PROPERTIES OF A STRAIN OF CUCUMBER-MOSAIC VIRUS ISOLATED FROM PRUNUS HOSTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Willison ◽  
M. Weintraub
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

Some of the stone-fruit viruses that are transmissible only to cucumber and other cucurbits have occasionally been accompanied by a second virus that can be isolated by transfer to tobacco. This virus, herein called CMVP, appears to be latent in Prunus hosts, but induces symptoms in bean, cowpea, cucumber, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana glutinosa, petunia, tobacco, spinach, sugar beet, Swiss chard, and zinnia. CMVP has a small thermal coefficient, a thermal inactivation point between 65° and 70 °C, and a dilution end point between 10−3 and 10−4. It remains infective in expressed sap up to 96 hours at room temperature and for more than 6 days under refrigeration. It can be transmitted between cucumber and tobacco by Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae, in which it is nonpersistent. Spherical "virus particles" associated with CMVP are about 35 mμ in diameter. Tobacco plants infected with this virus are partially protected against cucumber mosaic virus but not against tobacco ring spot virus.In symptom expression and in some of its properties, CMVP resembles both alfalfa mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus. Its particle size and immunological reaction suggest that it is an atypical strain of the latter. It is considered not to be implicated in the etiology of cherry yellows and related stone-fruit viroses.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Distribution and Properties of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
A.D. Zadjaii ◽  
A.R. Matrooshi ◽  
S.M. Moghal
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ammi Majus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point ◽  
Heliotropium Europaeum

Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AlflMV) was recorded on 21 hosts comprising of four field crops, 14 vegetables, one ornamental plant and two new weed species (Heliotropium europaeum and Ammi majus) belonging to nine families. The virus was identified and confirmed on the basis of its biological, serological (ELISA) and physical properties. The leaves, stem and crown from systemically infected alfalfa plant contained high concentration of the virus. It was nonpersistently transmitted by cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). The wide host range, including virus reservoirs, seed-borne infection and insect transmission account for high incidence and distribution of AlfMV in the country. The virus isolate had a dilution end point between 1 x 10-3 to l x 10-4, 65-67 °C thermal inactivation point and a few days in-vitro longevity and appears to be similar to the AlfMV-S strain.  

scholarly journals Lavandula angustifolia Mill. as a natural host of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Kobyłko ◽  
Piotr Dańda ◽  
Beata Hasiów ◽  
Henryk Pospieszny ◽  
Natasza Borodynko
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Subgroup Ii ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A virus was isolated from Lavandula angustifolia Mill. plants exhibiting yellow mottling and distortion of leaves. After mechanical inoculation it induced in the major part of used test plants symptoms characteristic for Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Its standard properties regarding the stability in crude plant sap were as follows: longevity in vitro 1-2 days, thermal inactivation point 55-60°C, dilution end point log10minus 3 - 4. The virus reacted positive with diagnostic antiserum against CMV in DAS-ELISA test. RT-PCR reaction revealed similarity between the investigated isolate and the isolate of CMV from the Netherlands belonging to subgroup II. In the light of the foregoing facts the isolated pathogen can be identified as the Cucumber mosaic virus and Lavandula angustifolia may be regarded as its natural host.

scholarly journals Summer Cosmos – A Host of Cucumber mosaic virus

1970 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
MS Parvin ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
AHMA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Local Lesion ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
End Point ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

In order to identify the cause of virus disease-like symptoms developed naturally in Summer cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) plants at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur campus, a study was conducted during March 2004 to August 2005. The natural symptoms in Summer cosmos were consisted of mosaic, yellowing, shoe-string and leaf curling along with severe stunting of the infected plants. The ailments were found to be sap transmissible. Gomphrena globosa and Chenopodium amaranticolor were found to be good local lesion hosts producing chlorotic local lesion in the inoculated plants. The virus isolates obtained from the infected G. globosa plant had wide host range including Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Ligominosae and Solanaceae. The dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro were determined as 10-6, 65°C and 10 days, respectively. The host range test, dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro suggested that the virus was identical to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) detected the virus as CMV. The results of the study revealed that the virus disease-like symptoms naturally manifested in summer cosmos plants was identified as CMV. Key words: Summer cosmos, CMV, virus identification. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1463 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 84-93, June 2007

THE ROLE OF INSECTS IN THE SPREAD OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. McClanahan ◽  
G. E. Guyer
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Melanoplus Differentialis ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Echinocystis Lobata

Entomological aspects of the epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were studied in Michigan. Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis gossypii Glover were efficient vectors of CMV between various hosts in the laboratory. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) transmitted CMV between cucumber and Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) T. & G. Myzocallis asclepiadis (Monell) was shown to be a new vector of CMV between Asclepias syriaca L. Neither Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas) nor Acalymma vittata (Fabricius) transmitted the virus in limited trials.There was a small proportion of cucumber plants infected early in July, when alate M. persicae were present. In August the incidence of infection rose rapidly after a period of activity of alate A. gossypii. Alate aphids were trapped in yellow water pans situated in and around cucumbers. Seven known vectors of CMV were caught.

scholarly journals Transmissibility of Cucumber mosaic virus by Aphis gossypii Correlates with Viral Accumulation and Is Affected by the Presence of Its Satellite RNA

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Escriu ◽  
Keith L. Perry ◽  
Fernando García-Arenal
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
Satellite Rnas ◽  
Viral Accumulation ◽  
Test Plants

Satellite RNAs (satRNAs) are associated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in tomato, most often causing severe epidemics of necrotic plants, and not associated with specific host symptoms. Laboratory studies on virus transmission by the aphid vector Aphis gossypii were performed to better understand the dynamics of field populations of CMV. The presence of satRNAs correlated with lower concentrations of virus in infected plants and with a decrease in the efficiency of transmission from satRNA-infected plants. Both the concentration of virus in CMV-infected tomato and the efficiency of transmission varied more extensively with nonnecrogenic satRNAs than with necrogenic satRNAs. A negative effect of satRNAs on virus accumulation can account, in part, for a decrease in the field transmission and recovery of CMV + satRNAs. Aphids behaved differently and probed less readily on plants infected with CMV + necrogenic satRNAs compared with plants containing non-necrogenic satRNAs. Aphid-mediated satRNA-free CMV infections were observed in test plants when aphids were fed on source plants containing CMV + nonnecrogenic satRNA; no comparable satRNA-free test plants occurred when aphids were fed on source plants containing necrogenic satRNAs. These results indicate that factors associated with transmission can be a determinant in the evolution of natural populations of CMV and its satRNA.

Ultrastructure of Necrotic Lesions in Nicotiana glutinosa Leaves Locally Infected with a Variant of Cucumber mosaic virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 150 (10) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ishihara ◽  
H. Takahashi ◽  
S. Hase ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
M. Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa

scholarly journals Crop and Non-Crop Plants as Potential Reservoir Hosts of Alfalfa mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus for Spread to Commercial Snap Bean

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Mueller ◽  
R. L. Groves ◽  
C. Gratton
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Field Margins ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Virus Incidence ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Adjacent Field ◽  
Project Objectives

Diseases caused by aphid-transmitted viruses such as Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have increased in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Midwestern United States. Plants immediately surrounding agricultural fields may serve as primary virus inocula for aphids to acquire and transmit to bean crops. The project objectives were to (i) identify potentially important AMV and CMV reservoirs among naturally infected plants and (ii) determine the relationship between the virus inoculum potential (VIP) in adjacent crop field margins and virus incidence in P. vulgaris. From 2006 to 2008, surveys were conducted to quantify the virus incidence and percentage cover (2008 only) of plants present within 5 m of the P. vulgaris crop. In all, 4,350 individual plants representing 44 species were assayed, with overall AMV and CMV incidences averaging 12 and 1.5%, respectively. A VIP index was developed and used to rank the importance of virus-susceptible plants in adjacent field margins. The overall VIP index for AMV in field margins was weakly associated with AMV incidence in P. vulgaris and no relationship was observed between local CMV inoculum and P. vulgaris incidence, suggesting that factors additional to local inoculum sources may influence CMV epidemics in P. vulgaris.

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