BIOGEOGRAPHY OF JACK PINE

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2201-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Yeatman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Hybrid Swarms ◽  
Late Tertiary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Probable Origin

Interpretation of genetic variation associated with geographic origin must take into account the evolution and migratory history of the species being-studied. A literature survey was made to determine the probable origin of jack pine (pinus banksiana) and its migration from glacial refugia following the Wisconsin glacial maximum. Jack pine and contorta pine (Pinus contorta) became differentiated following cooling of the climate and crustal uplift in western North America in the late Tertiary. Modern hybrid swarms and introgression of jack pine and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. lalifolia) east of the Rocky Mountains are of recent origin, dating from late post-glacial migration from the east and west respectively. Geological and paleobotanical evidence, particularly from fossil pollen depositions, indicate that jack pine survived glaciation in an extensive refugium centered on the Appalachian Highlands of eastern North America, and not in additional refugia south or west of the Great Lakes. This conclusion is consistent with the clinal pattern of geographic variation evident from genecological studies of the species.

Pissodes terminalis. [Distribution map].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pissodes terminalis Hopping. Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, Yukon, USA, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington, Wyoming).

Davisomycella ampla. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Needle Blight

Abstract A description is provided for Davisomycella ampla. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus banksiana, P. contorta, P. strobus, P. pinaster, P. radiata. DISEASE: Jack pine needle blight. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (USA, Canada); South America (Brazil); New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores.

A Note on the Life History of Cimberis elongatus (Lec.) (Coleoptera: Anthribidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Thomas ◽  
H. Herdy
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shoot Damage

Insect damage to jack pine shoots (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in the Lake Nipigon region of Ontario was first reported by Thomas and Lindquist (1956). Since then, a study of insects infesting jack pine shoots has shown that a bark beetle, Conophthorus sp., has been chiefly responsible for shoot damage. A secondary borer, Cimberis elongatus (Lec.), was usually associated with the bark beetle, and because little has been published on the biology of any of the anthribids, the general life history of C. elongatus is outlined here.

scholarly journals Moose genomes reveal past glacial demography and the origin of modern lineages

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dussex ◽  
Federica Alberti ◽  
Matti T. Heino ◽  
Remi-Andre Olsen ◽  
Tom van der Valk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Numerous megafauna species from northern latitudes went extinct during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition as a result of climate-induced habitat changes. However, several ungulate species managed to successfully track their habitats during this period to eventually flourish and recolonise the holarctic regions. So far, the genomic impacts of these climate fluctuations on ungulates from high latitudes have been little explored. Here, we assemble a de-novo genome for the European moose (Alces alces) and analyse it together with re-sequenced nuclear genomes and ancient and modern mitogenomes from across the moose range in Eurasia and North America. Results We found that moose demographic history was greatly influenced by glacial cycles, with demographic responses to the Pleistocene/Holocene transition similar to other temperate ungulates. Our results further support that modern moose lineages trace their origin back to populations that inhabited distinct glacial refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Finally, we found that present day moose in Europe and North America show low to moderate inbreeding levels resulting from post-glacial bottlenecks and founder effects, but no evidence for recent inbreeding resulting from human-induced population declines. Conclusions Taken together, our results highlight the dynamic recent evolutionary history of the moose and provide an important resource for further genomic studies.

Stability of resistance to western gall rust and needle cast in lodgepole pine provenances

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry X Wu ◽  
Cheng C Ying
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
Endocronartium Harknessii ◽  
Stability Of Resistance ◽  
Site Evaluation

Stability of 76 interior lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia Engelm.) provenances in resistance to western gall rust (Endocronartium harknessii (J.P. More) Y. Hiratsuka) and needle cast (Lophodermella concolor (Dearn.) Darker) was investigated from 19 and 23 sites in the British Columbia interior, respectively. Provenances, sites, and provenance by site interaction had significant effects on severity level of infection of both diseases. Susceptible provenances contributed mainly to the interaction. The resistant provenances to both diseases were very stable and essentially homeostatic across sites (regression coefficient approaching 0). Resistant provenances were concentrated in the jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) - lodgepole pine hybrid zone and adjacent areas, and provenances from the low-elevation interior wetbelt were also very resistant to needle cast. Geographic patterns of provenance variation revealed that the closer a lodgepole pine provenance is to the limit of jack pine distribution, the higher and more stable is its resistance to western gall rust and needle cast. The current multiple-site evaluation supports for the hypothesis that jack pine introgression influences pest defence in lodgepole pine and suggests genetic selection can be effective.

A mitochondrial DNA minisatellite reveals the postglacial history of jack pine (Pinus banksiana), a broad-range North American conifer

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3497-3512 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE GODBOUT ◽  
JUAN P. JARAMILLO-CORREA ◽  
JEAN BEAULIEU ◽  
JEAN BOUSQUET
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
North American ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Postglacial History ◽  
History Of

Tamarack (Pinaceae): previously unrecorded developmental host for pine engraver and southern pine engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal J.K. Gandhi ◽  
Steven J. Seybold
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Ips Pini ◽  
Usda Forest Service ◽  
Pine Engraver ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Pinus Coulteri

The pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), is broadly distributed across North America (Lanier 1972; Wood 1982; Seybold et al. 1995) with a host range that includes most species of Pinus L., and in rare cases, species of Picea A. Dietrich (both Pinaceae), within its range (Swaine 1918; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; Furniss and Carolin 1992). Ips pini has been recorded from Pinus banksiana Lamb., Pinus resinosa Ait., and Pinus strobus L. (eastern North America), and from three of four subspecies of Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loudon [P. c. contorta, P. c. latifolia (Engelm.) Critch., and P. c. murrayana (Balf.) Critch.], Pinus coulteri D. Don, Pinus jeffreyi Balf., Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. and C. Laws., and Pinus flexilis James (western North America) (Furniss and Carolin 1992; Seybold et al. 1995). Hopping (1964) reported I. pini on Picea rubens Sarg., Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. The adult insect is intermediate in length relative to most Ips spp., ranging from 3.3 to 4.5 mm (Hopping 1964; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; USDA Forest Service 1985).

Population differentiation of the lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) complex in Alberta: growth, survival, and responses to climate

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deogratias M. Rweyongeza ◽  
Narinder K. Dhir ◽  
Leonard K. Barnhardt ◽  
Christine Hansen ◽  
Rong-Cai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Population Distributions ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
High Elevations

Growth and survival of 33 populations from a species complex involving interior lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) and jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and their natural hybrids in Alberta were evaluated at ages 5, 10, and 15 years in eight test sites across Alberta. We determined population differentiations by estimating Mahalanobis distances between populations from the canonical discriminant analysis of the total variability and by calculating dissimilarity indexes between populations from the quadratic regression of overall growth and survival on the overall climate. The grouping of the populations based on the Mahalanobis distances showed that most jack pine populations could be separated from lodgepole and hybrid populations, but no further subdivision was possible to distinguish lodgepole from hybrid populations. This clustering pattern was remarkably similar to the grouping based on molecular markers as shown in our earlier study. This pattern of grouping is best explained by a clear elevational demarcation between jack pine at low elevations and lodgepole pine and hybrids at midrange and high elevations. The grouping of the populations based on the dissimilarity indexes revealed a somewhat contrasting pattern; most lodgepole pine populations were in one group, whereas jack pine and hybrid populations were mixed up in the other group. The two contrasting patterns of grouping suggest that nonclimatic factors such as edaphic preference and habitat disturbances are also important in determining population distributions and niche spaces in the lodgepole – jack pine complex.

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