In this study, Cordyceps militaris was mutated by UV irradiation to improve the cordycepin production. The highest producer KYL05 strain was finally selected and its cordycepin production was increased about 1.5-fold compared to wild type. In addition, the effects of culture conditions were fundamentally investigated. Optimal conditions were as follows: pH 6, temperature of 25 °C, shaking speed of 150 rpm, and culture time of 6 days. Effects of medium component on cordycepin production were also investigated by using various carbon and nitrogen sources. It was found that glucose and casein hydrolysate (CH) were most effective as carbon and nitrogen sources in cordycepin production (2.3-fold improvement) with maximum cordycepin production of about 445 mg/L. In particular, production was significantly affected by CH. These results should be of value in improving the efficiency of mass production of cordycepin.

Physiological control of trophophase–idiophase separation in streptomycete cultures producing secondary metabolites

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Liao ◽  
Leo C. Vining ◽  
Janice L. Doull
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Streptomyces Venezuelae ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Defined Media

Cultures of Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2) produced actinorhodin in defined media with various carbon and nitrogen sources. Production occurred during biomass accumulation if assimilation of either the carbon or the nitrogen source limited the rate of growth. High growth rates tended to delay product synthesis until after biomass accumulation was complete, but fully biphasic fermentation profiles were achieved only with media supporting very rapid growth. The onset of actinorhodin production then coincided with a decline in the growth rate during transition of carbon-sufficient cultures to stationary phase. In cultures with maltose as a growth-limiting carbon source, depletion of phosphate increased the rate of actinorhodin biosynthesis, but did not alter the timing of its initiation. With defined media, the use of spores rather than vegetative mycelium as inocula reduced the overlap between trophophase and idiophase. The general guidelines for achieving biphasic production of actinorhodin in S. coelicolor A3 (2) cultures could be used to obtain trophophase–idiophase separation in cultures of Streptomyces venezuelae producing chloramphenicol. However, the conditions needed to be modified to give optimized biphasic fermentations with individual strains. Under conditions favouring chloramphenicol production in a distinct idiophase, aromatic amine secondary metabolites in the same cultures of S. venezuelae were produced in a pattern that overlapped the trophophase, suggesting that conditions need to be tailored also to meet differences in the regulation of secondary metabolites.Key words: Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2), Streptomyces venezuelae, actinorhodin, biphasic fermentations, chloramphenicol, inoculum shift down.

scholarly journals High level production of laccases and peroxidases from the newly isolated white-rot basidiomycete Marasmiellus palmivorus VE111 in a stirred-tank bioreactor in response to different carbon and nitrogen sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Daniel Hahn Schneider ◽  
Roselei Claudete Fontana ◽  
Simone Mendonça ◽  
Félix Gonçalves de Siqueira ◽  
Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Production

Growth Conditions of a Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. as an Enhanced Oil Recovery Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Xiang Ping Kong
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The growth conditions of a Geobacillus sp. were investigated by single-factor experiments. The strain was strictly aerobic bacterium, and could grow on hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were 3.0% sucrose and 0.20% KNO3, respectively. The range of temperature, salinity and pH for the bacterial growth was 35-70 °C, 0-10% NaCl and 5.5-9.5, and good growth was obtained at 35-65 °C, 0.5-8% NaCl and 6.0-9.0, respectively. Particularly, the optimum temperature for the bacterial growth was between 50 °C and 60 °C. The strain had wide adaptability to the extreme conditions, and may be potentially applied to microbial enhanced oil recovery and oil-waste bioremediation technology.

scholarly journals Optimising carbon and nitrogen sources for Azotobacter chroococcum growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 2951-2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gutieacute rrez Rojas Ivonne ◽  
Beatriz Torres Geraldo Ana ◽  
Moreno Sarmiento Nubia
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen
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