Pollination of an invasive orchid, Cyrtopodium polyphyllum (Orchidaceae), by an invasive oil-collecting bee, Centris nitida, in southern Florida

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liu ◽  
Robert Pemberton
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
The Self ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Invasive Range ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Southern Florida

The lack of appropriate pollinators is believed to be an impediment to naturalization of orchids. We studied the self-compatibility and pollination of an invasive, showy, rewardless, terrestrial orchid ( Cyrtopodium polyphyllum (Vell.) Pabst ex F. Barrios) in southern Florida. Pollination treatments indicated that the orchid is self-compatible but not autogamous. Visitor observations indicated that the orchid is pollinated by an invasive specialist oil-collecting bee ( Centris nitida Smith). The presence of the invasive Centris nitida has probably contributed to the naturalization of this probable oil reward mimicking orchid in Florida. We contrasted our results in the orchid’s invasive range with those reported in two studies in the orchid’s native range. In the invasive range in Florida, the orchid experiences a lower inbreeding depression. In both areas, the orchid is pollinated by Centris species and the pollination of the orchid is apparently enhanced by the presence of oil-rewarding species of the Malpighiaceae.

scholarly journals The Ability of Spontaneous Autogamy in Four Orchid Species: Cephalanthera Rubra, Neottia Ovata, Gymnadenia Conopsea, and Platanthera Bifolia

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Izabela Tałałaj ◽  
Beata Ostrowiecka ◽  
Ewa Włostowska ◽  
Agnieszka Rutkowska ◽  
Emilia Brzosko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Resource Limitation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Gymnadenia Conopsea ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
High Level ◽  
Development Analysis ◽  
Study Species

AbstractThe breeding system in Orchidaceae generates many questions about the selfing potential of its representatives. We investigated the ability of spontaneous autogamy of four orchid species: Cephalanthera rubra and Neottia ovata of the Neottieae tribe and Gymnadenia conopsea and Platanthera bifolia of the Orchideae tribe. These species represent diverse specializations of the gynostemium architecture. The self-compatibility and properties of autogamous seeds were determined in a bagging experiment and seed development analysis. After induced autogamy, a high level of fruiting (80-100%) was noted in all of the four study species. C. rubra, N. ovata, and G. conopsea are completely self-compatible, and P. bifolia is suggested to be partially self-compatible. If autogamy occurred, inbreeding depression and resource limitation on seed development appeared only in the two Orchideae species. Independent of flower specialization, both Neottieae species and P. bifolia were completely allogamous, whereas G. conopsea could be facultatively autogamous.

Reproductive success of Acacia longifolia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) in native and invasive populations

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Correia ◽  
Sílvia Castro ◽  
Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Reproductive Assurance ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Selfing Ability

The reproductive biology of exotic species affects their capacity to become naturalised and invasive in non-native areas. Selfing is a common trait in many invasive plants probably because it provides reproductive assurance under low availability of pollination vectors and sexual partners. Nonetheless, the predominantly self-incompatible Australian Acacia species are among the most aggressive plants worldwide. To address whether there have been changes in selfing ability and natural reproductive success of A. longifolia during invasion, we compared one population in the invaded area (Portugal) with one population in the native range (Australia). We specifically assessed floral traits, fruit set and offspring traits for selfing and open-pollination treatments. Within each pollination treatment, no differences were found between areas, suggesting that the level of self-compatibility has not changed during invasion. However, the number of aborted seeds and seed size were significantly different between pollination treatments in Australia but not in Portugal. There were significant differences in the number of seeds per pod and in seed weight between ranges. A lower number of aborted seeds, a higher number of fully developed seeds and a greater seed size were found in the invaded area for both pollination treatments. In spite of the low selfing ability of A. longifolia in the invaded area, there was an increase in the quantity and size of the seeds produced in the new region, even for self-pollinated fruits, which might contribute to A. longifolia invasiveness.

CORRELATED RESPONSE IN BROWN SARSON

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Swamy Rao
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Previous History ◽  
The Self ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Direction Opposite ◽  
Brown Sarson

The correlated response with changes in self-compatibility in three varieties of brown sarson subjected to gamma irradiation was examined. Selection for improved seed set in the irradiated populations showed that substantial correlated response can result for a constellation of other characters in which the self-compatible and self-incompatible forms differ. The correlated response was in a direction opposite to that of the previous history of selection.

scholarly journals Rapid evolution of Wolbachia incompatibility types

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1746) ◽  
pp. 4473-4480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Duron ◽  
Jennifer Bernard ◽  
Célestine M. Atyame ◽  
Emilie Dumas ◽  
Mylène Weill
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
The Self ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Self Compatibility

In most insects, the endosymbiont Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), an embryonic mortality observed when infected males mate either with uninfected females or with females infected by an incompatible Wolbachia strain. Although the molecular mechanism of CI remains elusive, it is classically viewed as a modification–rescue model, in which a Wolbachia mod function disables the reproductive success of the sperm of infected males, unless eggs are infected and express a compatible resc function. The extent to which the modification–rescue model can predict highly complex CI pattern remains a challenging issue. Here, we show the rapid evolution of the mod–resc system in the Culex pipiens mosquito. We have surveyed four incompatible laboratory isofemale lines over 50 generations and observed in two of them that CI has evolved from complete to partial incompatibility (i.e. the production of a mixture of compatible and incompatible clutches). Emergence of the new CI types depends only on Wolbachia determinants and can be simply explained by the gain of new resc functions. Evolution of CI types in Cx. pipiens thus appears as a gradual process, in which one or several resc functions can coexist in the same individual host in addition to the ones involved in the self-compatibility. Our data identified CI as a very dynamic process. We suggest that ancestral and mutant Wolbachia expressing distinct resc functions can co-infect individual hosts, opening the possibility for the mod functions to evolve subsequently. This gives a first clue towards the understanding of how Wolbachia reached highly complex CI pattern in host populations.

Parallel patterns of clinal variation in Solidago altissima in its native range in central USA and its invasive range in Japan

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie R. Etterson ◽  
Daniel E. Delf ◽  
Timothy P. Craig ◽  
Yoshino Ando ◽  
Takayuki Ohgushi
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Solidago Altissima ◽  
Parallel Patterns ◽  
Invasive Range ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Central Usa

The ability of exotic species to proliferate and expand their range may hinge critically upon their potential for adaptive evolution. The finding of parallel patterns of genetically based clinal variation in native and non-native ranges across similar environmental gradients supports the hypothesis that adaptive evolution has played a role in establishment and spread. In this common garden study, we compared patterns of phenotypic variation among 12 populations of Solidago altissima L. that were sampled across similar latitudes in the native range in central USA (25°N–43°N) and across its invasive range in Japan (26°N–43°N). Significant clinal variation in phenotype corresponding to latitude was found among US and Japanese populations for height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, and stomatal guard-cell size. Only the slope of leaf width differed significantly between the native and invasive range, and the slope was significantly steeper in Japan. These results indicate that patterns of selection across latitude are similar in these two countries. We suggest that populations of S. altissima have rapidly differentiated in response to the cline in selection in Japan, possibly by the sorting of lineages from multiple introductions, and this has contributed to their success as an exotic invader.

The self-compatibility effect in graded thermoelectric cooler elements

2013 ◽  
Vol 210 (7) ◽  
pp. 1407-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Seifert ◽  
G. Jeffrey Snyder ◽  
Eric S. Toberer ◽  
Christophe Goupil ◽  
Knud Zabrocki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
The Self ◽  
Thermoelectric Cooler ◽  
Self Compatibility

scholarly journals Pteris tripartita (giant brake).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Floodplain Wetlands ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Secondary Vegetation ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Basin Wetlands

Abstract Pteris tripartita is a terrestrial fern native to the tropics of the Old Word, introduced to the New World as an ornamental, with records of its being sold in nurseries in Florida (USA) in the 19th century. It is naturalized at scattered localities from Florida to northern South America, including the Caribbean. It is reported as invasive in Cuba and the south of Florida, USA. Its invasiveness in Cuba is due to its high reproductive capacity and its spread into secondary vegetation and cultivated lands in the eastern part of the country. In southern Florida, it is considered as a moderately invasive species, recorded as escaping cultivation in 1928. It is invasive in floodplain wetlands, basin wetlands and mesic uplands, displacing native species. It is not reported as invasive in its native range. It is regarded as a critically endangered species in India.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of S-haplotypes in Peach, a Self-compatible Prunus Species

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Hegedüs ◽  
Zoltán Szabó ◽  
József Nyéki ◽  
Júlia Halász ◽  
Andrzej Pedryc
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Synonymous Substitution ◽  
The Self ◽  
Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Length Determination

The most commercially grown peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] cultivars do not require cross-pollination for reasonable fruit set; however, self-incompatibility is a well-known feature within the Prunoideae subfamily. Isoelectric focusing and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of S-ribonucleases; PCR analyses of S-RNase and S-haplotype-specific F-box genes as well as DNA sequencing were carried out to survey the self-(in)compatibility allele pool and to uncover the nature of self-compatibility in peach. From 25 cultivars and hybrids with considerable diversity in phenotype and origin, only two S-haplotypes were detected. Allele identity could be checked by exact length determination of the PCR-amplified fragments and/or partial sequencing of the peach S1-, S2-, and Prunus davidiana (Carr.) Franch. S1-RNases. S-RNases of peach were detected to possess ribonuclease activity, and a single nucleotide polymorphism in the S1-RNase was shown, which represents a synonymous substitution and does not change the amino acid present at the position in the protein. A 700-bp fragment of the peach SFB gene was PCR-amplified, which is similar to the fragment size of functional Prunus L. SFBs. All data obtained in this study may support the contribution of genes outside the S-locus to the self-compatible phenotype of peaches.

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