ON THE NATURAL HYBRID POPULATION OF HEMEROCALLIS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichi Kawano
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Swarm

A large natural hybrid population between Hemerocallis middendorffii and Hemerocallis yezoensis occurs at Otanoshike and its neighborhood in the eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan. This report is the result of a comparative study on external morphology and cytological analysis of the hybrid swarm at Otanoshike and of the parental species from various localities in Hokkaido. The hybrid population at Otanoshike represents morphologically an "introgressive status", and this fact is well understood in connection with the ecological condition of the habitat. Among the hybrid swarm intermediate types are dominant. Cytologically, all the material examined was diploid, i.e., it had 2n = 22.

scholarly journals Endoparasitic helminths of water frog complex in Poland: do differences exist between the parental species Pelophylax ridibundus and Pelophylax lessonae, and their natural hybrid Pelophylax esculentus?

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Popiołek ◽  
B. Rozenblut-Kościsty ◽  
M. Kot ◽  
W. Nosal ◽  
M. Ogielska
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Water Frog ◽  
Pelophylax Ridibundus ◽  
Water Frogs ◽  
Pelophylax Esculentus ◽  
Cosmocerca Ornata

AbstractParasitic fauna of water frogs was mainly studied in the second half of the 20th century. However, these studies were done without differentiation into species and hybrids and pooled the 3 taxa as “water frogs” or “green frogs”. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of helminth species as well as their prevalence and intensity of infection in the two parental species (Pelophylax ridibundus and P. lessonae) and the hybrid (P. esculentus) of water frogs from 3 big populations composed of hundreds or thousands of individuals inhabited natural and seminatural landscapes in Poland. Eight helminth species were found: Polystoma integerrimum, Diplodiscus subclavatus, Opisthoglyphe ranae, Gorgodera cygnoides, Haematoloechus variegatus, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and Acanthocephalus ranae. The results were compared with data from other, polish and European studies. Additionally we compared the level of infection among water frog taxa.

scholarly journals Ecological Observations on Hybrid Populations of European Plethodontid Salamanders, Genus Speleomantes

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Enrico Lunghi ◽  
Fabio Cianferoni ◽  
Stefano Merilli ◽  
Yahui Zhao ◽  
Raoul Manenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Plethodontid Salamanders ◽  
The Future ◽  
First Time

Speleomantes are the only plethodontid salamanders present in Europe. Multiple studies have been performed to investigate the trophic niche of the eight Speleomantes species, but none of these studies included hybrid populations. For the first time, we studied the trophic niche of five Speleomantes hybrid populations. Each population was surveyed twice in 2020, and stomach flushing was performed on each captured salamander; stomach flushing is a harmless technique that allows stomach contents to be inspected. We also assessed the potential divergence in size and body condition between natural and introduced hybrids, and their parental species. Previously collected data on Speleomantes were included to increase the robustness of these analyses. In only 33 out of 134 sampled hybrid Speleomantes we recognized 81 items belonging to 11 prey categories. The frequency of empty stomachs was higher in females and individuals from natural hybrid populations, whereas the largest number of prey was consumed by males. We compared the total length and body condition of 685 adult salamanders belonging to three types of hybrids and three parental (sub)species. Three group of salamanders (one hybrid and two parental species) showed significantly larger size, whereas no difference in body condition was observed. This study provided novel ecological information on Speleomantes hybrid populations. We also provided insights into the potential divergence between hybrids and parental species in terms of size and body condition. We discuss our findings, and formulate several hypotheses that should be tested in the future.

Volatile oils and the study of natural hybridization between Correa aemula and C. reflexa (Rutaceae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Whiffin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Hybrid Swarm ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Complex Variation

A small hybrid swarm between Correa aemula and C. reflexa was located and examined morphologically and chemically, with an emphasis on volatile oils. The hybrid plants were intermediate morphologically between the two parental species. The volatile oil data were subjected to multivariate numerical analysis, the results of which confirmed the general intermediacy of the hybrid plants. In general it was found that ordination is a more useful technique for the study of hybridization than is classification. It would appear that numerical analysis of volatile oil data will prove a useful technique in the study of the complex variation found within the genus Correa.

A comparative study of Pyrola minor × Pyrola asarifolia (Ericaceae) and its parental species in North America

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1054-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Haber
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Blade Width

This study is the first documented account of the occurrence of the hybrid Pyrola minor × Pyrola asarifolia in North America. Seventeen localities have been verified with 15 of these occurring in the Cordillera from Colorado to the Aleutian Islands. In the east, one locality has been found in Ontario and one in Quebec. The hybrid is intermediate in morphology in 10 of 12 quantitative characters analyzed. Eight character means were significantly distinct for all three taxa (flower number, lengths of bracts, sepals, petals, anthers, petioles, styles and blade width). The hybrid differs from the parents in having campanulate flowers with distinctly exserted styles and anthers of intermediate form that are frequently malformed and have relatively large pores. Pollen fertility is low as judged by the high incidence of collapsed tetrads.

scholarly journals A new locality of Solidago ×niederederi Khek (Asteraceae) in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Pliszko
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Ne Poland

Abstract Solidago ×niederederi is a natural hybrid between S. canadensis and S. virgaurea, which occurs sporadically in synanthropic habitats together with the parental species. The hybrid was reported from seven countries in Central and Northern Europe and its presence emphasizes the invasive character of S. canadensis. A new locality of the hybrid was found in Mieruniszki village in the Zachodniosuwalskie Lakeland in NE Poland in 2011 (ATPOL square: FB06). Solidago ×niederederi grew on fallow land, at the edge of planted birchen shrubbery and its population comprised two small clumps. Current data suggest that the hybrid is a casual alien in the Polish flora, however, it has the potential to become established by clonal growth or restricted sexual reproduction.

scholarly journals Reproductive isolation of hybrid populations driven by genetic incompatibilities

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Schumer ◽  
Rongfeng Cui ◽  
Gil G Rosenthal ◽  
Peter Andolfatto
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Simple Consequence ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Adaptive Radiations

Despite its role in homogenizing populations, hybridization has also been proposed as a means to generate new species. The conceptual basis for this idea is that hybridization can result in novel phenotypes through recombination between the parental genomes, allowing a hybrid population to occupy ecological niches unavailable to parental species. A key feature of these models is that these novel phenotypes ecologically isolate hybrid populations from parental populations, precipitating speciation. Here we present an alternative model of the evolution of reproductive isolation in hybrid populations that occurs as a simple consequence of selection against incompatibilities. Unlike previous models, our model does not require small population sizes, the availability of new niches for hybrids or ecological or sexual selection on hybrid traits. We show that reproductive isolation between hybrids and parents evolves frequently and rapidly under this model, even in the presence of ongoing migration with parental species and strong selection against hybrids. Our model predicts that multiple distinct hybrid species can emerge from replicate hybrid populations formed from the same parental species, potentially generating patterns of species diversity and relatedness that mimic adaptive radiations.

scholarly journals Biometrical study of some individuals chosen from Pinus mugo turra populations in the peat bog "Bór na Czerwonem"

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Bączkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Hybrid Swarm ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
One Year ◽  
Biometrical Study

Sixteen individuals were sampled for study of variation in 17 anatomical and morphological characters. Only individuals of low polycormic growth (trait typical for <i>Pinus mugo</i> Turra) connected with incurved one-year-cone stipes (a similar situation exists in <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) were chosen, thus the sample studied cannot be treated as a random one. It has been shown by multivariate statistical analysis that these 16 individuals are quite different from each other, Mahalanobis'generalized distances between them being nearly 50% significantly different from 0. The sample studied in this respect is distinctly different from pure stands of both putative parental species (i.e. <i>Pinus mugo</i> and <i>P. sylvestris</i>). Every plant studied shows a different combination of traits typical (or nearly typical) for both the above-mentioned species and traits that are truly intermediate between them. The results support the frequently expressed opinion that the mountain pine population from the peat bog "Bór na Czerwonem" is, in fact, a hybrid swarm formed by hybridization between <i>Pinus mugo</i> and <i>Pinus sylvestris</i>.

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