A NOTE ON THE ARTIFICIAL INOCULATION OF WHITE PINE SEEDLINGS WITH THE BLISTER RUST FUNGUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Identification of a protein secreted by the blister rust fungus Cronartium ribicola in infected white pines and its cDNA cloning and characterization

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-808
Author(s):  
Abul Kalam Mohammed Ekramoddoullah ◽  
Yingchun Tan ◽  
Xueshu Yu ◽  
Doug William Taylor ◽  
Santosh Misra
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Protein Sequence Analysis ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Sugar Pine

Previously we showed that a white pine protein Pin m III (a member of PR10 family of pathogenesis-related proteins) is up-regulated by infection in the white pine blister rust pathosystem. In this study, a blister rust fungal protein, Cro r I, which is similar in size to Pin m III (19 kDa), was detected in the infected white pine tissues. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of Cro r I isolated from infected pine foliage and from fungal mycelia was identical. Rabbit antibody was prepared to a synthetic N-terminal peptide and was purified by immunoaffinity. The purified antibody was used in a Western immunoblot to quantify the amount of Cro r I in various tissues. In western white pine seedlings the amount of Cro r I was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in infected tissues of cankered seedlings than the infected tissues of resistant seedlings. In sugar pine seedlings, the amount of Cro r I was also significantly (p < 0.01) higher in infected tissues of susceptible seedlings than in resistant seedlings. Furthermore, Cro r I is secreted by the blister rust fungus and was found to be translocated to the healthy tissues of cankered white pines. Cro r I is a major protein that could be extracted from infected foliage by vacuum infiltration. The level of Cro r I detected in the mycelium of different isolates varied. The cDNA of Cro r I was isolated by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction. Comparison of the DNA sequence and the deduced protein sequence with data bases revealed that it is a previously undescribed protein. The calculated molecular weight from the deduced protein sequence of Cro r I was 16.7 kDa and the calculated isoelectric point was 9.55. Protein sequence analysis showed that Cro r I has two potential N-linked glycosylation sites in its sequence.Key words: translocation, elicitor, antibody, amino acid sequence.

THE RELATION OF GROWTH REGULATORS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYMPTOMS AND THE EXPRESSION OF STEM RESISTANCE IN WHITE PINE INFECTED WITH BLISTER RUST

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Gall Formation ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Stem Resistance

The application of the growth regulators indoleacetic acid and gibberellic acid to stems of white pine seedlings produced many symptoms characteristic of the disease caused by the blister rust fungus, thus suggesting their possible involvement in gall formation. When a kinin-like compound, benzimidazole, was applied, a wound periderm was initiated in seedlings infected with the blister rust fungus but not in healthy seedlings. This effect was augmented by indoleacetic acid and gibberellic acid. It seems to be a phenomenon very similar to that observed in stem-resistant white pine, and a possible relationship is proposed based on anatomical studies.

scholarly journals Use of triadimefon to control white pine blister rust

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean A. Bérubé
Keyword(s):  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Bare Root

White pine seedlings were treated with triadimefon two weeks prior to natural inoculation with Cronartium ribicola and were observed for two growth seasons. During the second growth season in the greenhouse the incidence of blister rust symptoms was 70.8% for the untreated controls, whereas only 3.8% of the treated seedlings showed symptoms of blister rust. Triadimefon offers effective protection against white pine blister rust infection and would enable the production of bare root seedlings in areas prone to blister rust infection.

White pine blister rust: hypersensitive resistance in sugar pine

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohun B. Kinloch Jr. ◽  
Julia L. Littlefield
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Hypersensitive Resistance ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Sugar Pine ◽  
Sib Families

Resistance to white pine blister rust in sugar pine is simply inherited and can be identified by distinct needle spot morphs. After artificial inoculation at 2 years of age, seedlings from selfed and full-sib families developed either 'fleck' spots, characterized by a pale, yellow margin with a necrotic fleck in the center, or they developed typical yellow or red spots (or both). Seedlings segregated for needle spot reaction in monohybrid ratios with fleck dominant. Mycelium in secondary needle tissues of fleck spots, in contrast to yellow and red spots, was relatively sparse and confined by dense tannin deposits. Bark infection and mortality was heavy on seedlings with yellow and red spots. On seedlings with fleck spots, no bark symptoms developed from secondary needle infection but small, abortive cankers did develop on some of these seedlings as a result of primary needle infection. These atypical cankers did not sporulate or spread extensively, and had healed by the 2nd year after inoculation. The gene responsible for the fleck reaction thus elicits a hypersensitive response in secondary needles and, apparently, in bark tissues as well.

scholarly journals Characterization of Five Novel Mitoviruses in the White Pine Blister Rust Fungus Cronartium ribicola

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0154267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jun Liu ◽  
Danelle Chan ◽  
Yu Xiang ◽  
Holly Williams ◽  
Xiao-Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust

The relative susceptibility of needle- and stem-derived white pine tissue cultures to artificial inoculation with mycelium of Cronartium ribicola

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1789-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harvey ◽  
J. L. Grasham
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Tissue cultures of Pinus monticola Dougl. derived from stem cortex and leaf tissues were found susceptible to artificial inoculations with mycelium from the blister rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola Fisch. ex Rabenh.). Tissue cultures from leaf mesophyll grew slower and were colonized more rapidly by this fungus than those derived from stem cortex.

White Pine Blister Rust

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otis C. Maloy
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Disease Cycle ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Western White Pine ◽  
Pine Stands

White pine blister rust is probably the most destructive disease of five-needle (white) pines in North America. The rust fungus cannot spread from pine to pine but requires an alternate host, Ribes species, to complete the disease cycle. Several management tools might enable the reestablishment of western white pine stands. Accepted for publication 20 September 2001. Published 24 September 2001.

scholarly journals Growth and Injury Patterns of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) Seedlings as Affected by Hardwood Overstory Density and Weeding Treatments

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Krueger ◽  
Klaus J. Puettmann
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
White Pine Weevil

Abstract White pine seedlings were underplanted under a range of overstory densities in a hardwood stand in northern Minnesota. Vegetation surrounding seedlings was left untreated (control), weeded annually, or completely removed through monthly weeding. After 4 years, the benefit of weeding woody competition for diameter growth of seedlings was limited to areas with relatively open overstory conditions. Seedling height growth was reduced in areas with higher overstory density, but improved through weeding treatments that removed woody vegetation. The removal of herbaceous vegetation did not improve growth of seedlings in any conditions. Open growing conditions created by overstory removal and weed control resulted in higher incidences of seedling injuries, e.g., through infection by white pine blister rust. Conditions for pine bark adelgids also were enhanced in areas with low overstory densities and weeding treatments. The incidence for white pine weevil seems to follow a similar pattern, although the number of trees infected was minimal. Results show that improving growing conditions through management of the overstory and understory vegetation improves seedling growth rates, but must be balanced with potentially higher incidences of seedling injuries under more open conditions.

Resistance to Cronartium ribicola in Pinus monticola: reduced needle-spot frequency

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hoff ◽  
G. I. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resistance Factor ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Horizontal Resistance ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Western White Pine

Low frequency of needle spots caused by the blister rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch. ex Rabenh.) in western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) appears to be an expression of a horizontal resistance factor in secondary needles. Heritability averaged 37% for two sets of a 4 tester × 10 candidate mating system. We discuss the implications of these results with respect to developing varieties of western white pine resistant to blister rust.

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