THE CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF SOME NATIVE AND MANAGED PLANT COMMUNITIES IN CENTRAL MINNESOTA

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Successional Development

Concentration of chlorophyll per unit area of land surface was measured for six forests and 13 native and managed herbaceous stands in central Minnesota. Chlorophyll samples were extracted in acetone and in ethyl ether, and spectro-photometric analysis made of chlorophyll a and b content. Wet and ovendry weights of the aboveground crop were determined.A highly significant correlation was found between the dry weight of the aboveground crop of the annual herbaceous stands and the chlorophyll content of these stands. All stable natural herbaceous stands had an approximately similar ratio of chlorophyll to the dry weight of aboveground parts.Chlorophyll content in grams per square meter of land surface along an upland gradient from field crop through native communities of increasing age or successional development or both was Zea mays (2.7), Soja max (0.9), younger to older successional stages of old field (0.3 to 0.6), native prairie (0.7), xeric (more open) savanna (0.6), mesic (less open) savanna (1.0), conifer–hardwood forest (3.1). Chlorophyll content for a pond hydrosere from the Nymphaea odorata margin through Carex lasiocarpa mat to Chamaedaphne calyculata shrub and Larix laricina forest increased from 0.3 to 1.4 g/m2. Values for a younger and older Populus tremuloides lowland grove were 1.7 and 5.9 and for a Typha marsh were 4.6 g/m2.These data showed a tendency for later successional stages to exceed earlier stages, for some lowland stands to exceed upland stands, for forest to exceed herbaceous communities on a given moisture level, and for field crops to exceed prairie and old field. The upland old field to forest sequence and the lowland Nymphaea to Larix sequence had similar chlorophyll contents for a given stage of successional development. There was a highly significant positive correlation between chlorophyll content and height of the arboreal stands, and a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll content and herbaceous stand height.A significant difference in chlorophyll content was found between all stands with three or more sample plots, except those with closely correspondent mean values. The maximum difference between stands was twentyfold, which does not support previous studies which have suggested a similarity of chlorophyll content in diverse communities.Chlorophyll concentrations and wet and dry weights per various plant parts are presented for the seven tree samples, and the presence of chlorophyll in other than leaf parts emphasized.

Morpho-Biochemical Characteristics of Brinjal Germplasms Affect the Abundance And Infestation of Jassid

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
F Yasmin ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
M Afroz ◽  
MAH Swapon ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Positive Correlation

The tropical vegetable, brinjal is cultivated throughout the year in Bangladesh but the crop is infested by a number of insects including jassid. This study investigated the effects of different biophysical and biochemical characteristics of twelve brinjal germplasms on the abundance and infestation of jassid. The experiment was conducted during September 2018 to March 2019 in Gazipur, Bangladesh with twelve brinjal germplasms namely BD-7320, BD-7328, BD-9952, BD-10154, BD-10158, BARI Begun-1, BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-5, BARI Begun- 6, BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-8 and BARI Begun-9. The incidence of jassid was recorded from 3rd December to 26th March, and the lowest population was found on BARI Begun- 6. Among the biophysical traits, plant height, number of branch and leaf per plant, and leaf area exerted significant positive correlation; whereas trichome on lower and upper surfaces of leaf, spine per stem and leaf showed significant negative correlation with the abundance of jassid. On the other hand, moisture, reducing sugar, total sugar and protein content of the leaves and fruits, chlorophyll content of the leaves exerts significant positive correlation but ash and pH contents of the leaves and fruits were negatively correlated with the abundance of jassid. Jassids showed the lowest level of leaf infestation on BARI Begun-6, which could be for further analysis to develop jassid resistant brinjal. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 81-91 (2021)

scholarly journals Immature Platelet Fraction as a Non-Invasive Marker for Esophageal Varices

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Alyaa Marzouk Soliman ◽  
Sherief Mohamed Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Amal Saeid ALBendary ◽  
Osama El. Sayed Negm
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Immature Platelet Fraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Group 1

Background: All cirrhotic patients should be screened for oesophageal varices (OV) at the time of diagnosis. The development of a non-invasive method for the detection of OV is a vital issue in subjects with cirrhosis to decrease the need for invasive endoscopic procedures that can be costly. This work aimed to evaluate immature platelet fraction (IPF) as a non-invasive marker and predictor of OV. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 80 cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices diagnosed by upper endoscopy. They were divided into Group (1): 40 patients with cirrhosis with esophageal varices and Group (2): 40 patients with cirrhosis and without esophageal varices. All patients were subjected to the complete history taking, physical examination, routine laboratory investigations (Complete blood count, IPF, C-reactive protein, Liver and kidney function tests, Bone marrow aspiration for some cases, Ascetic sample analysis when applicable), Pelvic-Abdominal ultrasonography, Child Pugh score assessment, Upper GIT endoscopy. Results: There was a significant difference between the studied groups regarding IPF (p<0.001). At cutoff >12 IPF had (AUC= 0.993) with sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 97.5% for detection of esophageal varices. There was a significant negative correlation between IPF and platelets count (p- value < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between IPF and Child Pugh score (p- value <0.001). There was a highly significant positive correlation between IPF and CRP (p value <0.001). There was significant difference between the two groups as regards splenic longitudinal diameter (p<0.001). As regards platelet count, there was a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001). It was significantly lower in Group 1. Conclusions: IPF is elevated in cirrhotic patients with naive esophageal varices than in cirrhotic patients without varices. IPF could be used as a noninvasive, easy to measure method for detection of the presence of esophageal varices at a cutoff level of >12.

A new biopsy technique for sampling subcutaneous fat in cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (58) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Saville ◽  
WS Gilbert ◽  
JM Wright
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Pesticide Level ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Biopsy Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mesenteric Fat

A technique is described for the rapid biopsy sampling of subcutaneous fat in cattle. The technique involves freezing and folding back a small area of skin to allow removal of the underlying fat. The advantages of this technique are that it is rapid, animals do not have to be placed under general or local anaesthetic, no suturing is required and there is little disturbance to the animal. No significant difference in pesticide level was found between subcutaneous, peri-renal, and mesenteric fat, but a significant positive correlation (r = 0.82) was found between combined DDE and DDT levels in biopsy and carcase subcutaneous samples. This indicated that the residues measured from biopsy samples in this experiment were a good indication to levels in the rest of the animal.

scholarly journals Correlation of subtraction parathyroid scintigraphy with weight, pathohistologic finding and oxyphil cell content of parathyroid glands in parathyroid hyperplasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Sanja Dugonjic ◽  
Snezana Cerovic ◽  
Zoran Jankovic ◽  
Boris Ajdinovic
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Parathyroid Hyperplasia ◽  
Parathyroid Scintigraphy ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oxyphil Cell ◽  
Insignificant Correlation

Background/Aim. Parathyroid hyperplasia (PHP) is defined as an absolute increase in the mass of parenchymal cells of the parathyroid gland. PHP is classified as primary, secondary and tertiary. The enlargement of parathyroid glands (PG) is usually asymmetric, resulting in a ?dominant? gland. In order to confirm the diagnosis, at least two glands should be examined histologically. Subtotal parathyroidectomy, i.e. removal of the three PG and leaving a small remnant of the forth, is the treatment of choice. High percent of PHP recurrence imposes the need for preoperative high sensitivity localizing procedures. Parathyroid scintigraphy localizes about 60% of hyperplastic glands. The aim of this study was to correlate findings of subtraction parathyroid scintigraphy (SPS) with weight, pathohistologic finding and oxyphil cell (OC) content of PG in patients with primary, secondary and tertiary parathyroid hyperplasia. Methods. Twenty-seven patients with primary/secondary PHP underwent SPS before surgery. Scintigraphic results were graded from 1-5, in relation to the degree of uptake. SPS graded 3, 4 and 5 were considered positive. The number and weight of operated PG were evaluated macroscopically. Pathohistologic and cellular types were defined on standard stained hematoxylin-eosin slides. OC content was defined as a percent of OC and graded from 1 to 3: grade 1 < 10%, grade 2 ? 10% and grade 3 ? 20% of OC. Results. SPS localized dominant gland in all patients with sensitivity 100%, and 51 from 73 hyperplastic PG, with sensitivity per gland of 70%. PG weighed 0.1 g to 6.7 g (median 1 g). A significant positive correlation (p < 0.0001) was found between the SPS results and PG weight. A significant positive correlation was found between PG weight and OC content (p = 0.0002). An insignificant correlation was found between SPS and OC content. Thirty-eight PG had < 10% of OC, 32 PG had < 10% and 3 PG had ? 20% of OC. Four patients had diffuse PHP and 23 patients nodular PHP. There was no statistically significant difference in SPS results compared to hyperplasia type, and between OC content and hyperplasia type. A significant positive correlation (p = 0.05) was found between PG weight and hyperplasia type. Conclusion. A high positive correlation was found between SPS results and PG weight, PG weight and OC content and PG weight and hyperplasia type. Between SPS results and OC content, and between SPS results and hyperplasia type, an insignificant correlation was found. Our results showed that SPS is a reliable and very sensitive diagnostic tool in detecting abnormal PG in parathyroid hyperplasia, reaching 100% sensitivity in detecting a ?dominant gland? and sensitivity per localized gland of 70%. Causes that affect increased uptake of liposolubile Tc99m radiopharmaceuticals (RF) in the hyperfunctional PG tissue and conditions which prevent RF admission into the PG cells still remain to be accurately and precisely determined.

scholarly journals Study of Self Concept In Relation To Family Environment among Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Arun ◽  
Dr. Ravikumar M B ◽  
Arushi J Makhija ◽  
Shonali Christine Barreto ◽  
Vidhya Vishwanathan
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Environment Scale ◽  
Significant Difference

This study examines Self-concept in relationship with Family environment among adolescents. The study involved a total of 137 adolescents in the age group from 17-19 years, Adolescents’s Self Concept Scale – CSCS and CYDS Family Environment Scale was used to measure self-concept and family environment among adolescents. Then the data was scored and statistically analyses by using t-test and correlation. The result of the study revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female adolescents in their self-concept, and also there is no significant difference between male and female in their family environment. There is a highly significant positive correlation between self concept and family environment among adolescents.

RELATIONS OF THIAMINE CONTENT IN SASKATCHEWAN WHEAT TO PROTEIN CONTENT, VARIETY, AND SOIL ZONE

1949 ◽  
Vol 27f (11) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Y. Spencer ◽  
M. W. Galgan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thiamine Content ◽  
Short Method

The thiamine content (by a short method) and the protein content of 754 samples of the 1946 wheat crop and 458 samples of the 1947 wheat crop were determined. In 1946 four varieties were tested m each of the four soil zones, while in 1947 three varieties were tested on the Brown and Dark Brown soils and four on the Black and Black-Gray Transition soils. A highly significant positive correlation between thiamine and protein content was found for the two crops. No significant differences between thiamine values of the Thatcher 1946 and 1947 crop were found. Similarly, an analysis of variance for thiamine content of Redman in the Black and Black-Gray Transition soil zones and Rescue in the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones, for the two crop years showed no significant difference. Of the four varieties, Thatcher, Rescue, Pelissier, and Stewart grown in the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones, Stewart was significantly higher in thiamine content. The greatest range in thiamine content was 2.73 μgm. per gm. for Thatcher in the Black-Gray Transition soil zone (mean 4.01 μgm. per gm.) to 9.57 μgm. per gm. for Stewart in the Brown soil zone (mean 6.18 μgm. per gm.). A highly significant difference was found for varieties grown in different zones for both years. The values decreased as the soil changed from brown to dark brown, to black and degraded black, and finally to gray.

Mecury Concentrations in Ten Species of Australian Waterfowl (Family Anatidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Bacher ◽  
FI Norman
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Black Duck ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Total mercury concentrations in wing muscle of 10 species of waterfowl (Anatidae) collected during 1977 and 1978 in south-eastern Australia ranged from 0.08 � 0.04 (mean � SD) g g-1 wet weight in Australian shelduck Tadorna tadornoides and Pacific black duck Anas superciliosa, to 0.17 � 0.08 g g-1 in freckled duck Stictonetta naevosa. No significant differences in concentrations of mercury in muscle were found between sexes or between juvenile and adult birds. Total mercury concentrations in feathers were 3.01 � 0.09 g g-1 dry weight in Pacific black duck and 3.27 � 1.11 g g-1 in grey teal Anas gibberifrons. A significant positive correlation (r= 0.7783; P<0.01) was found between mercury concentrations in wing muscles and feathers of Pacific black duck.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Khat Chewing on Intima-Media Thickness of Common Carotid Arteries in Yemeni volunteers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameen M. Amer ◽  
Elsafi A. Abdalla ◽  
Amna A. M. Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Objective: To assess the changes occurring in both common carotid arteries (CCAs) intima-media thickness (IMT) in Yemeni chronic khat chewers using B-mode ultrasonography. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 195 participants (103 regular khat chewers and 92 non-khat chewers) conveniently selected at the Radiology Department of the University of Science and Technology Hospital (USTH) in Sana’a from August 2017 to August 2018. Data about gender, age, BMI, chewing khat and the period of chewing were collected from participants using a structured questionnaire. B-mode ultrasonography of bilateral CCAs was then performed to measure the IMT. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical tests, and P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The majority of participants with CCA-IMT were males (91.8%) and aged 27 years or younger (59.0%), with a mean age of 27.9 ± 6.8 years. Khat chewers constituted more than half of patients with CCA-IMT. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean values of RT CCA-IMT and LT CCA-IMT between khat chewers and non-khat chewers. The CCA-MIT was significantly higher among male khat chewers compared to male non-chewers (P = 0.004). However, there was no statistically significant difference between khat chewers and non-chewers with respect to the age of 20 years or older (P = 0.301) and BMI of 18.5 kg/m2 or higher (P = 0.888). Age showed a significant positive correlation with RT CCA-IMT (r = 0.380; P < 0.001) and LT CCA-IMT (r = 0.458; P < 0.001) in Khat chewers. In contrast, age showed a significant positive correlation with LT CCA-IMT only in non-khat chewers (r = 0.236; P = 0.024). On the other hand, BMI showed a significant positive correlation with LT CCA-IMT (r = 0.254; P = 0.010) among khat chewers, but no significant correlation was found in CCA-IMT of both sides among non-khat chewers. Among khat chewers, there was a significant positive correlation with RT CCA-IMT (r = 0.273; P = 0.005) and LT CCA-IMT(r = 0.194; P = 0.049). Conclusion: Khat chewing does not lead to a significant difference in CCA-IMT among Yemeni chewers compared to non-chewers. However, the period of chewing may slightly affect the CCA-IMT among khat chewers. Age has a significant positive correlation with CCA-IMT in khat chewers and LT CCA-MIT in non-khat chewers, which could help to determine the contribution of different predisposing factors to atherosclerosis. A significant positive correlation can be found between BMI and LT CCA-MIT among khat chewers. Keywords: Khat Chewing, Intima media thickness, Carotid, Yemen

Efficacy of Atorvastatin in Prevention of Contrast induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Mokhtar Kamaly ◽  
Ghada Mohamed Samir ◽  
Hany Magdy Fahim ◽  
Amira Mohamed Gaber Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Contrast Nephropathy ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Radiocontrast Media ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The use of radiocontrast media has increased greatly from the past decades for diagnostic radiography and interventional procedures and it is estimated that approximately 60 million people in the world are used radiocontrast media each year. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin (ATN) 80 mg in the prevention of CIN in patients undergoing angiography. Patients and Methods This study was a prospective, two‑arm, parallel group, controlled, clinical trial. This study has been performed on 100 Egyptian patients. Patients of either sex and aged between 21 and 65 years admitted for coronary angiography from January 2019 to June 2019, the patients had serum cretinine between 1 and 1.5 mg/dl or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR &gt; 60 ml/min/1.73m2) and suffering from controlled DM or HTN. Results As regard to prevalence of contrast nephropathy, in our study we found that the total prevalence was 13%. We have concluded a great effect of diabetes on development of contrast nephropathy. We have concluded a great effect of hypertension on development of contrast nephropathy. There was a great effect of number of vessels affected on development of contrast nephropathy. As regard FBS there was no significant difference between the two groups. Also, there was a highly significant positive correlation between and study markers of acute kidney injury (72 h- Serum creat Delta Serum creat, 72 h- GFR and Delta GFR) and FBS. As regard Contrast media dose there was no significant difference between the two groups. Also, there was a highly significant positive correlation between and study markers of acute kidney injury (72 h- Serum creat Delta Serum creat, 72 h- GFR and Delta GFR) and contrast media dose. In our study there was a highly significant difference between the two groups as regard study markers of evidence of contrast nephropathy (72 h- Serum creat Delta Serum creat, 72 h- GFR and Delta GFR).Also, there was a great effect of on development of contrast nephropathy. In our study there was a highly significant difference between the two groups as regard study markers of evidence of contrast nephropathy (72 h- Serum creat Delta Serum creat, 72 h- GFR and Delta GFR).Also, there was a great effect of on development of contrast nephropathy. Conclusion There was a beneficial significant effect of statin on prevention of contrast nephropathy, also we concluded that age, hypertension, DM, dyslipidaemia, FBS, hemoglobin level, serum uric acid and dose of contrast media are major risk factors for developing contrast nephropathy.

Screening methods for waterlogging tolerance in lucerne: comparative analysis of waterlogging effects on chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis, biomass and chlorophyll content

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane F. Smethurst ◽  
Sergey Shabala
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hoagland Nutrient Solution

Waterlogging is a serious environmental stress on lucerne (Medicago sativa) affecting its agronomic performance. To facilitate the breeding process, efficient tools to screen a population of lucerne cultivars are needed. In this study, a comparative analysis of waterlogging effects on leaf photosynthesis, pigment composition, PSII photochemistry, and plant growth characteristics was undertaken using four different lucerne cultivars (Aurora, Hunter River, L153 and Sequel HR). Two-month-old plants, grown in half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution, were waterlogged for 16 days, and plant physiological characteristics were monitored at regular intervals (every few days). All cultivars had significantly reduced fresh and dry weight for both shoots and roots after 16 days of waterlogging. Root biomass showed a greater percentage of reduction than did shoot biomass. As waterlogging stress developed, chlorophyll content, CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) decreased significantly. Chlorophyll a and b content gradually decreased over the time of the experiment in the stressed cultivars, and leaf chlorosis became increasingly evident. Although most of the parameters showed significant changes as waterlogging progressed, limitations render some of them inapplicable for screening. It is concluded that for practical screening purposes, the Fv/Fm ratio is the most appropriate. A significant difference between control and waterlogged plants became evident as early as day 7. Possible physiological mechanisms involved are discussed.

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