Postglacial colonization and population genetic relationships in the Pinus contorta complex

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron J. Fazekas ◽  
Francis C. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Postglacial Colonization

To explore the evolutionary relationships among the subspecies of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) and the possible existence of a northern glacial refugium for Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. subsp. latifolia Engelm. and a coastal refugium for Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. subsp. contorta , 31 populations were analyzed using RAPD markers to determine whether a pattern of isolation by distance exists. A total of 52 markers from 10 primers were scored. A significant pattern of isolation by distance was detected when all 31 populations were analyzed together and for the 19 populations of subsp. latifolia. A phylogenetic tree constructed from all 31 populations does not show an unambiguous division of the subspecies of P. contorta into distinct clades. Our results provide no support for the separation of lodgepole pine into various subspecies and show that the subspecies of lodgepole pine have not been sufficiently isolated from one another for a large amount of genetic divergence to occur between them. For subsp. latifolia, the pattern of isolation by distance is consistent with the hypothesis of a single refugium south of the glacial maximum with population expansion following glacial retreat. The amount of genetic distance and the pattern of differentiation in populations of subsp. contorta suggest a more complex history associated with fluctuation in ocean levels and glacial margins.

Population genetic structure of the prairie dog flea and plague vector, Oropsylla hirsuta

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. JORY BRINKERHOFF ◽  
ANDREW P. MARTIN ◽  
RYAN T. JONES ◽  
SHARON K. COLLINGE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Prairie Dogs ◽  
Prairie Dog ◽  
Unique Haplotype ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Oropsylla Hirsuta

SUMMARYOropsylla hirsuta is the primary flea of the black-tailed prairie dog and is a vector of the plague bacterium, Yersinia pestis. We examined the population genetic structure of O. hirsuta fleas collected from 11 prairie dog colonies, 7 of which had experienced a plague-associated die-off in 1994. In a sample of 332 O. hirsuta collected from 226 host individuals, we detected 24 unique haplotype sequences in a 480 nucleotide segment of the cytochrome oxidase II gene. We found significant overall population structure but we did not detect a signal of isolation by distance, suggesting that O. hirsuta may be able to disperse relatively quickly at the scale of this study. All 7 colonies that were recently decimated by plague showed signs of recent population expansion, whereas 3 of the 4 plague-negative colonies showed haplotype patterns consistent with stable populations. These results suggest that O. hirsuta populations are affected by plague-induced prairie dog die-offs and that flea dispersal among prairie dog colonies may not be dependent exclusively on dispersal of prairie dogs. Re-colonization following plague events from plague-free refugia may allow for rapid flea population expansion following plague epizootics.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity of thePolypedates leucomystaxcomplex in Thailand

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittisak Buddhachat ◽  
Chatmongkon Suwannapoom
Keyword(s):  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Bayesian Posterior Probability ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Haplotype Networks ◽  
Clade C ◽  
Isthmus Of Kra

Taxonomic uncertainty of the Asian tree frogPolypedates leucomystaxcomplex presents the challenging task of inferring its biogeographical history. Here, we describe its dispersion and the genetic relationships among different populations in Thailand, where we connect the population of theP. leucomystaxcomplex of the Sunda Islands to the Indochina (mainland) population based on analyses of 266 sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Our maternal genealogy implies that there are four well-supported lineages in Thailand, consisting of Northern A (clade A:Polypedatessp.), Nan (clade B:P.cf.impresus), Southern (clade C:P. cf.leucomystax) and Northern D (clade D:P.cf.megacephalus), with Bayesian posterior probability >0.9. Phylogeny and haplotype networks indicate that clades A, B and D are sympatric. In contrast, clade C (P. cf.leucomystax) and clade D (P.cf.megacephalus) are genetically divergent due to the geographical barrier of the Isthmus of Kra, resulting in an allopatric distribution. Climatic conditions, in particular differences in rainfall on each side of the Isthmus of Kra, may play an important role in limiting the immigration of both clades. For the within-populations of either clades C or D, there was no significant correlation between geographic and genetic distance by the isolation-by-distance test, indicating intraspecific-dispersal of each clade. Population expansion occurred in clade C, whereas clade D showed a constant population. Taken together, theP. leucomystaxcomplex in South East Asia may have diversified under climatic pressure, leading to allopatric and/or sympatric speciation.

Diversity and population genetic structure of Octopus hubbsorum in the Mexican Pacific inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
José de Jesús Dueñas-Romero ◽  
Jasmín Granados-Amores ◽  
Deivis Samuel Palacios-Salgado ◽  
José Francisco Domínguez-Contreras ◽  
Juan Ramón Flores-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Clustering Model

Octopus hubbsorum is the most commonly captured species of octopus on the western coast of Mexico. Despite the commercial importance of this species, management information remains scarce. We determined the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of O. hubbsorum by using mtDNA sequences (COI and ND5). The population structure was not supported by AMOVA or a spatial clustering model. Furthermore, an isolation by distance model did not explain our data. Three haplogroups were detected using a Bayesian assignment; however, the distribution of these haplogroups did not differ among the sampling sites. Our results indicated historical processes of a sudden population expansion, as has been reported for other species in the study region as consequence of climatic changes. However, this expansion did not affect the distribution of the mitochondrial lineages analysed in the study. The weak population genetic structure in O. hubbsorum associated with the life history of the species can explain our results. We suggest that to expand knowledge regarding the genetic structure and population dynamics of O. hubbsorum throughout its range, markers such as microsatellites or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are needed. Thus, on the basis of the information available, the studied population should be assumed to have a weak genetic structure.

scholarly journals Population genetics of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in its native range in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Tiemi Motoki ◽  
Dina Madera Fonseca ◽  
Elliott Frederic Miot ◽  
Bruna Demari-Silva ◽  
Phoutmany Thammavong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Phylogenetic Network ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is an important worldwide invasive species and can be a locally important vector of chikungunya, dengue and, potentially, Zika. This species is native to Southeast Asia where populations thrive in both temperate and tropical climates. A better understanding of the population structure of Ae. albopictus in Lao PDR is very important in order to support the implementation of strategies for diseases prevention and vector control. In the present study, we investigated the genetic variability of Ae. albopictus across a north-south transect in Lao PDR. Methods We used variability in a 1337-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1), to assess the population structure of Ae. albopictus in Lao PDR. For context, we also examined variability at the same genetic locus in samples of Ae. albopictus from Thailand, China, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, Italy and the USA. Results We observed very high levels of genetic polymorphism with 46 novel haplotypes in Ae. albopictus from 9 localities in Lao PDR and Thailand populations. Significant differences were observed between the Luangnamtha population and other locations in Lao PDR. However, we found no evidence of isolation by distance. There was overall little genetic structure indicating ongoing and frequent gene flow among populations or a recent population expansion. Indeed, the neutrality test supported population expansion in Laotian Ae. albopictus and mismatch distribution analyses showed a lack of low frequency alleles, a pattern often seen in bottlenecked populations. When samples from Lao PDR were analyzed together with samples from Thailand, China, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, Italy and the USA, phylogenetic network and Bayesian cluster analysis showed that most populations from tropical/subtropical regions are more genetically related to each other, than populations from temperate regions. Similarly, most populations from temperate regions are more genetically related to each other, than those from tropical/subtropical regions. Conclusions Aedes albopictus in Lao PDR are genetically related to populations from tropical/subtropical regions (i.e. Thailand, Singapore, and California and Texas in the USA). The extensive gene flow among locations in Lao PDR indicates that local control is undermined by repeated introductions from untreated sites.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Prunus armeniaca L. revealed by chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal sequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Wen Li ◽  
Li-Qiang Liu ◽  
Qiu-Ping Zhang ◽  
Wei-Quan Zhou ◽  
Guo-Quan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Ili River Valley ◽  
Wild Apricot

AbstractTo clarify the phytogeography of Prunus armeniaca L., two chloroplast DNA fragments (trnL-trnF and ycf1) and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were employed to assess genetic variation across 12 P. armeniaca populations. The results of cpDNA and ITS sequence data analysis showed a high the level of genetic diversity (cpDNA: HT = 0.499; ITS: HT = 0.876) and a low level of genetic differentiation (cpDNA: FST = 0.1628; ITS: FST = 0.0297) in P. armeniaca. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the genetic variation in P. armeniaca occurred among individuals within populations. The value of interpopulation differentiation (NST) was significantly higher than the number of substitution types (GST), indicating genealogical structure in P. armeniaca. P. armeniaca shared genotypes with related species and may be associated with them through continuous and extensive gene flow. The haplotypes/genotypes of cultivated apricot populations in Xinjiang, North China, and foreign apricot populations were mixed with large numbers of haplotypes/genotypes of wild apricot populations from the Ili River Valley. The wild apricot populations in the Ili River Valley contained the ancestral haplotypes/genotypes with the highest genetic diversity and were located in an area considered a potential glacial refugium for P. armeniaca. Since population expansion occurred 16.53 kyr ago, the area has provided a suitable climate for the population and protected the genetic diversity of P. armeniaca.

Genetic Relationships of Cory's Shearwater: Parentage, Mating Assortment, and Geographic Differentiation Revealed by DNA Fingerprinting

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Rabouam ◽  
Vincent Bretagnolle ◽  
Yves Bigot ◽  
Georges Periquet
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Cory’S Shearwater ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Calonectris Diomedea

Abstract We used DNA fingerprinting to assess genetic structure of populations in Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea). We analyzed mates and parent-offspring relationships, as well as the amount and distribution of genetic variation within and among populations, from the level of subcolony to subspecies. We found no evidence of extrapair fertilization, confirming that the genetic breeding system matches the social system that has been observed in the species. Mates were closely related, and the level of genetic relatedness within populations was within the range usually found in inbred populations. In contrast to previous studies based on allozymes and mtDNA polymorphism, DNA fingerprinting using microsatellites revealed consistent levels of genetic differentiation among populations. However, analyzing the two subspecies separately revealed that the pattern of genetic variation among populations did not support the model of isolation by distance. Natal dispersal, as well as historic and/or demographic events, probably contributed to shape the genetic structure of populations in the species.

Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2403-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kashian ◽  
Rebecca M. Jackson ◽  
Heather D. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The 1960S

Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, age, and cone production were unimportant variables for beetle attack at epidemic levels. Small trees killed in the stand were killed based mainly on their proximity to large trees and were likely spatially aggregated with large trees as a result of the previous outbreak. We concluded that the driving factors of beetle attack and their spatial patterns are consistent across outbreak severities but that stand structure altered by the previous outbreak had implications for the current outbreaks in the same location. This study should catalyze additional research that examines how beetle-altered stand structure affects future outbreaks — an important priority for predicting their impacts under climate change scenarios that project increases in outbreak frequency and extent.

Incidence of main stem infections of lodgepole pine by western gall rust decreases with tree age

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V Blenis ◽  
Wuhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Infection of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) by western gall rust has been shown to decrease with tree height and age, but the effects of those two factors have not been separated. Five replicate artificial inoculations were done on a total of 327 trees of different ages in two height classes. Temperature and percentage of spore germination at the height of inoculation, shoot development (stem elongation at the time of inoculation as a proportion of final shoot elongation), main stem leader length at the time of inoculation, tree height, and tree age were measured. Modeled percentages of infected trees and the number of galls per 10 cm of shoot length decreased by 85% and 88%, respectively, as tree age increased between 2 and 10 years, indicating the undesirability of early, aggressive precommercial thinning of lodgepole pine stands in areas where western gall rust is common. By controlling and (or) statistically accounting for inoculum, microclimate, and phenological factors, it was possible to demonstrate that changes in susceptibility with tree age are sufficient to account for the reduction in infection with tree height.

Modeling the effects of fire and climate change on carbon and nitrogen storage in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. H. SMITHWICK ◽  
M. G. RYAN ◽  
D. M. KASHIAN ◽  
W. H. ROMME ◽  
D. B. TINKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Pathogenicity of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger ◽  
J. W. Paden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Infection

Forty isolates of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) were tested for in vitro pathogenicity on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Two known pathogens, Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.) Boud. and Botrytis cinerea Pers., were included as a check of the method. Caloscypha fulgens was the only fungus that caused serious declines in seed germination, although several species of postfire Pezizales were capable of preemergence seed infection. Rhizina undulata Fr. and Pyropyxis rubra (Peck) Egger were strongly pathogenic on germinants. Pyropyxis rubra was not previously known to be pathogenic. Many isolates were weakly pathogenic on germinants under the conditions tested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document