ROOT EXUDATES FROM RED PINE SEEDLINGS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PYTHIUM ULTIMUM

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Agnihotri ◽  
O. Vaartaja
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Exudate ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Germ Tubes

The role of root exudates in interaction between pine roots (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and Pythium ultimum Trow was studied. By paper chromatographic methods three sugars and 13 amino acids were definitely identified in the root exudate. Gamma amino butyric acid was most abundant, although asparagine, glycine, serine, and alanine were also present in large amounts. Valine, leucine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and proline were detected in smaller quantities. Among the sugars, both glucose and fructose were abundant while traces of arabinose were detected. When supplied singly, all amino acids and sugars except serine, leucine and arabinose, stimulated growth of the pathogen and germination of sporangia. Mixtures of sugars or mixtures of three or four amino acids were very effective in stimulating mycelial growth and development of germ tubes. The kind of nutrient influenced the number of germ tubes per sporangium. Favorable nutrient combinations, viz. mixtures of sugars, mixtures of three or four amino acids or root exudate solution, produced two to nine germ tubes, while unfavorable ones, viz., glycine, arabinose and serine, etc., produced one or two germ tubes.

Seed exudates from Pinus resinosa and their effects on growth and zoospore germination of Pythium afertile

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1135-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Agnihotri ◽  
O. Vaartaja
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Seed Exudate ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germ Tubes

The role of exudates from germinating seeds of red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., was examined in relation to zoospore germination and growth of Pythium afertile Kanouse and Humphrey. By paper chromatography, 14 amino acids, 4 sugars, and 3 organic acids were identified in the seed exudate. Among the sugars, glucose, fructose, and sucrose were detected in large amounts and arabinose in small amounts. Of 14 amino acids identified, threonine, lysine, arginine, and glutamine were present in trace amounts; leucine, γ-aminobutyric acid, valine, asparagine, and alanine in large amounts; and proline, serine, glycine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid in small amounts. Of three organic acids detected, malonic acid was most abundant whereas citric and fumaric acids were present in small and trace amounts, respectively.When supplied singly, all sugars and amino acids, except alanine, threonine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and arabinose stimulated mycelial growth and germ tube growth of P. afertile. Organic acids promoted no growth and inhibited zoospore germination. Mixtures of sugars and mixtures of three or four amino acids effectively stimulated growth of mycelium and germ tubes. One to three germ tubes were produced with certain amino acids and sugars but only one germ tube with others. There was no correlation between the percentage zoospore germination and length of germ tube.

Role of proteinaceous amino acids released in root exudates in nutrient acquisition from the rhizosphere

1994 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Jones ◽  
A. C. Edwards ◽  
K. Donachie ◽  
P. R. Darrah
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition

Germ-tube production by Candida albicans in minimal liquid culture media

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Mardon ◽  
I. S. K. Hurst ◽  
E. Balish
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Tube Production ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Germ Tubes

Candida albicans formed germ tubes within 3 h at 37C in a glucose–salts–biotin (GSB) medium containing L-alpha-amino-n-butyric acid as the nitrogen source. Optimal germ-tube production was obtained when the inoculum was grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar. The GSB medium containing L-alpha-amino-n-butyric acid promoted germ-tube formation more effectively than GSB medium plus gamma-amino-butyric acid or Sabouraud dextrose broth.Carbon-14 incorporation studies revealed that during germ-tube formation (0–4 h) the 3 carbon of alpha-amino-n-butyric acid was incorporated intracellularly to a greater extent than the 1 carbon. However, during blastospore formation (5–16 h), this difference was less pronounced.When six other Candida species were grown in GSB plus L-alpha-amino-n-butyric acid medium, few germ tubes were observed with the exception of one Candida stellatoidea strain. However, even this strain of C. stellatoidea produced far fewer germ tubes in this minimal culture medium than any strain of C. albicans tested.

Effect OF ISOFLAVONE ON MEMORY IN RAT MODEL OF SURGICALLY INDUCED MENOPAUSE; POSSIBLE ROLE OF GLUTAMATE AND GAMMA AMINO BUTYRIC ACID.

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Wessam Abouhammad ◽  
Mahmoud Hassan ◽  
Noha Hussien ◽  
Abeer Shoman ◽  
Randa Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Surgically Induced

Plant Performance and Defensive Role of γ-Gamma Amino Butyric Acid Under Environmental Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 277-299
Author(s):  
Antul Kumar ◽  
Anuj Choudhary ◽  
Harmanjot Kaur ◽  
Mohammed Javed ◽  
Sahil Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Defensive Role

The role of cotyledons in early development of pine seedlings

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sasaki ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Partial Reduction ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Reduced Light ◽  
Proportional Decrease

The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings, and especially on growth of primary needles, was studied over a 30-day period. Photosynthesis of cotyledons, as measured with an infrared CO2 analyzer, was variously reduced by photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides (atrazine, simazine, propazine, monuron), by reduced light intensity, or by combinations of these. When photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germination, the primary needles failed to expand, and dry weight production by seedlings was inhibited. Partial reduction of photosynthesis by herbicides, low light intensity, or both of these was followed by proportional decrease in expansion of primary needles and reduction in dry weight increment of seedlings. Reduced photosynthesis in cotyledons inhibited expansion of primary needles rather than formation of their primordia which occurred early in ontogeny. Growth of cotyledons appeared to utilize carbohydrate reserves to a large extent as cotyledons of many plants emerged even in the dark.

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