Planktonic diatom communities in High Arctic lakes (Store Koldewey, Northeast Greenland)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1744-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Cremer ◽  
Bernd Wagner
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
Planktonic Diatoms ◽  
Planktonic Diatom ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Arctic Limnology ◽  
Water Depths

This contribution documents with light micrographs the planktonic diatom flora in seven high arctic lakes on Store Koldewey, an island off Northeast Greenland. The lakes have maximum water depths between 6.1 and 72.0 m. Basic limnological analyses indicate that all lakes are cold, monomictic, clear, oligotrophic, and alkaline. Planktonic diatoms and chrysophyte statospores were present in all but one lake. Eight planktonic diatom taxa were identified in the phytoplankton samples: Aulacoseira islandica (O. Müller) Simonsen, Aulacoseira tethera Haworth, Aulacoseira sp. 1, Cyclotella antiqua W. Smith, Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hustedt, Cyclotella rossii Håkansson, Fragilaria tenera (W. Smith) Lange-Bertalot, and Stephanodiscus minutulus (Kützing) Cleve et Möller. Fragilaria tenera was present in two morphotypes; the "normally shaped" type and a type with abnormally shaped valves, which has mostly been recorded in metal-polluted lakes. The diatom communities were generally dominated by only one or two species. The water columns of the lakes with a water depth greater than 10 m accomodate a moderate to high proportion of primarily benthic diatoms.Key words: Greenland, High Arctic, limnology, diatoms, valve morphology.

Diatoms in cryoconite holes and adjacent proglacial freshwater sediments, Nordenskiöld glacier (Spitsbergen, High Arctic)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Vinšová ◽  
Eveline Pinseel ◽  
Tyler J. Kohler ◽  
Bart Van De Vijver ◽  
Jakub D. Žárský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Species Pool ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Genus Richness ◽  
Cryoconite Hole ◽  
Extreme Habitats ◽  
Average Genus ◽  
Suitable Environment

Cryoconite holes are small, extreme habitats, widespread in the ablation zones of gla-ciers worldwide. They can provide a suitable environment for microorganisms including bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and invertebrates. Diatoms have been previously recovered from cryoconite holes of Greenland and of Svalbard, and recent findings from Antarctica suggest that cryoconite holes may harbor a unique diatom flora distinct from other aquatic habitats nearby. In the present study, we characterize the diatom communi-ties of Nordenskiöld glacier cryoconite holes in Billefjorden (Svalbard, Spitsbergen), and multivariate approaches were used to compare them with three freshwater localities in the immediate vicinity to investigate possible sources of the species pool. We found cryoconite holes to have similar or greater average genus-richness than adjacent lake/ ponds habitats, even though lower numbers of valves were recovered. Overall, cryoconite hole diatom communities differed significantly from those observed in lakes, suggesting that other sources actively contribute to these communities than nearby lakes alone. This further suggests that (i) diatoms present in cryoconite might not exclusively originate from aquatic habitats, but also from (semi-) terrestrial ones; and (ii) that a much wider area than the immediate surroundings should be considered as a possible source for cryoconite diatom flora.

scholarly journals Assessing the utility of sulfur isotope values for understanding mercury concentrations in water and biota from high Arctic lakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen L. Lescord ◽  
Meredith G. Clayden ◽  
Karen A. Kidd ◽  
Jane L. Kirk ◽  
Xiaowa Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
Sulfur Isotopes ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Resolute Bay ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Globally Stable

Methylmercury (MeHg) biomagnifies through aquatic food webs resulting in elevated concentrations in fish globally. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes are frequently used to determine dietary sources of MeHg and to model its biomagnification. However, given the strong links between MeHg and sulfur cycling, we investigated whether sulfur isotopes (δ34S) would improve our understanding of MeHg concentrations ([MeHg]) in Arctic lacustrine food webs. Delta34S values and total mercury (THg) or MeHg were measured in water, sediments, and biota from six lakes near Resolute Bay, NU, Canada. In two lakes impacted by historical eutrophication, aqueous sulfate δ34S was ∼8‰ more positive than sedimentary δ34S, suggestive of bacterial sulfate reduction in the sediment. In addition, aqueous δ34S showed a significant positive relationship with aqueous [MeHg] across lakes. Within taxa across lakes, [THg] in Arctic char muscle and [MeHg] in their main prey, chironomids, were positively related to their δ34S values across lakes, but inconsistent relationships were found across entire food webs among lakes. Across lakes, nitrogen isotopes were better predictors of biotic [THg] and [MeHg] than δ34S within this dataset. Our results suggest some linkages between Hg and S biogeochemistry in high Arctic lakes, which is an important consideration given anticipated climate-mediated changes in nutrient cycling.

scholarly journals Climate and permafrost effects on the chemistry and ecosystems of High Arctic Lakes

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Roberts ◽  
S. F. Lamoureux ◽  
T. K. Kyser ◽  
D. C. G. Muir ◽  
M. J. Lafrenière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Lakes

Chrysophycean stomatocysts from the postglacial sediments of a High Arctic lake

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine E. Duff ◽  
John P. Smol
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Detail ◽  
Electron And Light Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Twenty-six chrysophycean stomatocyst morphotypes were described from the postglacial sediments of a small, rock basin lake near Baird Inlet, Ellesmere Island. Scanning electron and light microscopy were used to classify the stomatocysts, following the guidelines of the International Statospore Working Group. None of the stomatocysts could be related with certainty to the chrysophyte species that produced them, but sufficient morphological detail is present in most of the stomatocysts to allow for taxonomic differentiation. A stratigraphic analysis of the dominant stomatocyst morphotypes revealed that chrysophyte species composition changed most markedly during the lake's early development but then remained relatively constant. This study demonstrated that chrysophycean stomatocysts provide useful paleoecological information in High Arctic lakes, but further taxonomic and ecological research is required to fully exploit these microfossils.

Coral microatolls and a probable Middle Ordovician example

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Kobluk ◽  
Iqbal Noor
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Reef Environments ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Water Depths ◽  
Tabulate Corals

A disk-shaped massive colony of Tetradium, from the Middle Ordovician Bobcaygeon Formation in southern Ontario, displays features of a coral microatoll. This is the first pre-Holocene coral microatoll yet described, indicating that some tabulate corals in level-bottom communities were growing as microatolls as do many modern colonial skeleton-secreting organisms.The microatoll therefore is not strictly a Quaternary or even Cenozoic phenomenon, but has a fossil record that may span most of the Phanerozoic. This indicates that the special conditions necessary for microatoll growth have existed outside of reef environments, and were present before the advent of scleractinian coral reefs. It may be possible to use ancient microatolls to estimate absolute water depths at low tide, thereby providing a means for estimating maximum water depths on a local and regional scale.

Contaminant fate in high arctic lakes: development and application of a mass balance model

1997 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Freitas ◽  
Miriam Diamond ◽  
Ray Semkin ◽  
Dennis Gregor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Contaminant Fate

The Impact of Permafrost Disturbances and Sediment Loading on the Limnological Characteristics of Two High Arctic Lakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary A. Dugan ◽  
Scott F. Lamoureux ◽  
Ted Lewis ◽  
Melissa J. Lafrenière
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Sediment Loading ◽  
The Impact
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