Molecular systematics of the ascomycete genus Farrowia (Chaetomiaceae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy A Untereiner ◽  
Valérie Débois ◽  
Françoise A Naveau
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The genus Farrowia D. Hawksworth was established for members of the Chaetomiaceae with Botryotrichum-like anamorphs and long-necked ascomata, but the separation of Farrowia from Chaetomium Kunze has been questioned by mycologists who did not consider these characters to be significant at the generic level. The recent description of a species of Chaetomium with an aleurioconidial anamorph and long-necked ascomata prompted us to explore this question employing molecular characters. We sequenced a portion of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit rRNA gene (28S) of members of the Sordariales including species of Chaetomium, Farrowia and Thielavia. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the monophyly of the Sordariales and the close relationship of Aporothielavia leptoderma to the genus Chaetomium. A sequence-based phylogeny identified a well-supported clade that included Chaetomium floriforme, Chaetomium sphaerale, members of the genus Farrowia, and longicollous species of Chaetomium with aleurioconidial anamorphs. A clade containing Chaetomium brevipilium, Chaetomium cuyabenoensis, Chaetomium homopilatum and species of Farrowia was inferred from the analysis of morphological characters, but this data set was found to be incongruent with the 28S sequence data. While these results are in agreement with the hypothesis that species of Farrowia comprise a group of closely related taxa, they do not provide strong support for the recognition of the genus Farrowia.Key words: anamorph, aleurioconidia, Botryotrichum, Chaetomium, 28S ribosomal RNA gene sequences.

scholarly journals Senecio kumaonensis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) is a Synotis based on evidence from karyology and nuclear ITS/ETS sequence data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIAN-JING TONG ◽  
MING TANG ◽  
CHEN REN ◽  
QIN-ER YANG
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Relationship Of

We apply a multidisciplinary approach to settle the dispute over the generic affiliation of the Himalayan species Senecio kumaonensis (based on Cacalia penninervis). Some floral micromorphological characters of this species, including shape of anther bases, configuration of anther collars, and anther endothecial tissue cell wall thickenings, are confirmed to perfectly match those of Senecio and this has obviously resulted in the placement of the species within that genus. Chromosome counts indicate S. kumaonensis has 2n = 40, a number common to Senecio and Synotis but not occurring in Parasenecio (the correct generic name for the Asian species previously referred to Cacalia), which has 2n = 52, 58, and 60. The presence of six subterminal-centromeric (st) chromosomes in the karyotype of S. kumaonensis, however, lends strong support to the close relationship of this species to Synotis. Our phylogenetic analyses based on ITS/ ETS sequences also place S. kumaonensis in Synotis. In this species the anther tail feature, once deemed to be diagnostic for Synotis (anther bases in Synotis with sterile, tailed auricles vs. those in Senecio without such auricles, obtuse to sagittate), has an exception as evidenced from phylogeny. We therefore transfer S. kumaonensis to Synotis and, as the epithet “penninervis” has hitherto never been used in the genus, we propose the new combination Syn. penninervis for this species.

Anterastes davrazensis sp. n. (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae): morphology, song and 16S rDNA phylogeny

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3401 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARP KAYA ◽  
DRAGAN CHOBANOV ◽  
BATTAL ÇIPLAK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Male Calling ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The new species Anterastes davrazensis sp. n. (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) is described from south-eastern Turkey. Description, diagnosis and relationships of the new species were studied utilizing morphology, male calling songs and 16S rDNA sequence data from all species in the genus. Morphology and song syllable structure indicate A. davrazensis sp. n. is related to A. uludaghensis. Phylogenetic analyses based on representative haplotypes of 16S rDNA, using Sureyaella bella, Parapholidoptera distincta and Bolua turkiyae as outgroups, also suggested strong support to the relationship of these two species. A. davrazensis sp. n. differs from its closest relative A. uludaghensis by the higher number of stridulatory pegs and the song, consisting of irregular syllable groups.

A new genus and a major temperate bamboo lineage of the Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from Sri Lanka based on a multi-locus plastid phylogeny 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Attigala ◽  
Jimmy K. Triplett ◽  
Hashendra-Suvini Kathriarachchi ◽  
Lynn G Clark
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Woody Bamboos ◽  
Cpdna Markers ◽  
Combined Data

Kuruna, a new temperate woody bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Arundinarieae) genus from Sri Lanka, is recognized based on chloroplast sequence data from five markers (coding: ndhF 3’ end; non-coding: rps16-trnQ, trnC-rpoB, trnD-trnT, trnT-trnL). This genus represents the twelfth major lineage of temperate woody bamboos and is characterized by pachymorph culm bases with short necks, unicaespitose clumps, culm leaf girdles ca. 1 mm wide, usually abaxially hispid culm leaves with non-irritating hairs, persistent foliage leaf sheaths, complete branch sheathing and acute to biapiculate palea apices. Maximum Parsimony, Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses of a combined data set consistently strongly supported the monophyly of this Sri Lankan temperate woody bamboo clade. Although the Kishino-Hasegawa test is unable to reject the alternative hypothesis of monophyly of the Sri Lankan clade plus Bergbambos tessellata from South Africa, Kuruna and Bergbambos are distinguishable by a combination of morphological characters. A few additional cpDNA markers not previously used in phylogenetic analyses of Arundinarieae were tested to evaluate their utility in this taxonomically difficult tribe.

From 18S ribosomal sequence data to evolution of morphology among the fungi

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (S1) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary L. Berbee ◽  
John W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Of Divergence

From ribosomal DNA sequence data we can estimate ascomycete relationships, the time of divergence of major ascomycete lineages, and the history of morphological evolutionary change. Groups long accepted by mycologists such as the filamentous ascomycetes with fruiting bodies, (the plectomycetes and pyrenomycetes) are supported by 18S rDNA sequence data. After generating a phylogenetic tree showing relationships, the geological time of divergence of major fungal lineages may be estimated, inferring elapsed time using the calibrated percent substitutions between sequences. Determining the pathway of evolution of morphological characters is more difficult than inferring the relationships among these taxa. To establish the history of morphological evolution, we need accurate trees receiving strong support from our data set. We also need taxa with the intermediate characters to reveal the sequence of events in morphological evolution. Soon, however, we may be able to take a more direct approach to evolution of morphological characters, sequencing the genes that code for the character. Key words: fungus evolution, ascomycete phylogeny.

Nodularia (Cyanobacteria, Nostocaceae): a phylogenetically uniform genus with variable phenotypes

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klára Řeháková ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
Alena Lukešová ◽  
Eliška Zapomělová ◽  
Kateřina Bernardová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The taxonomy of cyanobacteria currently faces the challenge of overhauling the traditional system to better reflect the results of phylogenetic analyses. In the present study, we assessed the phylogenetic position, morphological variability, ability to produce the toxin nodularin, and source habitat of 17 benthic and soil isolates of Nodularia. A combined analysis of two loci (partial 16S rRNA gene and rbcLX region) confirmed the genus as a monophyletic unit and the close relationship of its members. However, the taxonomic resolution at the subgeneric level was extremely problematic. The phylogenetic clustering did not show any reasonable congruence with either morphological or ecological features commonly used to separate taxa in heterocytous cyanobacteria. Despite the near phylogenetic similarity of planktonic, benthic and soil Nodularia strains, we did not find any new nodularin-producing strains among the non-planktonic isolates. The relatively low variability in conserved molecular markers within the genus Nodularia exemplifies the limitations of the currently accepted taxonomic workflow and polyphasic approach. Elucidation of mechanisms that drive the phenotypic variability in such groups presents a major challenge in cyanobacterial research.

Collastoma esotericum (Neodalyellida: Umagillidae), a new species of sipunculan-inhabiting rhabdocoel from Queensland, Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4701 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-573
Author(s):  
DANIEL C. HUSTON
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
De Man ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southeast Queensland

The Umagillidae Wahl, represent a group of endosymbiotic Platyhelminthes which inhabit two disparate invertebrate host groups, the echinoderms and sipunculans. Sipunculan-inhabiting umagillids are morphologically distinct from those inhabiting echinoderms and have traditionally been placed in a distinct genus and subfamily, Collastoma Dörler, and the Collastominae Wahl, respectively. Although molecular data are available for umagillid species inhabiting echinoids and holothurians, species inhabiting sipunculans have yet to be evaluated with molecular data. Collastoma esotericum n. sp. from the sipunculan Phascolosoma scolops (Selenka & de Man) collected in Moreton Bay, southeast Queensland, Australia, is described. Phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA gene sequences placed C. esotericum in a clade with species of the Umagillidae and the Provorticinae Luther, with strong support. However, within this clade the relationship of C. esotericum to the Umagillidae and Provorticinae was not resolved. 

Correct names of two cultivated mushrooms from the genus Pleurotus in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMANTHA C. KARUNARATHNA ◽  
PETER E. MORTIMER ◽  
JIE CHEN ◽  
GUO-JIE LI ◽  
MAO-QIANG HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Cultivated Mushrooms

Two collections of Pleurotus giganteus and one collection of Pl. tuber-regium from Mengsong in Yunnan Province, China, and commercially grown strains of Pl. giganteus and Pl. tuber-regium from Jiangxi Province, China were identified using macro and micro morphological characters. The identification was also confirmed by phylogenetic analysis using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) universal primers. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS-1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequence data of collections of Pl. giganteus from Sri Lanka (epitype), Thailand, Malaysia and Pl. tuber-regium from Australia, Cameroon, China, Ghana, Malaysia, Nigeria, and Papua New Guinea using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference showed that Pl. giganteus forms a strongly supported clade with Thai and Chinese Pl. giganteus, while the Chinese Pl. tuber-regium clade with Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria samples with strong support. In this paper, we clarify the identifications of the two edible cultivated mushrooms, Pl. giganteus and Pl. tuber-regium in China.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of xenodermid snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Xenodermidae), with the description of a new genus

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 747-763
Author(s):  
V. Deepak ◽  
Samuel Lalronunga ◽  
Esther Lalhmingliani ◽  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Surya Narayanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Nuclear Gene Sequence

Xenodermidae is a generally poorly known lineage of caenophidian snakes found in South, East and Southeast Asia. We report molecular phylogenetic analyses for a multilocus data set comprising all five currently recognised genera and including new mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequence data for the recently described Stoliczkia vanhnuailianai. Our phylogenetic results provide very strong support for the non-monophyly of Stoliczkia, as presently constituted, with S. borneensis being more closely related to Xenodermus than to the Northeast Indian S. vanhnuailianai. Based on phylogenetic relationships and morphological distinctiveness, we transfer Stoliczkia borneensis to a new monotypic genus endemic to Borneo, Paraxenodermusgen. nov. We also present new morphological data for P. borneensis.

From marine caves to the deep sea, a new look at Caminella (Demospongiae, Geodiidae) in the Atlanto-Mediterranean region

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4466 (1) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
PACO CÁRDENAS ◽  
JEAN VACELET ◽  
PIERRE CHEVALDONNÉ ◽  
THIERRY PÉREZ ◽  
JOANA R. XAVIER
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The North ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Surface Microstructures ◽  
Relationship Of

Caminella Lendenfeld, 1894 is a poorly known Geodiidae genus with unclear phylogenetic relationships. In order to find new lines of evidence that could shed light on the evolutionary history of Caminella, we decided to revise type material and museum material, as well as examine new material from underwater caves and deep-sea ecosystems. In doing so, we formally show that Isops maculosus Vosmaer, 1894 and Caminella loricata Lendenfeld, 1894 are junior synonyms of Caminella intuta (Topsent, 1892). We discuss different spicule morphological phenotypes in C. intuta, which may be linked to silica availability. We also discovered two new species of deep-sea Caminella: 1) from Cape Verde (Caminella caboverdensis sp. nov.) and 2) from seamounts located south of the Azores archipelago and the North of Spain (Caminella pustula sp. nov.). We reveal that Caminella sterrasters have complex surface microstructures, unique amongst the Geodiidae, where actin tips are linked to each other. Molecular markers (COI, 28S (C1-D2) and 18S) sequenced for some specimens led to new phylogenetic analyses, which continue to suggest a close relationship of Caminella with the Erylinae and Calthropella; these affinities are discussed in light of morphological characters. 

scholarly journals The Complete DNA Sequence of the Mitochondrial Genome of a “Living Fossil,” the Coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae)

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 995-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Zardoya ◽  
Axel Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
Latimeria Chalumnae ◽  
Relationship Of

The complete nucleotide sequence of the 16,407-bp mitochondrial genome of the coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) was determined. The coelacanth mitochondrial genome order is identical to the consensus vertebrate gene order which is also found in all ray-finned fishes, the lungfish, and most tetrapods. Base composition and codon usage also conform to typical vertebrate patterns. The entire mitochondrial genome was PCR-amplified with 24 sets of primers that are expected to amplify homologous regions in other related vertebrate species. Analyses of the control region of the coelacanth mitochondrial genome revealed the existence of four 22-bp tandem repeats close to its 3′ end. The phylogenetic analyses of a large data set combining genes coding for rRNAs, tRNA, and proteins (16,140 characters) confirmed the phylogenetic position of the coelacanth as a lobe-finned fish; it is more closely related to tetrapods than to ray-finned fishes. However, different phylogenetic methods applied to this largest available molecular data set were unable to resolve unambiguously the relationship of the coelacanth to the two other groups of extant lobe-finned fishes, the lungfishes and the tetrapods. Maximum parsimony favored a lungfish/coelacanth or a lungfish/tetrapod sistergroup relationship depending on which transversion:transition weighting is assumed. Neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood supported a lungfish/tetrapod sistergroup relationship.

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