STUDIES OF WESTERN TREE RUSTS: I. A NEW CONE RUST ON SITKA SPRUCE

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Ziller
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Local Damage ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
The One

Local damage on the Queen Charlotte Islands to seed of Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis, has led to the discovery of the causal agent, a new cone rust. At the same time a new Chrysomyxa on the one-flowered pyrola, Moneses uniflora, was discovered in the same area. Evidence from observations in the field, from controlled inoculations, and from the similarity of markings on aeciospores and urediniospores has led to the conclusion that the cone rust is the aecial stage of an undescribed Chrysomyxa. The rust has been described and named Chrysomyxa monesis. It is feared that the rust may cause serious damage to spruce seed abroad unless its spread is prevented. Surface sterilization of spruce seed before export is therefore recommended.

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in North America with special reference to its role in British forestry

1987 ◽  
Vol 93 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Roche ◽  
P. G. Haddock
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Genetic Potential

SynopsisThe natural distribution of Sitka spruce is examined in relation to the species' role in British forestry. Particular attention is therefore given to a description of habitats on the Queen Charlotte Islands, and also on the adjacent mainland of British Columbia where Sitka spruce is sympatric with white spruce (Picea glauca) and hybridisation occurs. Examples of genetic variation are given and it is suggested that a knowledge of the genecologv of the species in its natural habitat would help to elucidate its full ecological and genetic potential in Britain.

BROWN POCKET ROT OF SITKA SPRUCE

1946 ◽  
Vol 24c (4) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Bier ◽  
Mildred K. Nobles
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Causal Fungus ◽  
A New Species

A brown pocket rot of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) occurs in stands on the Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. The decay, the sporophore associated with it, and the cultural characters of the fungus are described. The causal fungus is regarded as a new species and is described as Lentinus Kauffmanii sp. nov. by Dr. Alexander H. Smith, University of Michigan.

A Sitka spruce height-age model with improved extrapolation properties

1997 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D. Nigh
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Extrapolation Model ◽  
Age Model

The height-age model for Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) currently recommended for use in British Columbia has poor extrapolation properties. Therefore, a new height-age model for Sitka spruce using stem analysis data collected from the Queen Charlotte Islands was developed. Care was taken to meet the standard regression assumptions. In particular, accounting for within-plot serial correlation improved the extrapolation abilities of the model by eliminating the crossing-over effect. The new model is being recommended for use in British Columbia because it offers better extrapolated height and site index estimates without sacrificing accuracy at young ages. Key words: Sitka spruce, site index, height-age model, serial correlation, nonlinear regression, extrapolation, model properties

Predicting the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of Sitka spruce from cellulose orientation and abundance

Holzforschung ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paul McLean ◽  
Robert Evans ◽  
John R. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Wood Stiffness ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Longitudinal Modulus

Abstract Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) is the most widely planted commercial tree species in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Because of the increasing use of this species for construction, the ability to predict wood stiffness is becoming more important. In this paper, a number of models are developed using data on cellulose abundance and orientation obtained from the SilviScan-3 system to predict the longitudinal modulus of elasticity (MOE) of small defect-free specimens. Longitudinal MOE was obtained from both bending tests and a sonic resonance technique. Overall, stronger relationships were found between the various measures of cellulose abundance and orientation and the dynamic MOE obtained from the sonic resonance measurements, rather than with the static MOE obtained from bending tests. There was only a moderate relationship between wood bulk density and dynamic MOE (R2=0.423), but this relationship was improved when density was divided by microfibril angle (R2=0.760). The best model for predicting both static and dynamic MOE involved the product of bulk density and the coefficient of variation in the azimuthal intensity profile (R2=0.725 and 0.862, respectively). The model parameters obtained for Sitka spruce differed from those obtained in earlier studies on Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus delegatensis, indicating that the model might require recalibration before it can be applied to different species.

Heritability of height growth in 10-year-old Sitka spruce

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis C. Yeh ◽  
Sven Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Ten-year height growth for Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. was studied in a progeny test of 42 wind-pollinated families from seven stands on the northwest coast of Vancouver Island. Although stand and family-within-stand effects were significant sources of variation, 79% of the phenotypic variance in 10-year height was associated with differences among trees within family plots. Estimates of heritability ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]) indicate that a combination of stand, family-within-stand, and progeny-within-family selection will be effective for a long-term breeding program to increase tree heights in Sitka spruce.Key words: Picea, heritability, quantitative.

Genetic relationships between wood quality traits and diameter growth of juvenile core wood in Sitka spruce

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Kennedy ◽  
A.D. Cameron ◽  
S.J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Good Growth

The trend towards shorter rotations in planted conifer stands has resulted in a reduction in the proportion of mature wood relative to juvenile core wood, raising concerns that the mechanical performance of sawn battens will be affected. The potential to improve the wood quality of the juvenile core of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière) without compromising growth rate was investigated. Rapid and inexpensive indirect methods of assessing wood properties on standing trees using a Pilodyn gun and acoustic velocity were compared with direct measurements made on wood samples cut from the juvenile core. Strong genetic correlations were observed between Pilodyn gun values and direct measures of density (–0.76) and between the square of acoustic velocity and modulus of elasticity (0.73). The genetic correlation between the square of acoustic velocity and microfibril angle was also strong (–0.84). These results suggest that indirect assessments of wood properties within juvenile core wood are sufficiently reliable for these techniques to be used in the Sitka spruce breeding programme. Although a strong negative genetic correlation between diameter at breast height and density was noted (–0.79), sufficient variation exists within the breeding population to select families with both good growth rate and high modulus of elasticity wood.

scholarly journals Defoliation and dieback of Sitka spruce in Reykjavík, Iceland

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Juliane Kuckuk ◽  
Sibren van Manen ◽  
Ólafur Eggertsson ◽  
Edda Sigurdís Oddsdóttir ◽  
Jan Esper
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Elatobium Abietinum ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
Aphid Populations

The green spruce aphid Elatobium abietinum is an important defoliating pest of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Iceland. A comparison of two urban Sitka stands in Reykjavík, from 2013-2017, reveals a distinct defoliation difference between trees located near a main road (94% defoliated) and several hundred meters away from heavy traffic (47%). Chemical analyses of the spruce needles demonstrate substantially higher nitrogen ratios in trees near traffic. Furthermore, the recently warming winter temperatures promoted larger overwintering aphid populations since 2003, as well as a shift of mass outbreaks from autumn to spring, accompanied by distinct growth suppressions one year after an aphid population spike in the post-2003 tree-ring data. The results of this study indicate that the mechanisms triggering Sitka spruce dieback in Reykjavík include a combination of increasing winter temperatures, more frequent and severe green spruce aphid outbreaks, as well as elevated N values in the needles of urban trees.

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