Effects of watershed liming on terrestrial ecosystem processes

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Smallidge ◽  
Anthony R. Brach ◽  
Irene R. Mackun
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Watershed Liming

Watershed liming has been proposed to mitigate lake acidification and depletion of soil base cations. This paper reviews and synthesizes literature describing the effects of liming on natural terrestrial ecosystems, with a specific emphasis on watershed liming studies. Specifically, we look at the purpose of liming, types of lime, physiological role of calcium, lime effects on soil and belowground processes, and plant response to liming with special attention to growth and tissue chemistry, roots, and plant–plant interactions. Liming increases soil pH and either increases or decreases soil nutrient availability. Liming affects litter decomposition, mineral soil processes, root growth, plant nutrient uptake, and plant productivity. Interspecific plant interactions can be affected after liming. Specific soil and biotic responses depend upon the type and amount of lime applied, the period of observation, soil characteristics, and species composition.Key words: watershed liming, CaCO3, calcite, dolomite, calcium, ecosystem response to liming, wetland liming, forest liming, nutrient availability, soil acidity.

scholarly journals Short communication: a new dataset for estimating organic carbon storage to 3 m depth in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hugelius ◽  
C. Tarnocai ◽  
J. G. Bockheim ◽  
P. Camill ◽  
B. Elberling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Abstract. High latitude terrestrial ecosystems are key components in the global carbon (C) cycle. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) was developed to quantify stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the northern circumpolar permafrost region (18.7 × 106 km2). The NCSCD is a digital Geographical Information systems (GIS) database compiled from harmonized regional soil classification maps, in which data on soil coverage has been linked to pedon data from the northern permafrost regions. Previously, the NCSCD has been used to calculate SOC content (SOCC) and mass (SOCM) to the reference depths 0–30 cm and 0–100 cm (based on 1778 pedons). It has been shown that soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region also contain significant quantities of SOC in the 100–300 cm depth range, but there has been no circumpolar compilation of pedon data to quantify this SOC pool and there are no spatially distributed estimates of SOC storage below 100 cm depth in this region. Here we describe the synthesis of an updated pedon dataset for SOCC in deep soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost regions, with separate datasets for the 100–200 cm (524 pedons) and 200–300 cm (356 pedons) depth ranges. These pedons have been grouped into the American and Eurasian sectors and the mean SOCC for different soil taxa (subdivided into Histels, Turbels, Orthels, Histosols, and permafrost-free mineral soil taxa) has been added to the updated NCSCDv2. The updated version of the database is freely available online in several different file formats and spatial resolutions that enable spatially explicit usage in e.g. GIS and/or terrestrial ecosystem models. The potential applications and limitations of the NCSCDv2 in spatial analyses are briefly discussed. An open access data-portal for all the described GIS-datasets is available online at: http://dev1.geo.su.se/bbcc/dev/v3/ncscd/download.php. The NCSCDv2 database has the doi:10.5879/ECDS/00000002.

scholarly journals Herbivorous insect decreases plant nutrient uptake: the role of soil nutrient availability and association of below-ground symbionts

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOBORU KATAYAMA ◽  
ALESSANDRO O. SILVA ◽  
OSAMU KISHIDA ◽  
MASAYUKI USHIO ◽  
SATOSHI KITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Herbivorous Insect ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Soil Nutrient Availability ◽  
Plant Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Below Ground

scholarly journals Effects of Preceding Stand Age on Nutrient Availability in Postharvest Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) Stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent G. Thompson ◽  
David E. Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Jack Pine Forests ◽  
C And N ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen

Abstract Because of the long time periods involved, empirical data on the effects of preceding stand age on nutrient availability in the succeeding stand are scarce. We took advantage of a unique management situation in the jack pine forests of northern Lower Michigan to assess the effects of preceding stand age (24‐76 years) on postharvest soil nutrient availability. We found that potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N) and extractable phosphorus (P) increased with increasing age of the preceding stand. In contrast, we observed no response of total organic carbon (C) and N or extractable base cations to preceding stand age. Together, our results demonstrate that harvesting these forests at younger ages results in decreased availability of N and P immediately following harvest.

Soil Ecology

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciska T. De Vries ◽  
Richard D. Bardgett
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Ecology ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Plant Soil

The study of soil ecology has a long tradition. Most of this interest, until relatively recently, has been from an agricultural perspective, but now it is widely accepted that soil ecology is central to the study of terrestrial ecology. Early research in soil ecology was largely descriptive, detailing the abundance of diversity of organisms in soils of different habitats. However, interest in functional soil ecology started in the 1980s with studies of trophic interactions in soil and their importance for nutrient cycles and decomposition. Now, the topic has blossomed, with the help of new technologies that allow the study of soil organisms and their activities in situ, and there is currently widespread recognition that soil ecology is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and their response to global change. Today, the field of soil ecology is dominated by discussions on the use of new molecular tools that enable ecologists to understand what regulates patterns of diversity in soil, the functional role of soil biodiversity and plant-soil interactions, especially those that occur at the root-soil interface, and the role of soil biological communities in regulating ecosystem responses to global change, including the global carbon cycle under climate change. Many challenges still remain in soil ecology, and perhaps the most significant is the need for a stronger theoretical basis for the subject; almost all studies in this area have been carried out from an empirical perspective, and modeling approaches are still in their infancy. As a consequence, our ability to make predictions about the role of soil biological interactions and feedbacks in regulating terrestrial ecosystem processes and their response to global change remains limited.

Spatial variability in soil nutrient availability in an oak-pine forest: potential effects of tree species

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2321-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
C SM Washburn ◽  
M A Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Soil Nutrient Availability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N

Established species have been shown to affect soil nutrient availability, but the effects of "native invasive" species on soil nutrient availability are relatively unknown. Oak-dominated forests in the eastern deciduous forest are dynamic in their species composition, with increasing dominance of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) in the midstory and overstory. We hypothesized that higher quality red maple litter within a litter matrix dominated by oaks would accelerate N turnover, increase nutrient availability in the soil, and result in a thinner and less massive O horizon. We examined nutrient availability in soils under three overstory tree species (Quercus prinus L., A. rubrum, and Pinus echinata Mill. or Pinus rigida Mill.), under a shrub (Vaccinium spp.), and in locations without tree stems ("no tree"). Ex tract able nutrients (P, K, Mg, Ca) and total and available N were quantified in the O horizon and upper mineral soil at 0.5 m and 1.0 m from the base of individual trees or from the center of Vaccinium and no-tree locations. Despite low lignin concentration in red maple litter and low lignin/N ratio, the lowest N mineralization rates were found in red maple microsites; the highest N mineralization rates were found under oak. Extractable cations were generally highest under red maple and lowest under pines, and red maple had the highest levels of total N (but not NO3or NH4) in the upper mineral soil. Shifting species composition towards red maple and away from pines in these forests may alter nutrient cycling by increasing surface soil cation availability, but reducing soil N mineralization.

scholarly journals Availability of plant nutrients and pollutants in the young soils of Surtsey compared to the older Heimaey and Elliðaey volcanic islands

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Bjarni D. Sigurdsson ◽  
Niki I. W. Leblans
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Ratios ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Soil Age ◽  
Volcanic Islands ◽  
Seabird Colonies

Surtsey and the older islands in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago offer a unique possibility to study how sub-Arctic ecosystems develop from unvegetated mineral substrate that lacks soil cover to grasslands with thick Brown Andosol soils. The present study was carried out on Surtsey, Heimaey and Elliðaey in 2013 and involved an incubation of resin membranes in the 0-10 cm topsoil layer in different ecosystems, which were either inside or outside seabird colonies. We compared the effects of seabird presence on soil nutrient availability as well as the importance of time for soil development (at least ca.1600 years vs. 50 years). Further we looked for build-up of Cd and Pb within the seabird colonies. Seabird presence enhanced the availability of most nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Fe, Mn and Zn) except B and Cu, irrespective of the age of the islands. Soil age was also a significant factor for nutrient availability for all macro- and micronutrients except B. Nutrient ratios indicated that N was the most limiting nutrient in all ecosystems, except in the thicker tephra soils on Surtsey where low P availability may lead to co-limitation. The role of P in ecosystem function on Surtesy warrants a futher study. No accumulation of Cd and Pb was found within the seabird colonies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document